In what era was Zuo Qiuming born? When was Zuo Qiuming born?
Zuo Qiuming (about 502 BC - about 422 BC) was a native of Dujun. His surname was Qiu and his given name was Qiu. Ming Dynasty, because his father was the historian of Zuo, he was called Zuo Qiuming (as for Zuo Qiuming's name, due to the very limited records of Zuo Qiuming, the author of Zuo's biography, in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasty documents for a long time, scholars in the past dynasties have named Zuo Qiuming's name There are endless debates about the name situation, and there are different opinions. One theory is that the surname is Zuoqiu and the given name is Ming; the other is that the surname is Zuo and the given name is Qiu Ming. However, according to historical records, Zuoqiu Ming is a descendant of Jiang Ziya. The direct descendant of Sun Qiu (Qiu) is more reliable, and the collateral descendant of Zuo. To be discussed)
A native of Junzhuang (now Donghengyu Village, Shiheng Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province), the capital of Lu State in the late Spring and Autumn Period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. A historian, writer, thinker, essayist, and military strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period. At the same time as Confucius or slightly older than Confucius. He once served as the historian of the State of Lu. In order to analyze the "Spring and Autumn", he wrote "Zuo Zhuan" (also known as "Zuo's Spring and Autumn") and "Guoyu". He was blind when he wrote "Guoyu". The two books recorded a lot of information about the Western Zhou Dynasty. , important historical events of the Spring and Autumn Period, and preserved original materials of high value. Due to its detailed historical materials and vivid writing style, it has aroused interest and research among scholars at home and abroad at all times. Known as "the sage of Wenzong and history" and "the ancestor of classics and ministers of history", both Confucius and Sima Qian respected Zuo Qiuming as a "gentleman". Emperors of the past dynasties had many imperial titles: Confucian Master in the Tang Dynasty; Qiu Bo and Zhongdu Bo in the Song Dynasty; Confucians and Sages in the Ming Dynasty. Qiu Ming Middle School was built in Feicheng, Shandong Province in memory of Zuo Qiuming.
Zuo Qiuming is the founder of traditional Chinese historiography. The historians regard Zuo Qiuming as the founder of Chinese historiography. It is known as "the ancestor of hundreds of schools of writing and the ancestor of ancient literature for all ages". Zuo Qiuming's thoughts were Confucian thoughts, which more reflected the interests and demands of the people at that time.
Character Achievements
Zuo Qiuming lived in the same era as Confucius. Confucius shared his likes and dislikes and called him a gentleman. He was a Confucian and sage with noble moral character and worthy of respect. Zuo Qiuming's works and academic thoughts are an important part of Confucian culture. "Zuo Zhuan" is a chronicle with detailed descriptions and incisive discussions. It has high historical and literary value. It is also a famous military work and one of the classics of Chinese history.
Zuo Qiuming's father was well versed in history and served as the Taishi of the State of Lu. Zuo Qiuming inherited his father's position when he grew up. He was well-read in astronomy, geography, literature, history and other ancient books. He performed his duties well during his tenure and was admired by people. Zuo Qiuming was very concerned about national political affairs and actively participated in political discussions. He also suggested that Duke Dinggong directly appoint Confucius. In order to write history, Zuo Qiuming went to the Zhou Dynasty with Confucius and consulted the archives with Zhou Taishi. After returning to Lu, Confucius wrote "Spring and Autumn", while Zuo Qiuming wrote "Zuo Zhuan". Zuo Qiuming became blind in his later years. After resigning and returning to his hometown, he compiled the famous historical book "Guoyu". "Guoyu" is China's first national history book, and together with "Zuo Zhuan" it has become a perfect combination of historical and cultural masterpieces.
Literary Creation
It is said that Zuo Qiuming wrote two great literary works, "Zuo Zhuan" and "Guoyu". "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan" mostly explains the "Chun Qiu" based on historical facts. It starts from the first year of Lu Yin (722 BC) and ends in the 27th year of Lu Aigong (468 BC). It mainly records events, but also contains remarks and narratives. It is detailed, the text is vivid and concise, and it comprehensively reflects the social and historical situation at that time. It is not only an important Confucian classic, but also the first complete chronological history book in China. It also has high achievements in literature. "Guoyu" records the historical facts of the Zhou royal family and the Lu, Qi, Jin, Zheng, Chu, Wu and Yue kingdoms from the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period (about 967 BC - 453 BC). It focuses on recording the remarks of the monarchs and ministers. It is the earliest country-specific history book in China. After working day and night for more than 30 years, a "Chuan Qiu Zuo Shi Biography" spanning more than 200 years and more than 180,000 words was finalized. Its historical, literary, technological and military value is immeasurable and has been highly praised by historians and literati of all ages. The "Zuo Zhuan" records are quite detailed, and the historical events are generally complete from beginning to end. In addition, "Zuo Zhuan" also absorbed the strengths of other historical genres and organized the historical materials of other historical genres in chronological order, making the chronological history book basically mature. Therefore, "Zuo Zhuan" is China's first truly chronological historical work. Not only that, in terms of historiography, "Zuo Zhuan" also expanded the capacity of the chronicle history book: it is full of changes in the general pattern of chronicling events. Sometimes it focuses on writing the whole story of a historical event, and sometimes it focuses on writing about one person. The experiences and activities of historical figures. This not only expands the capacity of chronicle history books in writing about people and events, but also helps to make up for the shortcomings of one historical event being separated from other historical events in the relevant era. In addition, in terms of compilation, "Zuo Zhuan" was the first to create the column "Junzi said". "Junzi Yue" sublimates historical events in the form of discussion, provides a place for historical authors to express their opinions, and has become an excellent historical tradition.