According to Brukiel's record (A. Dictionary of Economic Products of Malay Peninsula, 206. 1966), Columbus discovered America in 1492. Soon after, Spain sent Oviedo to Haiti as the chief resource manager, and Oviedo was appointed in 1565438+65438+. He recorded that peanuts had been planted in large quantities in Indian gardens at that time.
Flora of Linnaeus (1753) records that peanuts are native to Brazil and Peru. Hutchinson (Evolution and Physiology of Flowering Plants, 1964) recorded that peanuts originated in tropical America.
The earliest American ancient book Brazil has a description of peanut plant morphology. Archaeologists unearthed well-preserved carbonized peanuts more than 2,000 years ago in the ancient tomb of Ankong Town in northern Lima, Peru. Ancient Indians called peanuts "Anhuk", and Indians planted peanuts as crops for a long time. After Columbus discovered the New World in A.D. 1492, early navigators brought peanut pods from South America to Spain as exotic food.
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Besides protein, nitrogen-containing substances also contain amino acids, such as γ-methylene glutamic acid, γ-amino-α-methylene butyric acid, lecithin, purine and alkaloids: peanut alkali, betaine and choline, which are actually impure choline. ?
Seeds also contain triterpenoid saponins. The unsaponifiable substances in cotyledons and hypocotyls of seeds are mainly sterols, stigmasterol, campesterol, cholesterol and 24- methylene cholesterol. The seed coat contains lipids, including hydrocarbon 17. 1%, sterol ester 12.4%, triglyceride 8.4%, diglyceride 9.9%, monoglyceride 25.2% and free fatty acid 3.9%.
It also contains a considerable amount of sterols, 7% catechol tannins, a small amount of ochratoxin and anthocyanins, such as colorless cyanidins and colorless delphinidins, and also contains peanut glycosides that cause goiter. The outer shell contains glycosides with cardiovascular effects (1, 3, diphenyl propylene glycol-1, 2- ketone -3 substitute).
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