From the pre-Qin philosophers "Shang Shu Hong Fan".
Excerpt from the original:
Eight strategies: one, food, two, goods, three, worship, four, altogether, five, Stuart, six, Scott, seven, guest, eight, teacher.
Translation:
Eight kinds of government affairs: first, agricultural production, second, commodity circulation, third, sacrifice, fourth, engineering, fifth, education, sixth, public security, seventh, guests and eighth, military affairs.
Extended data
Shangshu is a political book that traces back to the ancient political and economic system, and Hongfan Eight Strategies is one of the eight principles of the ruling class in Shangshu Zhou Shu. Because the country was founded on agriculture at that time, these eight principles were mainly for the development of agricultural production, so they were also called "eight agricultural policies".
Ban Gu adopted the first two of the eight policies, namely, ready-to-eat and food-eating, when he wrote The History of Food in Han Dynasty, thus constructing the word "food-eating", which was referred to by historians of later generations. Ban Gu constructed the word "food goods" and the concept of "food goods".
1 century, on the basis of the development of politics, economy and food in the previous generation, especially on the basis of historical records, Pingzhushu and Bangu wrote the immortal and famous historical article "Hanshu Food Record". At this time, the concept of "food goods" was established with the connotation of Hong Fan's eight policies and the expansion of the scope described in Historical Records. ?
When explaining the concept of "food goods", Ban Gu cited a large number of ancient cases of governing the world with the policy of "food goods".
He said that when he was in Shennong, he taught the people to farm and organized market transactions, so that the people "had enough food and goods, and then the country was real and the people were rich, and they were educated." From Huangdi to Yaoshun, leading the people to get rid of hunger was regarded as the primary government affairs, and flood control, Kyushu and farmland were established. Only without moving can the world be governed and people live and work in peace and contentment; The prosperity of Shang Dynasty and Tuesday Dynasty also took An Min as the political head of the country.
After summing up the historical experience, Ban Gu said: "The rich, the emperor, therefore, gathered people to guard their positions and trained a group of students to serve heaven and govern the country and the people." "Richness" is the result of adequate food and clothing, which is the foundation of governing the country and the people.
The theory of "food goods" is an economic activity from the standpoint of the country, from the country to the people. In other words, "food goods" is not the theory and practice of people's private economic activities, but the theory and practice of national economic activities, and the theory and practice of economic activities, policies, systems and measures that the state (or regime) handles the distribution of interests between the state and the people.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hong Fan