The wind and smoke are clean, and the Tianshan Mountains are colorful. Floating from the stream, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu, Baili, Strange Mountains and Different Waters, chinese odyssey.
All the water is green and blue, and it reaches the bottom 1000 feet. You can swim with the fine stone and look directly at it. If fierce wave is in a hurry, the arrow will fly faster. The mountains near the shore are all cold trees, competing for novelty and beauty, competing for the high finger peak. Spring rock, crisp; Good birds sing, they rhyme. Cicadas are endless, and apes are endless. People flying in the sky, watching the peaks rest; He who is in charge of the affairs of the world looks at the valley and forgets to betray. The horizontal branches are covered, and the day is still faint; The thin strips set each other off, and sometimes the sun shines.
Selected from Cao Minggang's Notes on the Interpretation of Six Dynasties. Volume 7 (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1999). Zhu, Song's work, word Yushan, life is unknown. This is a fragment of a letter written by Wu Jun to Zhu.
Text note:
The wind and smoke are clean: the smoke is gone. Wind smoke refers to smoke.
* * * color: same color.
Drifting: To drift with the current (by boat). Follow, follow, follow.
From Fuyang Tonglu: Fuyang and Tonglu are both along the Fuchun River. Fuyang, downstream of Fuchun River. Tonglu, the middle reaches of Fuchun River.
Unique: unique.
Light green (Pio) blue: white with blue.
Look straight: you can go to the end without any obstacles. Describe this river as crystal clear.
Extraordinary arrows: more than arrows, faster than arrows. In order to keep the number of words neat, the middle word "Yu" is omitted.
Ben: This refers to a galloping horse.
Cold tree: hardy evergreen tree.
Fight against the negative potential: lean on the (high) mountain potential and fight against it.
Mystery: It means that all these trees seem to be scrambling to stretch high and far away. Xuan, Gao Miao, it's far away. These two words are used as verbs here,
Point: straight up, straight into the sky. Point.
Thousand peaks: refers to the formation of countless peaks.
Lingling: Make línɡ noise. Lingling, onomatopoeia, describes the clarity of underwater sound.
Xiangming: Mutual harmony.
Y ρ n π rhyme: it means that the sound is harmonious and beautiful. Melody, birdsong. Rhyming, harmonious voice.
A thousand turns: a long and persistent dog barking. Thousands means a lot. Pool, children's Yi, birdsong.
Endless: It means "endless". As opposed to "not poor" in the previous sentence.
Kites fly to the sky (Li): It means kites fly to the sky. This sentence is used here to describe those who strive to climb higher for fame and fortune. According to ancient records, a kite is a bird similar to an owl. Some people say it is a fierce bird, similar in shape to an eagle. Crime, to.
Relax by watching the peaks: seeing these majestic peaks will calm the heart that is keen on fame and fortune.
A person who manages social affairs. Economy, planning and management.
Look at the valley and forget: linger when you see the valley. "Reverse" means "return".
Cross-sectional crown: Trees covered with cross slopes. Ke, the branches of trees.
The day is still dim: even during the day, it is as dark as dusk.
Sparse branches meet each other: sparse branches cover each other.
translate
All the dust and haze have cleared away, and the sky and the mountain peaks show the same clear color. Let the boat drift with the current, whether it is east or west. From Fuyang to Tonglu, Baili Waterway, Qifeng Strange Water, chinese odyssey. Rivers are all green, and thousands of feet can be seen at the bottom. Swimming fish and thin pebbles can be seen clearly. Rapidly flowing water is faster than flying arrows, and surging river waves are like galloping horses. Cold-resistant evergreen trees grow on the high mountains between the two banks. The mountains rely on the terrain to strive for upward, one higher than the other. Strive to point directly at the sky and form a thousand peaks. The spring water hits the stone and makes a crisp sound; Good birds sing in harmony with each other and weave beautiful melodies. Cicadas can't finish singing, and apes can't finish singing. People whose careers are soaring will calm their passion for fame and fortune when they look at such a beautiful mountain peak; People who are busy planning and managing secular affairs all day will linger when they see such a beautiful valley. Oblique branches cover the sky above, even during the day, it is as dark as dusk; Sparse branches cover each other, sometimes missing some light spots.
Distinguish and appreciate
"The beauty of mountains and rivers has existed since ancient times." There are so many beautiful mountains and rivers that have attracted countless poets and poets to write poems and compose music, leaving many well-known landscape masterpieces for today. Among them, Wu Yun, a famous parallel prose writer in the Southern Dynasties, vividly described the beautiful scenery along the Fuchun River with only 144 words, and was regarded as a masterpiece of parallel prose. Reciting this article, but the beauty of scenery, emotion, words and chapters, such a short space, gives people a sense of beauty and is amazing.
First, the artistic conception is beautiful
At the beginning of the article, the background of Fuchun River landscape is outlined with concise brushstrokes-sunny, the sky is high and the clouds are light, the air is fresh, the mountains are green and the water is green. The overall impression given by Fuyang's water trip to Tonglu is "strange mountains and different waters, chinese odyssey".
The second paragraph is "different water". First, grasp its "light green" characteristics and write its crystal-clear static beauty: this water seems to be transparent, which can be seen at a glance, even the fish swimming around and the fine stones at the bottom can be seen at a glance. Then, through exaggerated metaphor, the dynamic beauty of its fast-flowing fierce wave is outlined: this water is sometimes fast-flowing, and it is breathtaking. In this way, there is movement in silence, and the combination of movement and static shows the beautiful and spectacular beauty of Fuchun River, highlighting the word "different".
The third paragraph says "Wonder Mountain". First of all, from the point of view of form, the strangeness of writing the mountain itself lies in "competing against the potential" and "competing for height" Yamamoto is still the same, but in the author's pen, it seems to have endless vitality to make progress. They seem to have left the earth and headed straight for the sky. If they want to go up, they will become "Thousand Peaks". Secondly, from the perspective of sound, write the wonder of empty mountains and the sound of nature. In the empty valley and deep mountains, springs tinkle, birds sing cicadas and apes cry. These cheerful voices converge into an ode to life, turning this silent valley into a lively, harmonious, happy and peaceful world. There are these lives in the mountains, and these lives give this mountain unlimited vitality. Thirdly, from the perspective of color, write the wonders of the sun in the mountains. Although it is sunny outside the mountain, it is a different scene inside. The author's brushwork changed from dynamic to static, and wrote a gloomy picture of the valley with dense branches and leaves and shaded by thick shade, and only "sometimes seeing the sun" during the day. In this passage, the color of the mountain voice is closely related to the word "strange".
Grasping the characteristics of this mountain and water, the author skillfully combines motion and stillness, sound and color, light and shadow, and paints a vibrant landscape for readers, so that readers can fully appreciate the "beauty of mountains and rivers" on both sides of Fuchun River.
Second, the beauty of interest
This paper is mainly about scenery writing, and there are few languages to write lyric records directly. But excellent articles have always paid attention to the coexistence of scenes. From the author's description of the scenery and a few words about impressions, we can appreciate the author's elegant taste and noble feelings. We can feel a kind of freedom, freedom and freedom from the first sentence "go with the flow, anything will do"; From the description of the scenery, I realized the author's love for nature and freedom and praise for vitality. What is even more admirable is that when describing the mountain scenery, the author inserted two words of testimony: "Those who fly kites against the sky look at the peak and rest their hearts;" He who is in charge of the affairs of the world looks at the valley and forgets to betray. "These feelings not only set off the breathtaking charm of dangerous peaks and valleys from the side, but also conveyed the author's contempt for fame and fortune and his boredom with official career.
After careful consideration, the author's interest is not only different from active entry into the WTO, but also different from passive seclusion. It is a kind of admiration for relaxation and nature, a yearning for freedom and harmony, and a tribute to a happy life. It is less serious than the former, more natural and unrestrained, less pessimistic and more cheerful than the latter, so its mentality is more common, more acceptable and cordial.
Third, the language is beautiful.
Parallel prose is a formal style. The author Wu Yun is a famous parallel prose writer in the Southern Dynasties. His masterpiece A Letter with Zhu naturally keeps the characteristics of parallel prose. The article basically follows the requirements of parallel prose, mainly using four sentences and six sentences, and using a lot of antithetical sentences in the second half of the article, such as "Spring Rock makes a cold sound; Good birds sing in unison. ""cicadas are endless, apes are endless. " In this way, the expression effect of neat sentence pattern, harmonious phonology, ideological contrast and interest in each other is achieved, and it is catchy to read and has a strong sense of rhythm.
However, this paper is different from the general parallel prose at that time, which broke the shackles of parallel prose form to a certain extent and embodied valuable breakthroughs and innovations. First, in the four sentences and six sentences, "those who fly kites against the sky, look at the peak and rest;" The sentence pattern of alternating five-character and four-character avoids the disadvantages of rigid parallel prose and makes the language lively and free; Secondly, there is almost no duality in the first half of the article, which is no different from general prose (especially the first section). The second half is basically neat antithetical sentences with flexible and rhythmic language. Third, the article does not pile up allusions like ordinary parallel prose, and even deliberately uses coldness. In addition to the allusion of "kite flying against the sky", the full text adopts the method of sketching to convey the spirit accurately, making the language of the article look fresh, natural, vivid and smooth, and stand out from the crowd in the mainstream parallel prose at that time.
Fourth, the structure is beautiful.
Although Zhu Yu's books are short in length, they are also well organized.
The first paragraph of the article leads the whole article with the word "strange mountain and strange water, chinese odyssey", while the second and third paragraphs are divided into two aspects: "strange water" and "strange mountain", which are described around the word "unparalleled" with clear structure and distinct context.
The order of scenery description is "water" first and then "mountain", from near to far, spread out layer by layer, which is in line with the viewing habit of "drifting from the stream" and is well organized.
In the focus of landscape description, the full text details "mountain" and slightly writes "water"; Write the part of "water", the details are static, and the dynamics are slightly written; Write the "mountain" part, write the dynamic part in detail, and write the static part slightly. This not only highlights the main features of the scenery, but also appears meticulous and decent.
Reading this book with Zhu is like reading a good poem, because it is not only poetic with meaningful words and harmonious syllables, but also full of fresh and elegant poetry; Reading "The Book with Zhu" is like enjoying a landscape, because it has a unique landscape and is more clear and free. In a word, this article has beautiful scenery and beautiful words, which can give us beautiful enjoyment and spiritual pleasure.
Brief introduction of the author
Wu Yun (469-520) was born in Xing Wu (now Anji County, Zhejiang Province). Famous litterateurs in Southern Dynasties. He was invited to the court (an idle civil servant) to describe the natural beauty of mountains and rivers, with a honest and frank style and certain artistic achievements. When people imitate his style, it is called "Wu Junti".
All the dust and fog have cleared away, and the sky and the mountain peaks show the same clear color. Let the boat drift with the current, whether it is east or west. From Fuyang to Tonglu, Baili Waterway, Qifeng Strange Water, chinese odyssey. Rivers are all green, and thousands of feet can be seen at the bottom. Swimming fish and thin pebbles can be seen clearly. Rapidly flowing water is faster than flying arrows, and surging river waves are like galloping horses. Cold-resistant evergreen trees grow on the high mountains between the two banks. The mountains rely on the terrain to strive for upward, one higher than the other. Strive to point directly at the sky and form a thousand peaks. The spring water hits the stone and makes a crisp sound; Good birds sing in harmony with each other and weave beautiful melodies. Cicadas can't finish singing, and apes can't finish singing. People whose careers are soaring will calm their passion for fame and fortune when they look at such a beautiful mountain peak; People who are busy planning and managing secular affairs all day will linger when they see such a beautiful valley. Cross-sloping branches cover the sun, even during the day, it is as dark as dusk; Sparse branches cover each other, sometimes missing some light spots.
Brief introduction of author Wu Jun
Wu Yun (469 ~ 520) was a writer in the Southern Liang Dynasty. Grandpa Yao was born in (now Anji, Zhejiang). A formal invitation from the court. General history. His literary skills are good at writing landscapes, especially essays and letters, with clear pronunciation and mellow voice, which shows his life interest of indulging in landscapes; When people imitate it, it is called "Wu Junti". He can also write poems, the original collection has been lost, and the Ming Dynasty compiled "Wu Chao Please Collection". Don't have a novel "Continued Harmony".
Parallel prose:
Also known as "parallel prose", it is a style opposite to prose, which originated in the late Han Dynasty, formed in the Wei and Jin Dynasties and prevailed in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The biggest feature of parallel prose is that it pays attention to antithesis, which is the so-called "parallel couple". The whole article is dominated by even sentences, forming upper and lower couplets with the same number of words. Syntactic structure is symmetrical, and part of speech and meaning are paired with each other. Sentences usually alternate between four sentences and six sentences. Therefore, this style was called four or six sentences in the late Tang Dynasty and parallel prose in the Qing Dynasty. Parallel prose has a great influence on the development of literary language after Tang and Song Dynasties, especially the development of metrical poems and rhymes. However, due to the excessive pursuit of form, parallel prose gradually moves towards formalism, which hinders the expression of ideological content and becomes the shackles of the article (shackles and handcuffs refer to things that bind people or things).
It expresses the author's praise for life, nostalgia, contempt for fame and indifferent thoughts and feelings.
Expressed the author's love for mountains and rivers and his thoughts and feelings of despising fame and fortune.