With the evolution of history, people have different opinions on the name and scope of Guanzhong. First of all, it is said that there are scattered customs in the west, Hangu customs in the east, Wuguan customs in the south and Xiaoguan customs in the north, which means there are four customs. The second is the theory of "two customs", that is, Hangu closes in the east and ends in the west. Now people are used to taking the Jingwei River basin north of Qinling Mountains as the Guanzhong area.
It is said that Guanzhong wins the world. First, it still stems from its unique geographical location. The terrain in Guanzhong area is dangerous. There are Qinling Mountains in the south, Longshan Mountain in the west, Loess Plateau in the north, Huashan Mountain and Lushan Mountain in the southwest of Shanxi Province in the east, surrounded by the Yellow River on all sides. It can be said that mountains and rivers depend on each other and there is a great potential for reunion.
In ancient times, there was a saying "120 Qin Guan", which was used to describe the danger of Guanzhong, meaning that 20,000 people were enough to refuse the tackling of a problem by millions of people. Blocking millions of people with an army of 20 thousand depends on the risk of its terrain. Such a superior geographical location has made Guanzhong a battleground for military strategists since ancient times.
Secondly, Guanzhong is a fertile land, with fertile land, rivers, mild climate, developed industry and agriculture and dense population. Historical records call it "a golden city of thousands of miles", "a land of abundance" and "a country with four blockades". However, as we all know, Sichuan Basin is also called "Land of Abundance", but it was Guanzhong that was first called "Land of Abundance". During the Warring States Period, Su Qin told Qin Chen about the plan of "Lian Heng", praising Guanzhong's "fertile land, rich people, numerous chariots, all kinds of industries stormed, fertile fields were thousands of miles away, and accumulated abundance", and said that "this so-called land of abundance is also the best in the world".
It is precisely because of its abundant products and good storage of grain and grass that 12 dynasties established their capitals here from the Western Zhou Dynasty, which lasted for more than 1 100 years.
However, with the development of human history, the natural environment in Guanzhong area is constantly changing, and the former scene of "the sky is grey and wild, the wind blows grass and the cattle and sheep are low" no longer exists. Slowly, after the Qing dynasty, no one ever linked the "land of abundance" with the Guanzhong area.
Third, the population here is dense, the people are still fighting and have enough fighting capacity, which is the social foundation of Guanzhong's position.
With the change of dynasties, the status of Guanzhong gradually declined, even so, it could not hide its glorious moment. It is an undeniable fact that it was once a battleground for military strategists.