Cirsium japonicum: According to historical records, after the Shang Dynasty, Emperor Yao was later named after Cirsium japonicum, hence the name Yan. In addition, there was Yan State before Zhou Dynasty, followed by Yan State and Ji State, with Ji Cheng as its capital, which is now the predecessor of both capital cities. After Qin destroyed Yan, Jixian County was established, so the address is in Beijing today.
Youzhou: One of the ancient Kyushu. The name of Youzhou was first seen in Shangshu Shundian: "Yan is called Youzhou." Youzhou was established in the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and all of them ruled in today's Beijing area.
Yan Dou: It was named after the ancient capital of Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is the State of Yan, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou". Later, it was often used as another name for Beijing in some ancient books. In 1980s, a publication about Beijing literature and history was published, named Yan Dou.
Sunset: It first appeared in the Book of Jin. Yingchuan is very close to Jindu Luoyang, so it is called sunset. Later, when Wang Bo, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Preface to Wang Teng-ting, he said that "the sunset looks at Chang 'an, and the cloud refers to Wu Hui" and applied it to this allusion. Since then, it has been called "sunset". As a synonym of Beijing, it uses Old News of the Sun written by Zhu Yizun in Qing Dynasty and Textual Research of Old News of the Sun written in Qianlong period.
Youdu: Youdu County was established in the Tang Dynasty, and Youdu Mansion was also established in the Liao Dynasty, ruling today's Beijing area.
Yanjing: In the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), Shi Siming called himself Yan Di and john young was Yanjing. After the Anshi Rebellion was settled, Yanjing went on strike. Later, although the official name of Beijing changed frequently, the name Yanjing was widely used. In the past century, "Yanjing" has been the most commonly used nickname in Beijing, and even the names of some enterprises and products are often named after these two words.
Chunming: Originated in the Tang Dynasty, the main entrance (East Gate) of Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, is called Chunming Gate. The ancients believed that the East dominated spring, and later generations took Chunming as another name for the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called Chunming. This is what A Qing writer Sun Chengze wrote "wet dream in the Spring".
Capital: Before the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), the capital Chang 'an was called the capital. Later, the capital was generally called the national capital. After Beijing became the national capital, it was also called the capital. Today, it is also the most commonly used synonym for people to address Beijing.
Nanjing: In the first year of Liao Huitong (938), the original Youzhou was upgraded to Youdu House, and Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, was built as the capital of Liao. At that time, the capital of Liao was in Beijing (now south of Bahrain Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia).
Yanshan Mountains: In the 4th year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 123), Song and Jin jointly conquered Liao and captured Yanjing. After the Song and Jin Dynasties made peace, Yanjing returned to the Northern Song Dynasty and built Yanshan House (because it was near the foot of Yanshan Mountain), so Yanjing was also called Yanshan.
Zhongdu: In the sixth year of Song Xuanhe (1 125), the Jin people invaded south and occupied the Yanshan House in Song Dynasty. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan (1 153), Jin people moved their capital to Yanjing, renamed Zhongdu, and ruled southwest Beijing today.
Daxing: When the Jin Dynasty changed Yanjing into Zhongdu, Daxing House was established, which is located in the southeast of Beijing today, including Dongcheng District, Chongwen District, Chaoyang District and the east of Daxing District.
Dadu: In Yuan Dynasty, the new town was rebuilt with Jinligong (now Beihai Park) as the center. In the ninth year of Yuan Dynasty (1272), it was renamed Dadu, and in Yuan Dynasty it was commonly known as Dadu.
Kan baruch: In the Yuan Dynasty, most Mongolians called it Kan baruch, which means "Khan City" in Mongolian, that is, the place where Khan lived. So after the Yuan Dynasty made Beijing its capital, it was also called Kan baruch, and Kyle Poirot called Dadu (Beijing) Kan baruch in his travel notes.
Beiping: In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), after Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to record the achievements of pacifying the North, most of the Yuan Dynasty was renamed Beiping.
Beijing: In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), after Judy (Ming Chengzu) ascended the throne, he changed the Beiping mansion, which was the fief of the prince, into Shuntianfu, built Beijing City and moved the capital here. This is the beginning of the official naming of Beijing, which has a history of more than 600 years.
Shi Jing: Ming Chengzu moved to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle (1420) and renamed it Shi Jing until the Qing Dynasty. The word "Shi Jing" first appeared in The Book of Songs, Elegance and Gong Liu: "The wilderness of Shi Jing is everywhere." Later generations called the capital the capital. There is also a saying that Fengxiang in Shaanxi has mountains called Beijing and water called teachers. Because both Zhou Wenwang and King Wu established their capitals here, they were named Shi Jing, and later Shi Jing was regarded as the representative of the national capital. After Beijing was called the capital, it was also called Shi Jing.
Wan Ping: This is a general term for Beijing by old Beijingers. Actually, it is not accurate. Wanping county in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was only a part of Beijing today, and its general orientation was the southwest of Beijing, including Xicheng District, Xuanwu District and Haidian District, and the west of Shijingshan District, Mentougou District and Daxing District.
Jingzhao: In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Shuntian was abandoned. The following year, Jingzhao was placed in the middle of Zhili, covering most of Beijing today. In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China, Jingzhao was abolished and Beijing was changed to Beiping.
In addition to using the above names in Beijing's history, during the Qin and Han Dynasties, Beijing was once the seat of Yangguang County. During the great cause of the Sui Dynasty, it was once the seat of Zhuo County. During the reign of Tang Tianbao, it was once the seat of Fanyang County. During the Liao dynasty, it was the seat of the western Jin government; Ming and Qing dynasties