Works of Chinese Writers
(1) Spring and Autumn Period
l·The Book of Songs was originally called "Poetry" and later became known as "Three Hundred Poems" . Famous chapters include "Guan Sui", "Meng", "Fa Tan", "Shuo Shu" and "July". The earliest collection of Chinese poetry. It contains 305 poems from the early Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, divided into three categories: "Wind", "Elegance" and "Song". He created the tradition of literary realism in my country and is listed as one of the "Five Classics" (Poetry, Book, Rites, Yi, and Spring and Autumn).
2. Confucius, named Qiu, also known as Zhongni, also known as Nifu and Holy Father, was a native of Lu and the founder of Confucianism. The book was compiled by Confucius's disciples and his disciples. The main works are 20 chapters of "The Analects of Confucius". The first two characters of each chapter are used as the title of the chapter, such as "Xue Er", "Wei Zheng", etc. It records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and represents the basic thoughts of Confucius. The philosophical prose of various philosophers, in the form of quotations, is listed as one of the "Four Books" (The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Doctrine of the Mean, and The Great Learning).
3. Zuo Qiuming, historian of the State of Lu. The main work is "Zuo Zhuan", the full name of "Zuo Zhuan" is "Zuo Shi Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period", also known as "Zuo Shi Chun Qiu". "Zhuan" is the text that explains the scriptures. "The Battle of Cao GUI", "The Battle of Wei", "Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Army", etc. are selected from this book. my country's first chronological history book and historical prose with detailed narrative. It records the historical facts of the Spring and Autumn Period and is rich in literary quality.
(2) Warring States Period
4. Mencius, named Ke and Yu Ziyu, was a representative figure of Confucianism during the Warring States Period and was known as the "Less Sage". The book was edited by his disciples. The main works are the 7th chapter of "Mencius", and the first few words of each chapter are used as the title of the chapter, such as "King Hui of Liang", "Gongsun Chou", "Gaozi", etc. It records Mencius’ thoughts and political speeches. Philosophical prose by various scholars, one of the "Four Books". Mencius was good at argumentation and good at using metaphors, and had a great influence on the development of argumentative prose in later generations.
5. Liezi, named Yukou (圉寇), was a Taoist predecessor. The main work is "Liezi", also known as "Chongxu Zhenjing", which is the philosophical prose of various philosophers. "The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountains" comes from this book.
6·Zhuangzi, named Zhou, is known as the Master of Nanhua and is a representative figure of Taoism. The main work is "Zhuangzi", also known as "Nanhua Sutra". There are 33 chapters in existence. Philosophical prose, with a strong romanticism color, has a great influence on later literature.
7·Xunzi, named Kuang, is respectfully called Qing. To avoid the taboo of Liu Xun, Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, he was renamed Sun Qing. His main works are "Xunzi", among which "Encouragement to Learning" and "Tian Lun" are the most representative. Another "Fu Pian" had an impact on the rise of Han Fu. An ideological system with Confucianism as the main body and legalism and other schools of thought was established. Han Fei and Li Si are both successors of his rule of law thought. It belongs to the philosophical prose of various scholars. Li Si's representative work is the argumentative essay "Book of Remonstrance and Chasing Guests".
8·Han Fei is the master of Legalism. The main work is "Han Feizi", and the 55 chapters in the book, such as "Bian Falcon Meets Duke Huan of Cai", "Five Beetles", and "Nanguo Scholars", etc. are all from this book. Philosophical prose, a representative work of Pre-Qin Legalists.
9·Lü Buwei, Prime Minister of Qin, gathered his disciples to compile "Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals". "Lu Shi Chun Qiu", also known as "Lu Lan", has 160 chapters. "Cha Jin", "Cha Zhuan", etc. come from this book. It is included in the philosophical prose of various scholars and is a representative work of the Zajia family.
10·Qu Yuan, named Ping. my country's first patriotic and romantic poet, who created the new poetry style of Chu Ci, is listed as a world cultural celebrity. His main works are "Li Sao", "Nine Songs" including (11 chapters such as "Mountain Ghost", "National Memorial"), "Heavenly Questions" and "Nine Chapters" including ("She Jiang", "Sorrow", "Ode to Orange" 9 articles etc.). Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty compiled the book "Chu Ci", with Qu as the main subject. Because it has a strong local color of Chu State, it is called "Chu Ci". Later generations called this poetry style "Chu Ci Style" and "Sao Style". It created the tradition of romanticism in Chinese poetry. The national style in "Li Sao" and "The Book of Songs" were both called "coquettish" and became synonymous with "literature".
11. "Warring States Policy", 33 articles. "Jing Ke Assassinates the King of Qin", "Zou Ji Satirizes the King of Qi and Accepts Remonstrance", "Tang Ju Fulfills His Mission", etc. all come from this book. Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty compiled it based on historical materials. National-style history books and historical prose mainly record the political opinions and struggle strategies proposed by counselors and counselors during the Warring States Period when they lobbied the princes or debated with each other, as well as their political activities. It had a great influence on the creation of prose and poetry in later generations.
(3) Han Dynasty
12. Jia Yi, also known as Jia Sheng, Jia Changsha, Jia Taifu. His main works are 58 chapters in ten volumes of "New Book". "On the Passage of Qin" (Parts 1, 2 and 3) comes from this book. There are also memorials such as "On Ji Chu Shu", "Ode to Qu Yuan" and other poems, and "On Guo Qin", which pioneered "historical theory". His poems inherited Chu Ci and inspired Han poems, which had a great influence.
13. Liu An was granted the title of King of Huainan. The main work is "Huainanzi", also known as "Huainan Honglie". Stories such as "Nu Wa mending the sky", "Hou Yi shooting the sun", "Chang'e flying to the moon" and other stories come from this.
14·Sima Qian·Zi Chang, also known as Tai Shigong, or Shi Qian for short. Together with Sima Guang, he is known as the "Two Sima in History". , and Ban Gu are called "Ban Ma". The main work is "Historical Records", also known as "Tai Shi Gong Shu". There are 130 chapters in the book, including 12 chronicles, 8 books, 10 tables, 30 aristocratic families, and 70 biographies. "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru", "Hongmen Banquet", "Mao Sui Recommends Himself", "The Biography of Qu Yuan", "Xinling Jun Stealing Talisman to Save Zhao" and so on come from this book. Historical Essays.
my country's first general history in the form of biographies, which pioneered five styles: Benji, family, biographies, lists and books, and is known as "real records and trustworthy history". Lu Xun praised it as "the swan song of a historian, a rhymeless lisao", one of the "double gems" of history ("Historical Records", "Zizhi Tongjian"), and the first "three histories" ("Historical Records", "Hanshu", "Hanshu" and "Zi Zhi Tongjian"). "Book of the Later Han Dynasty"), the first of the "Four Histories" ("Historical Records", "Book of Han Dynasty", "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", "Three Kingdoms").
15. Ban Gu, courtesy name Meng Jian, is one of the "Banma". The main work is "Han Shu". "Su Wu Zhuan" comes from this. He created the chronological and biographical history book style and was one of the former "Three Histories" and "Four Histories".
16·Yuefu, famous works include "Sang on the Mosque", "Long Song Xing", "Shangxie", "Fifteenth Military Expedition", and "Peacock Flies Southeast". The first four can be found in "Collection of Yuefu Poems" compiled by Guo Maoqian in the Song Dynasty (Southern Dynasty), and the latter can be found in "New Odes of Yutai" compiled by Xu Ling in the Southern Dynasty. "The Peacock Flying Southeast" is the longest narrative poem in ancient my country, and together with "Mulan Poetry", it is called the "Twin Jewels of Yuefu".
Common knowledge of Chinese and foreign literature (2)
(4) Three Kingdoms, Two Jins, Southern and Northern Dynasties
17. Cao Cao, nicknamed Ah Man, courtesy name Meng De, was honored as Emperor Wu. , the first of the "Three Cao". The main work is "Collection of Emperor Wu of Wei". His representative works include "Bitter Cold Journey", "The Turtle Sustains Longevity", "Dan Ge Xing", "Guan Cang Hai", etc. It belongs to Yuefu Song Ci. Create a new trend of "Jian'an style". Lu Xun called him "the ancestor of reforming articles."
18·Cao Zhi, whose courtesy name was Zijian, was named King Chen, posthumously named Si, and was later called King Chen Si, one of the "Three Caos". The main works are "Cao Zijian Collection". His representative works include "Noda Yellow Bird Walk", "Seven-step Poetry", "Luo Shen Fu", "Liangdu Fu", and "White Horse Pian". Cao Pi, courtesy name Zihuan. The "Seven Sons of Jian'an" are Kong Rong, Chen Lin, Wang Can, Xu Qian, Ruan Yu (yǔ), Ying Yu (yáng), and Liu Zhen. Wang Can's "Seven Sorrow Poems" has the highest achievement. "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove". The "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" are friendly to each other and often "travel in the bamboo forest". They are Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Ruan Xian, Wang Rong and Liu Ling.
19·Zhuge Liang, also known as Kongming, also known as Wolong, was granted the title of Marquis of Wuxiang. There is "Zhuge Liang Collection", and "Chu Shi Biao" comes from this.
20·Chen Shou, courtesy name Chengzuo. The main work is "Three Kingdoms". "Longzhong Dui" comes from this.
21·Qianbao, named Lingsheng. The main work is "Sou Shen Ji". "Moxie" and "The Filial Wife of the East China Sea" all stem from this. It is one of the earliest collections of short stories in my country, mostly stories about strange things.
22. Tao Yuanming, a Qian with a courtesy name of Yuanliang, nicknamed Mr. Wuliu, posthumous title Jingjie, is my country's first outstanding pastoral poet. There is "Tao Yuanming Collection". His representative works include "Preface to Peach Blossom Spring Poems", "Come Back and Come Back", "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", "Drinking", etc.
23·Fan Ye, author of "Book of the Later Han Dynasty". "Leyang's Wife", "Zhang Heng's Biography", etc. come from this. A chronicle of chronological history, one of the former "Four Histories".
24·Liu Yiqing, attacked and granted the title of King of Linchuan. His main work is "Shishuo", which was called "Shishuo New Book" in the Tang Dynasty and "Shishuo Xinyu" in the Song Dynasty. "Zhou Chu", "Chen Taiqiu and His Friends" and so on come from this book. It is a notebook novel that records the anecdotes of people in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It is opposite to the "novel about people and people" and can be regarded as the beginning of "novel about people and people".
25·Liu Xie, courtesy name Yanhe, became a monk in his later years and was famous for his Dharma name Huidi. The main work is "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons", which is my country's first literary theory monograph.
26·Northern Dynasty Yuefu, famous works such as "Mulan Poems", "Cele Song", and "Song of Folding Willows" were included in "Yuefu Poetry Collection". Among them, "Mulan Poetry" is one of the "Two Jewels of Yuefu".
(5) Tang
27. Wang Bo, courtesy name Zian, is one of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" (the other three are Luo Binwang, Lu Zhaolin, and Yang Jiong). The main works are "Wang Zi'an Ji", among which "Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou" and "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" are the most famous. He has the highest achievement among the "Four Elites".
28·He Zhizhang, whose courtesy name is Jizhen, calls himself Siming Kuangke. His main works are "Ode to the Willows" and "Returning to Hometown".
29·Wang Zhihuan, courtesy name Ji Ling. His main works are "Liangzhou Ci" and "Climbing the Crane and Que Tower". The quatrains "Liangzhou Ci" is known as "the most outstanding quatrains in the Tang Dynasty". Belongs to the frontier poetry school.
30·Meng Haoran, a native of Xiangyang. The first person to write a large number of landscape poems in the Tang Dynasty was as famous as Wang Wei and was known as "Wang Meng" in the world. The main works are "Passing the Old Friend's Village", "Spring Dawn", etc., which are compiled into "Meng Xiangyang Collection".
31·Wang Changling, named Shaobo, was from Jiangning. He once served as Lieutenant Long Biao and was known as King Long Biao in the world. He was known as the "Sage Hand of Qijue" because he was good at writing Qijue. His main works are "Out of the Fortress" and "On the Military March". Later generations compiled "Wang Changling Collection". He is good at frontier fortress poems and palace resentment poems.
32. Wang Wei, whose courtesy name was Mojie, was promoted to Shangshu Youcheng, so he was called Wang Youcheng. Poet and painter. Together with Meng Haoran, he is a representative of the Pastoral Landscape School in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The main works are "Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi" (also known as "Yangguan Song"), "Bird Song Stream", "Acacia", "Watching Hunting", "Wangchuan Leisurely Residence and Present Pei Xiucai Di", etc. It was compiled into "Collection of Wang Youcheng". Su Shi praised it as "painting within poetry" and "poetry within painting".
33·Gao Shi, courtesy name Dafu, once served as a regular servant of Sanqi, and was known as Gao Changshi in the world. He is as famous as Cen Shen and is also called "Gao Cen". They are both representatives of the frontier fortress poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His main works are "Yan Ge Xing", "Farewell to Dong Da", etc., and later generations compiled "The Collection of Gao Changshi".
34. Li Bai, also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi, is another great romantic poet in ancient my country after Qu Yuan, and is known as the "Immortal of Poetry" in the world. He is as famous as Du Fu and is known as "Li Du". One of the three great poets of the Tang Dynasty. The main works are "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Farewell", "The Road to Shu is Difficult", "Midnight Wu Song", "Looking at Tianmen Mountain", "Qiupu Song", "Autumn Climbing Xie Tiao North Tower in Xuancheng", etc. The Collection of Li Taibai is the pinnacle of classical poetry art. Han Yu praised: "Li Du's articles are still there, and the glory is endless."
35. Du Fu, also known as Zimei, calls himself Du Lingye Lao. Supplements and Du Gong Department. His poems are another artistic peak of realistic poetry after the Book of Songs. As famous as Li Bai, he is known as the "Sage of Poetry" and "History of Poetry". One of the three great poets of the Tang Dynasty. The main works are "The Troops on the Road", "Spring Look", "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind", "Hearing that the Official Army Takes Henan and Hebei", "Three Officials" ("Xin'an Officials", "Shihao Officials", "Tongguan Officials" Officials") and "Three Farewells" ("Farewell to the Newlyweds", "Farewell to the Elderly", "Farewell to the Homeless"), etc., were compiled into the "Collection of Du Gongbu". The first and most famous Yuefu poems directly promoted the New Yuefu Movement headed by Bai Juyi.
36·Cen Shen, once served as the governor of Jiazhou, known as Cen Jiazhou in the world. An important representative of the Frontier Poetry School. The main works are "Bai Xuege Sends Magistrate Wu Back to Beijing", "Meeting Envoys Entering Beijing", etc., which are compiled into "Cen Jiazhou Poetry Collection".
37·Meng Jiao, courtesy name Dongye. Together with Jia Dao, he is a famous bitter poet. The main works are "Autumn Embrace", "Poems of Poor Women", "Wandering Son's Song", etc., which are compiled into "Meng Dongye Poetry Collection". Together with Jia Dao, he is known as "Jiao Han Dao Slim". It is longer than five words and has many cold and bitter sounds.
38. Han Yu, whose courtesy name was Tuizhi, was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, posthumous title Wen, and was known as Han Libu and Han Wengong in the world. He called himself Jun Wangchangli and was known as Han Changli in the world. An advocate of the classical prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, he was the leader of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Together with Liu Zongyuan, they are called "Han Liu". The main works are "Shi Shuo", "Ma Shuo", "Original Destruction", "Jinxue Jie", "Sacrifice to Twelve Langs", etc., which are compiled into "Collection of Mr. Changli". He advocated restoring the prose tradition of the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties, abandoning the parallel prose style since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, advocating the enrichment of article content, and "only stating matters." In poetry creation, he advocates "using text as poetry" and strives for novelty.
39·Liu Yuxi, also known as Mengde, once served as the guest of the prince and was known as Liu's guest in the world. Together with Liu Zongyuan, he is known as "Liu Liu", and with Bai Juyi, he is known as "Liu Bai". The main works are "Inscriptions on Humble Rooms", "Woyi Alley", "Bamboo Branch Poems", etc., which are compiled into "Collected Works of Liu Guests" and "Collected Works of Liu Mengde".
40·Bai Juyi, whose courtesy name was Letian and his nickname was Xiangshan Jushi. The main advocate of the New Yuefu Movement in the mid-Tang Dynasty and one of the three great poets of the Tang Dynasty. Together with Yuan Zhen, he is known as "Yuan Bai". His main works are "Qin Zhongyin", "New Yuefu" (including "Charcoal Seller", etc.), "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "Pipa Xing", etc. He compiled it into "Bai's Changqing Collection" and later compiled it into "Bai Xiangshan Poetry Collection". . He is the inheritor of the realist tradition and advocates that "articles are written according to the time, and songs and poems are written according to the situation." A representative of the Popular School, it is said that anyone who is an old woman can understand it.
41·Liu Zongyuan, courtesy name Zihou, was from Hedong, known as Liuhedong. He once served as the governor of Liuzhou, also known as Liuliuzhou. One of the leaders of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, he was known as "Han Liu" together with Han Yu. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His main works are "The Story of the Snake Catcher", "Three Commandments" (including "The Donkey of Guizhou"), "Eight Records of Yongzhou" (including proses such as "The Story of Xiaoshitan", "Tongqu Biography"), "The Fisherman", "Jiang Xue" and other poems. It was concluded as "Liuhe East Collection". He was the first Chinese writer to formally write fables as independent literary works, opening up a new stage in the development of ancient Chinese fable literature.
42·Li He, whose courtesy name is Changji. The main works are "Yanmen Taishou's Journey", "Golden Bronze Immortal Ci Han Song", etc., which are compiled into "Changgu Collection". His works have strange imagination, magnificent words, romantic color and unique style. Known as Li Guicai.
Common sense about Chinese and foreign literature (3)
43·Du Mu, also known as Muzhi, also known as Xiao Du, is as famous as Li Shangyin and is also called "Xiao Li Du". In his later years, he lived in Fanchuan Villa and was nicknamed Du Fanchuan. The main works are "Afanggong Fu", "Jiangnan Spring Quatrains", "Qingming", "Moving at Qinhuai", "Autumn Eve", etc. It was compiled into "Collected Works of Fan Chuan". He is especially good at the Seven Laws and Seven Jue. The prose tendency of the poems had a great influence on later generations.
44·Li Shangyin, also known as Yishan, also known as Yuxisheng and Fannansheng. The main works are "A Hundred Rhymes in the Western Suburbs", "Le Youyuan", "Jin Se", "Untitled", etc., which are compiled into "Li Yishan Poetry Collection" and "Fan Nan Collected Works". "A Journey to the Western Suburbs Composing a Hundred Rhymes" is a long political poem. Most of the poems in "Untitled" take love as the theme, are lingering and beautiful, and have hazy images, which will have a great influence on future generations.
45·Li Yu, courtesy name Chongguang, was the ruler of the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties, and was known as Empress Li in the world. His main works are "Poppy Poppies", "Meeting Happily", "Lang Tao Sha Ling", etc., which together with his father's poems are engraved as "Two Main Ci Poems of the Southern Tang Dynasty". Wang Guowei said: "When the poets came to Li Houzhu, their horizons began to expand, and their emotions became deeper, so they changed from the lyrics of Ling Gong to the lyrics of scholar-bureaucrats."
(Six) Song Dynasty
46·Fan Zhongyan, courtesy name Xiwen, posthumous title Wenzheng. The main works are "Yueyang Tower", "The Proud Fisherman", etc., which are compiled into "Fan Wenzhenggong Collection". His poetry and prose pioneered the boldness of Song poetry.
47·Liu Yong, formerly known as Sanbian, also known as Qiqing, also known as Liu Qi and Liu Tuntian. His main works are "Yulin Ring", "Eight Sounds of Ganzhou", etc., and a "Collection of Movements" has been handed down to the world.
A large number of slow words (long tunes) were created, which expanded the institutional capacity of words and improved the expressive ability of words.
48·Yan Shu, named Tongshu, posthumous title Yuanxian. His main works are "Huanxisha", "Die Lianhua", etc., and his "Zhuyu Ci" and "Manyuan Xian's Posthumous Documents" are preserved. Especially good at Xiaoling, with a leisurely and elegant style and a wealthy atmosphere.
49·Ouyang Xiu, courtesy name Yongshu, nickname Drunken Old Man, Liuyi layman, posthumous title Wenzhong. A leader in the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty and one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His main works are the "New Book of Tang" co-edited with Song Qi, and the "New History of the Five Dynasties" (the "Preface to the Biography of Lingguan" comes from this). There are "The Drunkard's Pavilion", "Qiu Sheng Fu", "Six Words", etc., which are compiled into "Ouyang Wenzhong Collection". "June 1 Poetry Talk" is the first poetry talk in my country.
50·Su Xun, courtesy name Mingyun, nicknamed Laoquan. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", together with Zishu and Zhe, they are collectively known as the "Three Sus". His major works include "Jiayou Collection" (the "Six Kingdoms" is derived from this). His works are mainly historical and political commentaries.
51·Zeng Gong, courtesy name Zigu, posthumous title Wending. A native of Nanfeng, also known as Mr. Nanfeng. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". The main work is "Yuanfeng Lei Manuscript" (named after the year number).
52·Wang Anshi, whose courtesy name was Jiefu and whose name was Banshan, was granted the title of Duke of Jing. He was known as Wang Jinggong and Wang Wengong in the world. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His major works include "Traveling to Baochan Mountain", "Injury to Zhongyong", "Yuan Ri", "Boating the Boat on Guazhou", etc., which span across Linchuan and are collected into "Wang Linchuan Collection". He was hailed by Lenin as "China's eleventh century reformer".
53·Sima Guang, courtesy name Junshi, was granted the title of Duke of Wen, Yi Wenzheng, a native of Sushui Township, and was known as Mr. Sushui in the world. One of the "Two Sima in History". His main works are the editor-in-chief "Zi Zhi Tong Jian". "The Battle of Chibi" and "The Battle of Feishui" both stem from this. It is the largest chronological general history of our country, recording 1362 years of historical facts from the Warring States Period to the Five Dynasties. One of the "Double Jewels" in history books.
54·Shen Kuo·Cunzhong. In his later years, he lived in Mengxi Garden. The main work is "Mengxi Bi Tan". "Collecting Herbs", "Yandang Mountain", and "Trapboard" are from this book.
55·Su Shi, named Zizhan, also known as Dongpo Jushi. Overflowing with loyalty. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", he is also known as the "Four Masters of the Song Dynasty" together with Cai Nang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Di in calligraphy. His main works include "Ode to Red Cliff", "Records of Shizhong Mountain", "Inscriptions on the West Linbi", "Shui Diao Ge Tou", "Nian Nu Jiao", etc., which are compiled into "Collected Works of Dongpo". The greatest scholar of the Song Dynasty. Can "create new ideas in the laws and regulations, and send wonderful principles in the bold and unrestrained". Created the bold style of poetry. Together with Han Yu, he is known as "Han Chao Su Hai".
56 Su Che, courtesy name Ziyou, is one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". The main work is "Luancheng Collection".
57·Li Qingzhao, named Yi An Jushi. The main works include "Wulingchun", "Like a Dream", "Slow Sound", etc., which are summarized as "Shuyu Ci". The most important female poet in ancient times, she was the most accomplished among the Wanyue Ci School in the Song Dynasty.
58·Lu You, named Wu Guan, also known as Fang Weng. Known as "Little Li Bai". The main works are "Book of Anger", "Shi'er", "The Hairpin Head Phoenix", etc. It was compiled into "Jiannan Poetry Draft", "Weinan Collected Works", and "Lao Xue Mo's Notes". The most prolific poet in ancient China (with more than 9,000 poems).
59·Xin Qiji, also known as You'an and Jiaxuan, was also called "Su Xin" together with Su Shi. Known as the "dragon of words". The main work is "Jia Xuan Long Short Sentences". His famous works include "Moyu'er", "Yong Yu Le", "Qing Ping Le", etc. Those who achieved outstanding achievements in Song Ci inherited and developed Su Shi's bold style of poetry and expanded the scope of expression of Ci.
60·Jiang Kui, also known as Yaozhang, also known as Baishi Taoist. The main work is "Songs of Taoist Baishi". "Yangzhou Slow" and so on come from this.
61·Wen Tianxiang, courtesy name Song Rui, Lu Shan, nicknamed Wenshan, is a national hero. His major works are "Song of Righteousness", "Crossing the Lingding Ocean", and "Afterword of "Guide Record"". There is "The Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan". His patriotism is passionate and moving.
(Seven) Yuan Dynasty
62·Guan Hanqing (character), named Yizhai, nicknamed Jizhaisou. Together with Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan, they are also known as the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera". The first great dramatist in ancient my country and a world cultural celebrity. His main works are "(Touch Heaven and Earth) Dou E's Injustice", "Rescuing Feng Chen", "Wangjiang Pavilion", "Single Sword Club", etc.
63·Wang Shifu (character), named Dexin. His main work is "The Romance of the West Chamber", which is the longest play in the Yuan Dynasty (five books and 21 folds) and one of the most successful works in Yuan drama. Zheng Guangzu, courtesy name Dehui. The main work is "A Chinese Girl Leaving the Soul".
64·Ma Zhiyuan, courtesy name Qianli, nicknamed Dongli. One of the "Four Masters" of Yuan Opera. His main works are the drama "Autumn in the Han Palace" and the Sanqu "Tianjingsha·Autumn Thoughts", etc. He is one of the most accomplished authors of Yuan Sanqu in "Dongli Yuefu".
65·Zhang Yanghao, courtesy name Ximeng. No. Yunzhuang. The main work is "Residence in Yunzhuang, a Small Yuefu". Among them, "Shanshan Sheep·Tong Guan Guan" is the most successful.
66·Sui Jingchen, courtesy name Jingxian, his main work is the suite "Shaobian·The Return of Emperor Gaozu".
General Knowledge of Chinese and Foreign Literature (4)
(8) Ming Dynasty
67·Shi Naian, the main work is "The Legend of Loyalty", referred to as "Water Margin" There are 100-chapter version, 120-chapter version and 70-chapter version. It is my country's first chapter-length novel that reflects the peasant uprising, and it had a huge impact on later generations of peasant uprisings.
68·Luo Guanzhong, famous as Huhai Sanren, was the first writer in China to devote himself to creating popular novels.
His major works include "The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms" (referred to as "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"), "The Chronicles of the Sui and Tang Dynasties", and "The Legend of Sansui Pingyao". "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is my country's first full-length historical chapter novel. One of the Four Great Wonders ("Water Margin", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Journey to the West", "Jin Ping Mei").
69·Wu Chengen, also known as Ruzhong, was born in Sheyangshan. The main work is "Western Flood", which is a famous long-length novel about gods and demons. It is the most brilliant mythological work in classical literature and marks a new peak of romantic literature.
70·Gui Youguang, courtesy name Xifu and nickname Zhenchuan. The main work is "Collected Works of Zhenchuan". ("Xiang Ji Xuan Zhi", "Xian Concubine's Story", etc.). He admired the ancient prose of the Tang and Song Dynasties and was called the "Tang and Song School".
71. Tang Xianzu, whose courtesy name means still, also known as Ruoshi, also known as Hairuo, was from Linchuan. The main works are "The Peony Pavilion" (also known as "The Return of the Soul", "The Purple Hairpin", "The Handan" and "The Nanke") collectively known as "The Four Dreams of Yumingtang", also known as "The Four Dreams of Linchuan". It is a masterpiece of romanticism.
72. Feng Menglong, also known as Mohanzhaizhuzhu, also known as Mohanzhaizhuzhu, and Gu Qusanren. His main works are the edited collection of short stories "Sanyan." The 120 chapters of "The Old Man in the Garden Meet the Fairy at Night", "Eternal Words to Awaken the World", and "The Warning Words to the World" are derived from this "Three Words" and "The Surprise at the First Carving of the Case" written by Ling Meng. "Er Mo Pai An Surprise" is collectively called "Three Words and Two Pai", which represents the highest achievement of the Ming Dynasty script.
73. Zhang Pu, courtesy name Tianru, is the leader of "Fu She". "Qi Lu Zhai Ji" and "The Tombstones of Five People" appeared here.
(9) Qing Dynasty
74·Hong Sheng, whose courtesy name was Fangsi and whose name was Baiqi. "The Palace of Eternal Life" (legend) tells the love story of Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang.
75. Kong Shangren, also known as Dongtang and Yuntingshanren, is mainly known as "Peach Blossom Fan" (legend). A historical drama about the demise of the Southern Ming Dynasty.
76·Pu Songling, also known as Liuquan Jushi, is known as Mr. Liaozhai. His main works are "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio", "Wolf", "Xi Fangping", "Laoshan Taoist", "Painted Skin", etc. are famous collections of classical Chinese short stories in ancient my country that reflect reality in the form of talking about ghosts and foxes.
77·Fang Bao, courtesy name Linggao. No. Wangxi, a native of Tongcheng, Anhui. His main works are "The Complete Notes of Mr. Zuo Zhongyi" and other works. He is the founder of Tongcheng School, which means "righteousness". "Words have things", "fa" means "words are orderly", and the language style pursues elegance and purity.
78·Wu Jingzi, courtesy name Wenmu, Minxuan's main work is "The Scholars" <. /p>
79·Yuan Mei, courtesy name Zicai, also known as Jianzhai, is the owner of Suiyuan. His main works include "Collected Works of Xiaocang Shanfang" and "Huang Sheng's Theory of Borrowing Books". "Suiyuan Poetry Talk", etc. On poetry, he advocated the expression of temperament and created the theory of "spiritual nature", which was dissatisfied with the Confucian theory of "poetry".
80. Cao Xueqin, named Mengruan, also known as Xueqin. Qinpu, Qinxi. The main work "Dream of Red Mansions" (continued by Gao E 40 chapters) is the greatest realist classical novel. It uses the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu as a clue to describe the four great heroes Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue. The rise and fall of the family reflects the declining fate of feudal society.
81·Yao Nai, whose main work is "Xi Baoxuan Poetry Collection". He is one of the founders of the "Tongcheng School" and advocates the combination of "righteousness", "textual criticism" and "ci Zhang". He is also known as the "Three Patriarchs of Tongcheng" along with Fang Bao and Liu Dakui.
82·Li Ruzhen. Written by Song Shi. His main work is "Jinghuayuan", which uses romantic techniques to write fantasy scenes, such as "The Country of Gentlemen", "The Country of Women", "The Country of Two Faces", etc.
83·Gong Zizhen, courtesy name Seren and nickname Dingxu, was a pioneer of the bourgeois Enlightenment. His main works are "Bing Mei Guan Ji", "Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai", etc. The pioneering writer of modern literature.
84·Wu Woyao, named Jianren. Don’t label me as a Foshan person. His main works are condemnation novels such as "The Strange Current Situation Witnessed in Twenty Years" and "History of Pain".
85 Li Baojia, courtesy name Boyuan, also known as the Pavilion Chief of Nanting. The main work is "The Appearance of Officialdom" (the section "Making Taiwan and Meeting Foreigners" comes from this). It is also a novel of condemnation.
86·Liu E, courtesy name Tieyun, was born in Hongdu Bailiansheng. The main works are "Lao Can's Travels" and "Minghu Ju Tingshu" is one section.
87, Zeng Pu, whose main work is "The Flower of Evil", a condemnation novel.
In 88, Liang Qichao, also known as the owner of the Ice Drinking Room, had the courtesy name Zhuoru and the nickname Ren Gong. One of the representatives of the reformists. Together with Kang Youwei, they are collectively known as "Kangliang". His main works are "Tan Sitong", "Young China", etc. In "The Collection of Drinking Ice Room", he is the creator of the "new style": he aims to be accessible and accessible, sometimes mixed with slang, rhyme and foreign grammar, and he does not scruple everything he writes. Known as "the best and greatest journalist in modern China".
10) Modern and Contemporary
89·Lu Xun, whose original name was Zhou Shuren and whose courtesy name was Hencai. A great writer, thinker, revolutionary, and the leader of China's cultural revolution. "I send my message to the cold star in Tsuen, but I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood", "With cold brows and cold fingers, I bow my head and am willing to be a ox", this is a true portrayal of his life.
His major works include the novel collection "The Scream" (including "Diary of a Madman", "The True Story of Ah Q", "Kong Yiji", etc.), "Wandering" (including "Blessings", "Sorrow", etc.), "New Stories", The prose collection "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk" (including "Mr. Fujino", "Fan Ainong", etc.), the prose poetry collection "Weeds", fourteen collections of essays, and a large number of letters.
90·Guo Moruo, formerly known as Kaizhen, nicknamed Shangwu. An outstanding writer, poet and dramatist, as well as a historian and paleographer. It is another banner on the Chinese cultural front after Lu Xun. His main works are the poetry collection "Goddess" published in 1921 (including "Phoenix Nirvana", "Rebirth of the Goddess", "Coal in the Furnace", etc.); historical dramas include "Tangdi Flower", "Qu Yuan", "Tiger Fu" , "Gao Jianli", "Peacock Gut", "Cai Wenji", "Wu Zetian", etc. "The Goddess" is an outstanding collection of romantic poems, the first immortal poetic work in the history of new literature in my country, and ushered in a new poetry style. It laid the foundation for the New Poetry Movement.
91·Ye Shengtao, named Shaojun. Modern writer and educator. His main works are the novel "Ni Huanzhi", short stories including "Collecting Three or Five Dou Too Much", "Night", etc., and collections of fairy tales including "Scarecrow" and "Stone Statues of Ancient Heroes". He is the earliest writer to write fairy tales in the history of modern Chinese literature.
92·Mao Dun, whose original name was Shen Dehong, also known as Yan Bing, and Mao Dun was his pen name. An outstanding modern writer and one of the pioneers of the "May 4th" New Literature Movement. His main works are the "Eclipse" trilogy ("Disillusionment", "Shakedown", "Pursue"), "Midnight", "The Rural Trilogy" ("Spring Silkworms", "Autumn Harvest", "Last Winter"), "The Lin Family" Shop", essays "Landscape Talk" and "Praise to Poplar". "Midnight" is the first realist masterpiece in the history of modern Chinese literature, showing the combat achievements of the "left-wing" literary camp.
93·Yu Dafu, modern writer. The main works are "Sinking", "The Evening Intoxicated by the Spring Breeze", "Bao Dian", etc.
94·Xu Zhimo, modern poet. His main works are poetry collections "Zhimo's Poems" and "Tiger Collection", etc. His famous works include "Farewell to Cambridge", "In Illness", "Shayanara", "Accidental", etc. He is the main poet of the Crescent Movement.
Common knowledge of Chinese and foreign literature (5)
95·Tian Han, a famous dramatist and the founder of Chinese revolutionary drama. The main plays include "A Night at the Coffee Shop", "Death of a Famous Actor", "Beauty's Journey", "Guan Hanqing", "Princess Wencheng", etc., as well as the Peking operas "The Legend of White Snake", "Xie Yaohuan", etc. He is one of the most accomplished playwrights after the May 4th Movement. The lyrics of "March of the Volunteers" were widely circulated after Nie Er composed the music, and was later designated as the national anthem.
96·Zhu Ziqing, modern writer. His main works include the collection of poems and prose "Traces", the collection of essays "Back" and "Miscellaneous Notes on Travels in Europe", and the academic work "Classics". His famous works include "Back", "Green", "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond", "Oar" "The Qinhuai River in Sound, Lights and Shadows", "The Price of Life - Seventy Cents", etc.
97·Wen Yiduo. Famous patriotic poet and scholar. His main works are poetry collections "Red Candle" and "Dead Water". Famous chapters include "Song of the Sun", "Laundry Song", "Discovery", "A Sentence", "Dead Water", etc., and academic works include "Myth and Poetry", "New Meaning of Classics", etc.
98·Lao She, whose original name was Shu Qingchun, also named Sheyu, was a Manchu. In 1950, he won the title of "People's Artist". His major works include the novels "The Look of a Camel" and "Four Generations Under One Roof", and the scripts "Teahouse", "Longxugou", "Looking West to Chang'an", etc. It is rich in local color and uses lively Beijing colloquialism, which is popular and humorous. It formed Lao She's style and was also the founder of "Beijing-flavored novels".
99·Bing Xin, formerly known as Xie Wanying, is a famous female writer. His main works include poetry collections "Stars" and "Spring Water", and prose collections "For Young Readers" and "Ode to Cherry Blossoms". Use aphoristic verses to sing about maternal love, virginity, and the sea. Prose also expresses the "philosophy of love" and is known as the representative of "beautiful prose".
100·Xia Yan, formerly known as Shen Duanxian. Famous playwright. His main works are the screenplays "The Legend of Qiu Jin", "Under the Eaves of Shanghai", and "Fascist Germs". His adapted film scripts include "Blessings", "Lin's Shop", "My Family", etc., and the reportage "Invested Work". my country's earliest film literary script "Crazy Flow".
101·Ba Jin, whose original name was Li Yaotang and whose courtesy name was Fu Gan. His main works are the novel "Torrent Trilogy" ("Home", "Spring", "Autumn"), "Love Trilogy" ("Fog", "Rain", "Electricity"), and the novella "Cold" "Night", "Relaxing Garden", etc., prose collections "People Defending Peace", "Random Thoughts", etc. "Family" and other works are the most successful works describing the history of feudal families in the history of modern Chinese literature. In 1982, he won the Italian "Dante International Award".
102·Zhao Shuli, formerly known as Zhao Shuli, is a novelist. His main works are the novels "Xiao Erhei's Marriage", "Li Youcai's Straight Talk", "The Changes of Lijiazhuang", etc. "Xiao Erhei's Marriage" is hailed as "one of the masterpieces of literature and art in the liberated areas", and "Li Youcai's Banquet" is hailed as "a milestone towards the national form". It is national and popular, and is the representative work of "Yam Egg School".
103·Cao Yu, formerly known as Wan Jiabao. dramatist. His major works include the scripts "Thunderstorm", "Sunrise", "The Wilderness", "Beijingers", "Bright Sky", "The Sword of Courage", "Wang Zhaojun", etc.
104·Ai Qing, formerly known as Jiang Haicheng, is a famous poet.
The main works are "Dayan River - My Nanny", "Dawn Notice", "Snow Falls on the Land of China", "North", "Trolley"