China people's surnames have a long history. Although there is the book "Hundreds of Surnames", there are actually more than one hundred. The so-called hundred surnames are all empty. In fact, there are all kinds of surnames among the people, which is difficult to count. No one gave China an exact surname number, only a "rough number". Some are vague and say more than 8,000; There is still a debate about 4 100. Some of these surnames are mispronounced by ordinary people.
First, China's surname
The surname "hua" should be pronounced Hua instead of Hua in Chinese. The surname of China originated from the feudal city and came from the surname of Zi. Dialectics of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times says: "The surname is Zi, the grandson Du, Gong, Gong, Xiang Song Gong, because he stands on his own feet." It can be seen that the ancestor of the Chinese surname is the son of Hua and the grandson of the Song Dynasty. Because the ancestor of Dai Gong in the Song Dynasty was the surname Zi, the surname book said that Fahrenheit came from the surname Zi. According to historical records, Hua Tuo was very influential in the Song Dynasty. He once killed Confucius' grandfather, Kong Fujia, and forced Kong to move to Shandong. The descendants of Hua surname are very famous in later generations, among which the most famous are Hua Tuo, the imperial doctor in the Three Kingdoms period, and Hua Xin in the Cao Wei period. People in their forties will never forget it.
Second, Ren Shi
The surname "Ren" should be pronounced Ren (person), not Ren. Ren Shi has two sources: one is the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. "Yuanhe Shidian" says: "Twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor, twelve with virtue as their surname, one as their post, six generations to the west, Xue as their post, Wei as their post and Qin as their post." Second, from the wind surname, for the origin of Tai Hao. Tongzhi says, "Ren is a country with the wind as its surname. After the establishment of Tai Hao, Jeju Rencheng is now where it lives. " Zuo Zhuan Zheng said: "After Tai Hao, Xie, Zhang, Xue, Shu, Lu, Zhu, Zhong, Quan, Bi and Guo were all surnames." It can be seen that these two surnames are very old surnames. A few years ago, Zhang Ren, director of the People's Public Security Bureau, was Ren's good son and daughter.
Third, the solution of surnames.
"Xie" should be pronounced Xie, not Xie of liberation. Evil comes from Feng Yi, whose ancestor is his son Liang, who eats evil because of his surname and comes from Ji's surname. Tang Shuyu was the first king of the Tang Dynasty in the early Zhou Dynasty. His eighth son's name is Ji Liang, and his food city is Xieyi. His descendants took the fief of Ji Liang as their surname and called it Jieyi. Note of "Surname Urgent": "(Solution), the place name is in Hedong, so there are many surnames in Hedong." Hedong in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period refers to the southwest of Shanxi Province today.
Fourth, Chou Xing.
The surname "Qiu" should be pronounced Qiu (Qiu), not Qiu. Chou Xing's ancestor was Qiu Mu, a doctor of the Song State in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to Zuo Zhuan, in 68 BC1year, there was an internal chaos in Song State, which was called "Nangong Million Chaos" in history. Chou Xing's ancestor Qiu Mu showed fearless patriotism in this civil strife. At that time, the Qing Dynasty Nangong in Song Dynasty was playing chess with Song Mingong. Because Song Mingong didn't win, he became angry from embarrassment and humiliated Nangong Wan with words. Nangong Wan, a humble Beowulf, has boundless strength. In a rage, he picked up the chessboard and killed Song Mingong. Qiu Mu heard that he led an army to fight the Nangong at the palace gate. In the struggle, Qiu Mu "died gnashing his teeth". The descendants of Qiu Mu took revenge as their surname. There were great painters in the Ming Dynasty, and those who now live in Zhang, Jiangsu Province should be the most photogenic people.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Park surname
The surname "Piao", you should read Piao (Piao), not simple Piao. The surname Park originated in Ba County, Sichuan Province. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. "Wei Zhi" records: "Twenty years after Jian 'an, the king of Bayi, Pu Hu, cited Bayi as an attachment. "Park is probably after that into the central plains. There are many Koreans in Jilin now, which may be another source of Park's surname. The three main surnames of Koreans are Li, Jin and Park.
Sixth, check the surname.
The surname "Cha" should be pronounced zhā (Cha), not Cha. The origin of the surname Cha is briefly recorded in the history books. "Wan's General Spectrum" says: "Looking out of Qixian County. In the Five Dynasties, there was a literary army in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Sun Dao, a literary army, moved to Hailing (now Taizhou, Jiangsu Province) and has been a famous family in Hailing since then. " Zhang Shu, a surname scholar in Qing Dynasty, believed that "Cha" evolved from "Huo". (Song) Deng's "Discrimination of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times" says: "The term surname of Zhenzong and Hawthorn Tree Road is called: those who should seek sound and be beautiful are called it. I asked my name again, and I quoted Chunqiu as correct, so I naturally changed it. " The most famous descendants of Cha surname should be Jin Yong and Jin Xia. Jin Yong's original name was Cha Liang Yong, and Jin Yong's pen name came from the last word of his name, using the method of character division.
Seven, beggar surname
The surname "Gai" should be pronounced gě (Ge), not Gai. "Discrimination of Ancient and Modern Surnames" says: "The doctor of Qi ate the cover, and later people took Yi as their surname." The etymology says: "Qi Gai (Ge) City in the Warring States Period and Gai County in the Han Dynasty belong to Taishan County. Beiqi was abolished, and the old city was in the northwest of Yishui County, Shandong Province. " There is another source of Gai's surname, which is changed from the surname of ethnic minorities. The Official History of Shu Wei records: "Lushui Lake has a Gai (Ge) surname, and Gai (Ge) Lou's surname was changed to Gai's surname." Today's movie star Gai Lili should be read as Gelili. Gai Jianmin, a doctoral supervisor in the philosophy department of Xiamen University, is the first person named Gai I know.
Eight. Regional surname
The surname of "district" should be pronounced (not u) instead of district partition. The district surname comes from the person's name. "Wan Family Tree" says: "After Ou Yezi, it became a regional family, looking beyond the Bohai Sea. Youyun: There are many surnames in Lingnan today. Qu Yezi, the ancestor of Qu surname, was a famous sword maker in ancient China. The famous people recorded in Hanshu are Qujing, Qulian, Quxing and Qubo, among whom Qubo was a corps commander in Wang Mang's era. During the Southern Qi Dynasty, Nanhai people and Chenzhou people stabbed the gold in the area. In the Ming Dynasty, there were Shunde people and Nanjing Hubu Langzhong District. Chuliang Ou, a former goalkeeper of the national football team, is an outstanding member of contemporary regional surnames.
Nine, Le surname
Not as happy, but as happy (month). Le surname comes from a person's name and from the child's surname. "Tang Shu? The lineage of the Prime Minister said: "In the Song Dynasty, the son was Li, and () gave birth to his father Ze, and Ze gave birth to his father beard. Later generations took the word Wang Fu as their surname. Among the descendants of Love, Yang Le and Le Yi were the most famous generals in the Warring States Period. You won't be surprised.
Last name
Pang is pronounced Pang (Fang). A few surnames are often mistaken for Feng (Feng) or Peng (Peng). In fact, Feng and Peng also have the same pronunciation and are two different surnames. Among them, Tan Shi and Shi Feng are of the same origin; Ponzi is another source. As for the former, there is a textual research on surnames: its ancestor was "the Queen of the Shang Dynasty" looking out of Beihai, and "Searching for the Origin of Surnames" says: "This book is written with the word" Feng ",and the word" Feng "and the word" Qiu "are divided into later generations, and today they are also divided into different parts." Robbie, another Qing Dynasty historian, disagreed with this view. He believed that Feng Boling was the minister of the Yellow Emperor, and was later sealed in, actually starting from Qi. "Zuo Gong Ten Years" Kong Ying: After Boling, the world will be king. Peng's surname originated from Ji's surname. "Wan's General Spectrum" says: "Zhi Zi is in Pengzhou because he thinks he is a surname." In fact, there are still some names that are easy to mispronounce, so I won't elaborate here.
In addition, it should be noted that there are two compound surnames, which are the most likely to be mistaken. "Wan Yi" should be pronounced "Mochi" and "Wei Chi" should be pronounced "Wei Chi".