Blood and tears? Xu, "herself charming? The word "autumn feeling": "Blood, blood and tears are fragrant, red, and elves turn into rocks. "
Red tears are clear? Fang Wenxi, "Man Zi River? The word "ghost": "Jane has tears, and now she is evoking the soul. "
Jiao Ren jade tears clear? Wei Jirui's poem "Falling Bodhisattva" says: "Ying Ying is separated from the water by two stars at night, and there are Xihe tourists on Hanchaxian Road. The autumn fog is thin and dense, and Jiao Ren is full of tears. "
? The four forms of allusions used in the above words, namely "Jiangzhou Pearl Tears", "Partridge Blood Tears", "Partridge Red Tears" and "Jiao Ren Jade Tears", are different from those in my book The Origin of Allusions? The article "Lotus Face" puts forward the "Julian-style method of using code words". These four phrases all use the word "tears". Now step by step analysis, we can get two phrases: "Jiangzhou tears" and "Pearl tears". "Blood and tears" can lead to two phrases: "Blood and tears"; Tears of Tears leads to two phrases: "Tears of Tears" and "Tears of Tears". "Jiao Ren Jade Tears" leads to two phrases: "Jiao Ren Tears" and "Jade Tears". The seven * * * phrases analyzed (except a repeated "tears") are, in the eyes of discerning people, several famous allusions about sadness and tears from five different sources. According to different allusions, the first one is Jiangzhou tears, the second one is Pearl tears, Partridge tears and Jiao Ren tears, the third one is blood tears, the fourth one is red tears, and the fifth one is jade tears. Now let's talk separately.
? The first allusion of "Jiangzhou Tears" comes from the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poem Pipa Xing.
Bai Juyi, also known as Letian, was a famous poet and scholar in the Tang Dynasty. Taiyuan (now Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) people. Zhenyuan/Kloc-Jinshi in 0/4 years, bachelor of Hanlin in Xian Zongyuan, left addendum, Dr. Zanshan. Yuanhe was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima for offending powerful people for ten years. Mu Zong acceded to the throne, recalled Chang 'an, and was dissatisfied with the eunuch's unauthorized invitation. He used to be the secretariat of Hangzhou and Suzhou. During the Wenzong period, the official was the prince, so it was also called Bai Taifu and Bai Fu. Master Wu is an official of the minister of punishments, so he is also called Bai Shangshu. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in Xiangshan and became a layman in Xiangshan.
? Pipa Xing is Bai Juyi's famous realistic poem. The whole poem is written when I was demoted to Jiangzhou to be a Sima. I met a pipa girl in Xunyang River at night and asked her to play the pipa for them on the boat. Originally, this pipa girl was a master of color and art in Beijing when she was young, but now, because of her age, she is committed to a businessman who values profit over emotion in Yangjiang. Therefore, the bitter experience of Pipa girl and her loneliness at present are in sharp contrast with the cold reality that the author was demoted. They are really in the same boat, so the author sighed from the heart, "We met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? It is a lonely person at the end of the world. " After playing a lute, everyone present wept for it, but at this time, the author was in tears and his clothes were soaked with tears. This kind of situation, the author at the end of the poem is described in this poem:
"Three chords were played again, although the tune was different from what she had played before. But which of them cried the most? , this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet. "
Jiangzhou Sima: that is, the author claims to be. Jiangzhou: the county name in the early Tang Dynasty, and Jiujiang County in the Sui Dynasty. In the first year of Tianbao, it was changed to Xunyang County, and in the first year of Gan Yuan, it became Jiangzhou. Now it is located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. Sima: No real power. The Tang system is a virtual post dedicated to the placement of demoted officials. Blue shirt: In ancient times, the color of official clothes depended on the rank of official position. In the Tang dynasty, officials with low official positions all wore blue clothes.
This poem is: everyone here was moved to tears, and I cried the most, and my clothes were wet. "Blue and wet" is used to describe deep sadness and a lot of tears.
Due to the great influence of this poem, as well as rich images, strong rendering power and Bai Juyi's reputation, this poem is "the official history of Jiujiang today." My blue sleeves are wet "has a great influence on later scholars." As an allusion to the writer's sad tears, it is widely used in later poems, such as Tears in Shirt, Blue Wet, Tears in Sima, etc.
Jiangzhou tears yuan? George "double tone"? Laurel medal? " In autumn, the lakes and mountains, together with Bai Zirui's generation of Yan Ji, presented the singer with a bottle: "Yangliuqing jumps in spring, sweet-scented osmanthus is cool, and jathyapple enjoys the cool. A song Wu Wa laughs at Jiangzhou tears. "Ming? Partridges in Yang Shen? Yimen Xiaoyin: "The blue shirt has not touched Jiangzhou's tears. I have promised to sing wildly to support the holy court. "Qing? Xuanding's Raining at Night in Qiu Guang? Zheng Note: "Jiangzhou tears stained the old shirt, and Du Mu's poems added a new shadow to the temples. "Qing? Li Aizhu, an anonymous scroll of the Qing Dynasty, said, "Even if you earn Jiangzhou tears, you won't sprinkle the east wind to dye the cuckoo. "Qing? The fifteenth volume of the Encyclopedia of China and Xiang Yan by Worm Emperor, Two States Talk in Spring: "Pipa hate is always hard to wash away, and tears are spilled in Jiangzhou. "Cao Xiujun" ancient and modern boundless affection "volume 11" love in love "? Li Aizhu: "Even if I earn Jiangzhou tears, I won't sprinkle the east wind to dye the cuckoo." "
The last three paradigms of "tears of beads", "tears of partridges" and "tears of Jiao Ren" are another allusion of "tears", that is, "sharks cry for pearls".
According to legend, Jiao Ren lives on the bottom of the sea like a fish from South China Sea, which is called Jiao Ren fish. The tears that Jiao Ren fish shed when they cry are pearls, called shark beads, also called tears, which can weave a kind of wadding that is not wet in water, called slob. Once Jiao Ren fish came out of the water and lived in a family. It was sold for several days. When he left, he gave his host a plate of tears in tears to repay his host for his hospitality for many days.
This allusion was first seen in Jae Han? Guo Xian's Dong Ming Ji, Zhang Hua's Natural History in Jin Dynasty and Gan Bao's Search for Ji Shen are all recorded. The original texts of Dongming Ji, Natural History and Search for Ji Shen are all recorded here:
? Cave Ghosts Volume III: "The Kingdom of Le Wei, ... went to Chang 'an for nine thousand miles. In southern Japan, a man is seven feet long and is assigned to his heel. He took a rhinoceros elephant to the sea for treasure, and stayed in Jiao Ren's room, where he wept. Then Jiao Ren cried pearls, also known as crying pearls. "
? ? Natural History Volume 9: "Beyond the South China Sea, there is Jiao Ren. Water lives like fish. Don't waste your work, your eyes are full of tears. When you come out of the water, the family will sell for a long time. You must go, take a device from the owner, cry into a bead, and follow the owner. "
? ? "Searching for God" Volume 12: "Beyond the South China Sea, there is Jiao Ren, where the water lives like a fish. If you don't waste your work, your eyes will turn into pearls. "
Southern dynasties? Liang? Ren Fang's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Volume: "Jiao Ren, namely Quan Xian, also known as Quan Ke." It was also rolled down: "There is a Jiao Ren room in the South China Sea, where water lives like a fish. Don't waste weaving, there are tears in your eyes and pearls. "
Southern dynasties? Liang? Ren Fang's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Volume: "Jiao Ren, namely Quan Xian, also known as Quan Ke." It was also rolled down: "There is a Jiao Ren room in the South China Sea, where water lives like a fish. Don't waste weaving, there are tears in your eyes and pearls. "
The story of Jiao Ren crying beads is an ancient legend handed down from the Han Dynasty. Therefore, poems that chant tears and describe people's sadness and tears are often cited as allusions and pronouns of tears. "Tears of Pearl", "Tears of Partridge" and "Tears of Jiao Ren" are the most common quoted forms of this meaning. Try to prove this point with examples:
Pearl tears Tang? Li Bai's poem "Lessons from the Past": "Acacia is like a dream, and tears are wet." Don? Liu Zungu's poem "rosary dew" says: "Beauty is redder and thinner than pearls." Song? Zhu Shi's Long Night: "When the dream unfolds, who will the tears be directed at?" Yuan? Chapter 38 of Anonymous "Orphan" goes out: "The most bitter thing is to lean on the railing and be silent, crying with marbles." Ming? Gao Ming's "Pipa Story" 25: "When will you come to Thailand?" Tears for each other. "Ming? I went out in the thirty-eighth time of Yunfu Ji: "I threw pearls and tears on my sleeves, and Jiang Wang squatted down." "
Jiao Ren tears song? Fang Yue's poem "Jia Mu" wrote: "Jiao Ren shed coral branches with tears and held blue glass all over his body." Song? Li Hong's poem "Autumn Sending Xing" says: "Chew tears and fade the clothes of the guests." Ming? Xu Wei, "Huanxisha? Ode to the Lotus Root: "The pearl splashes Jiao Ren's tears, and the jade on the west arm bends to produce fragrance. "Ming? Jinbao "Magnolia is slow? And Fu Bing of Zhushan: "Jiao Ren is heartbroken in tears, and the ice is more patient." Qing? Cao Rong, Nian Nujiao? I will go to the cloud to bid farewell to Hu Yanyuan and play with him to sell medicine: "I am also poor in the north, Jiao Ren is full of tears, and my temples are even whiter."
Don's tears? Li Jiedu Ji's poem "The Book is Red" says: "The bag smells good. If anyone sees a thief, his tears will turn red." Song? In Li Taihou's poem "Gong Ci", he wrote: "Tears drop in tears, and the moon shines alone on the railing." Yuan? Anonymous "double tone"? Song: "He won't come tonight. I'm slow-heating, and I'm lonely. I'm never used to loneliness, and I don't do it with tears. Qing? Feng Rui, "Nian Nujiao? The word "Autumn Feeling": "Gold is poetry, tears are wet, and I want to send it without a trace." Qing? Pu Songling's poem "Jin Xi Zhong Cheng": "Hedong is full of tears, and the bookcase was full fifteen years ago."
In addition, this allusion is not only widely quoted in poetry, but also a common word in real oral English. The most common thing is that tears are tears. Here, beads are used to describe the lovely tears as clear and round as pearls, which are very vivid and vivid. In this way, with the word "tears", the word "tears" can be said to be witty and has become the most common spoken language, passed down from generation to generation. In fact, the original meaning does not refer to tears, but refers to the pearl that tears turned into, that is, the pearl that Jiao Ren cried, but people have forgotten its true colors. Ming? The fourth and fourth times of the anonymous Pearl Edge: "Tears come to Guangdong, and Xiangyu comes out of the tan." The "tears" here refer to Jiao Ren's crying pearls.
The third story of Red Tears is based on the story of Xue Lingyun, the favorite beauty of Wei Wendi and Cao Pi. Legend has it that when Xue Lingyun was elected to the palace, he cried and said goodbye to his parents, so he was very sad. His tears were as red as blood, and later people called them "red tears". Was it on this record that you first met Kim? Wang Jia's Collected Works Volume 7. Now, the original record of Notes is as follows:
"Notes" Volume 7: "Wendy loves beauty, her scientific name is Lingyun, and she is also a native of Changshan. My father's name is Ye, and he is the director of Xiangting ... Gu learned to stay in Changshan County. I heard that there was a beautiful woman in the pavilion, and her family was very poor. Emperor Wen chose a child with a good family to enter the Sixth Palace, and he learned to hire with 1000 yuan. What you have is dedicated to Wendi. Lingyun heard about her other parents. She was tired and tired, and her clothes were stained with tears. On the way, I cried with the jade pot in my arms, and the pot became red. Regardless of Changshan or Shi Jing, tears are blood in the pot. "
According to the written records in the Book of Picking Up the Tales, later generations often quote this allusion to poems to describe women crying, and the word "red tears", as a quotation form of this allusion, is often called the tears shed by beautiful women when they cry in poems. Give an example to prove this point:
Red tears Tang? Li He's poem "Shu": "Who is a tearful guest and refuses to cross the Qutang?" Song? Yan Dao Ji's "Picking Mulberry Seeds" words: "Sleeping damages plum makeup, and red tears are hard to splash uterine blood." Ming? Tang Xianzu's "Ruan Langgui" words: "I hate overlapping, I'm afraid of clothes, and I'm in tears." Qing? Nalan Xingde's poem "Eye-catching Lips" said: "When you are idle in the daytime, you will burst into tears when you are speechless." Qing? Zhong Xintong's "New Camellia" for the tenth time: "Ask yourself that there is still love, but the bright moon is hard to round, and the colorful clouds are easy to disperse. The most regrettable thing in recent years is to hurt friends like blood and tears. " Qing? One of the selections of China Romantic Encyclopedia, Volume 8, Volume 4, Fragrant Cough Collection? Weeping master: "the red rope is empty, it is a three-life contract, and there are only two sleeves left in red tears." "Liu Yazi's poem" Hold Your Boy Jade "says:" The sky is like a dream, and the sad songs and red tears are frozen early. "
The fourth allusion of "blood and tears" is that when people cry, their eyes shed blood. There are many records of crying and bleeding in ancient books. For example, the above tears flow into blood, and some people say it is the canon of "blood and tears". But the earliest record of crying and bleeding is the Chu people and their families when the Spring and Autumn Period pushed forward.
According to the warring States period? Han Fei, Han Feizi? According to "Choi of Harmony", in the Spring and Autumn Period, a man named Bian He found a piece of jade on Jingshan Mountain in Chu State, and gave it to Li, the king of Chu. Li Guowang asked the jade craftsman to identify it, and the jade craftsman said it was a stone. Li Guowang thought that Bian He was deceiving himself, so he cut off his left leg on the grounds of deceiving the king. After Li's death, he acceded to the throne, and Bian He presented this jade again. The jade lover still said it was a stone, so King Wu cut off his right leg because he cheated the king. After their death, Li and Bian He cried in Jingshan for three days and three nights. Tears dried up and blood flowed out. King Wen was very moved when he heard about it, so he sent someone to refine this stone, and it turned out to be Baoyu, because he named this jade "Heshibi" or "Heshibi". The original text is recorded here:
? Did everything wrong? He Shibi: "Chu people and Shibi get jade (uncultivated jade), which is Wang Xianzhi in the mountains of Chu." Li Wang made the jade man meet him, and the jade man said,' Shi Ye.' The king regards peace as deception, but gouges out his left foot. And when King Li (died) and King Wu ascended the throne, they sacrificed their wealth and made the jade people look at it and say,' Shi Ye.' The king also died of harmony and cut off his right foot. Qiu and Wen Wang acceded to the throne, and He Nai cried at the foot of the mountain for three days and three nights, until he finally cried (referring to tears drying up) and then bled. Wang Wenzhi, ... is to let the jade people manage (refine) its simplicity and get a treasure, so he called it' harmony'. "
Because there is a record of "blood after crying" in the text, later generations widely regard this story as an allusion in poetry, which is used to express people's extreme sadness and crying. The tears shed by extreme sadness and crying are called "blood tears". Here are some examples to prove this point:
Blood and tears Tang? Sun Ding's poem "Seeing Sun Chu off" said: "When you start, blood and tears flow freely, east and west flow, and the water is deep." Ming? Shao Can's "Sweet Sack" is the third and third: "Sigh that the empty room is alone and dirty, and sometimes there are blood and tears on the clothes, so you should stop knitting clothes." Ming? "Man Fang Ting, Zhao Zhongdao? The word "Chrysanthemum": "Doubt dreams, cry a little, blood and tears are covered with fur. "Qing? Zhang Jian's "The Edge of Dreams" ranks third and fourth: "(Xiao Dan is crying behind his back) Only one person is left, with blood and tears hanging in the air. "Qing? Yuan Yuling's Story of the West Building (No.26) says: "Du Yi shed blood and tears, and her memory drowned, and the beautiful girl stayed in her soul until her death. "
The fifth canon of Jade Tears is based on Wang Zhaojun and the Three Kingdoms. Wei? Cao Pizhen's queen. According to legend, when Zhao Jun and Empress Zhen cried, tears flowed out like jade chopsticks, so people called her tears "jade chopsticks". This record can be found in the works of the Tang Dynasty.
Don? Bai Juyi's white post: "Wang Zhaojun's tears are like jade chopsticks. After that, Zhen (refers to the Three Kingdoms? Wei? Cao Pi's face is white and his tears are like jade chopsticks. "
? The other is a metaphor for Jiao Ren's tears.
? Don? Feng Zhi's Notebook Beads: "Tears are round, and the elders become jade (a variant of" Zhu ")."
In other words, Jiao Ren's tears are round, like pearls hanging on her face and long chopsticks made of jade hanging on her face.
Because of these records, later generations are widely used in poetry. Besides the common forms such as "jade chopsticks", "jade embarrassment" and "jade crying", "jade tears" is also one of the quoted forms. Allusions in poetry are often used to describe the tears on a beauty's face when she is sad and crying. Let's give a few examples:
Jade tears song? Yang Yan Zheng's poem "Man Jiang Hong" says: "Every inch is full of brocade, and Yingying jade tears are thieves." Ming? Gao Lian's "Hosta"? According to the relatives: "Before you put the bottle, you don't feel the tears in the wind."
In short, the four phrases "Jiangzhou Pearl Tears", "Partridge Blood Tears", "Partridge Red Tears" and "Jiao Ren Jade Tears" are all composed of two tear allusions with different origins. There are constantly changing words and repeating allusions here. Although complicated, the meaning is simple, that is, people. Describing people's grief and tears, the author could have simply used an allusion to achieve this goal, and there is no need to repeat the allusion so tedious. However, the author only avoids simplicity and complicates it. In addition to putting enough words in their lyrics that meet the metrical requirements, the main purpose is to aggravate the description and push the sadness of describing people crying to the extreme!