66 scales song? Dai Fugu's poem "Send Wu Bocheng to Jianchang" says: "If you don't have any intention, pay 66 scales". Song? Song Xun's "Spring Ji Hannan Ascending the Building to Look at Zhong's Zijing": "A private book is a bitter paper, and it looks like six or six scales in the wave." Song? Li Hong's poem "Zi Zi Lu Shi is a poem written in white": "I want to send the fragrant grass to the six scales of Cangjiang River". Song? Song Qi's poem "Seeing Huang Hao off" says: "I still believe in homesickness and dreams, with eyes and eyes." There is also a poem "Zhu Shunqing's South Tour": "I am resentful and resentful, and I am worried about my size." Song? Lu You's poem "Delin's father's book inquiry is very diligent and sends thanks in long sentences": "If you have poems, you want to send them frequently, and the Xijiang River is heartbroken." Qing? Shen Zhenlu, "You Tian? I hope that the letter from home will not arrive: "Life is half a journey to the end of the world, and a thousand miles of books are heavy."
The "36 scales" and "66 scales" used in the above poems are synonymous with carp. Sixty-six, that is, two and six are multiplied into thirty-six numbers. Scales refer to scales. Why does carp have this title? There are 36 scales in the rib line of the old carp, large and small, and each scale has black spots, so it is called it. This statement is recorded in many ancient books. Now I will record all the information I have seen here:
? Don? Duan Chengshi's Youyang Miscellany, Volume 17, Guang Dong Zhi, Volume 2: "Carp, with scales in the middle of the ridge, has small black spots on each scale, all 36 scales in size". Song? Xu Yanzhou's Poems on Yanzhou: "Duan Chengshi's poem" Writing a Paper with Wen Feiqing "says:" When thirty-six scales fill the number, I still feel homesick several times ". Eighty-one scales for the dragon and thirty-six scales for the carp. To Song Jingwen's poem:' Jun Xuan is in love with a rustling horse, and his feet are worried about six or six fish'. It also makes 6636. " Song? Shen Kuo's Meng Xi Bi Tan (Volume 17) says: "Carps are thirty-six scales in a row, and the scales are written in black, such as' ten', so they are called carp, and those who learn from the fish are 36." Ming? Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica, Volume 44, Scales, and Explanations of "Carp": "Its ribs and scales are the same, from beginning to end, with no size, all 36 scales, and each scale has small black spots". Also, "carp, the most yin thing, has a scale of 36." Qing? Li Quan's List of Different Things, Volume 36, Aquarium Department, has a different name of "66 scales" under the item "Carp", which explains: "66 scales: Yaya: `carp, 36 scales, the number of 66'. Lu You's poem:' Look at the six scales of Qiu Jiang'. "
from the above, it can be seen that "thirty-six scales" and "sixty-six scales" have been synonymous with carp for a long time, and they have formed a sense of * * * in the minds of literati in past dynasties, so it is not uncommon to quote this title in their works.
why do scholars use this title when writing poems? This is mainly influenced by the metrical rules of poetry. When writing poems, they are constrained by the number of words in the poems and the level of words, forcing them to use these titles to meet the requirements of metrical rules. Because of this, "thirty-six scales" and "sixty-six scales" are not conventional forms, and their quotation forms are different with the difference of poetic meter, such as "sixty-six fish", Song? Gao Wenhu's poem "Seeing Zhao Shuming off to Taiwan and Going to the DPRK": "I still rely on six or six fish to ask me about Shen Mian". Song? Song Qi's poem "Answering Taifu Deng Guo and Zhang Xianggong" says: "Jun Xuan is in love with a rustling horse, and the guests are worried about six or six fish." Also cited as "scale 66", Song? Le Leifa's poem "Sending Snow Peng to Yao's Envoy" reads: "Xiang Li sends acacia, but Liu Xin Chan misses another time". Qing? Pei Lu's Touch the Fish? I got a letter from my family on the seventh day of April, saying, "I am so happy to spread the word" Peace ". Qing? Shen Zhenlu's "Qin Diao Xiang Si Yin"? After the rain, the word: "The news is half-heavy, and I don't expect it to be the third of this month." Qing? Zhao Huaiyu, Fisherman's Pride? Ouyang Di Xiaoying's words: "Take care to send a book, the scale is 66, and Wusong is now Haopu". Such as "66 fish scales", "66 fish scales", "66 Wen scales", "66 Jin scales", "66 Jin scales", "66 red scales", "66 Liu scales" and "36 fish scales
? However, when poetry quotes these titles, it is not only the simple meaning of "carp" as a substitute, but also a deeper meaning, that is, borrowing metaphors to be called messengers who deliver books and letters, which is actually the development of the ancient allusion of "carp delivering books".
? There are two versions of the allusion "carp handed down a book". One is that it came from the later Han Dynasty. Cai Yong's poem "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes" was written in the Southern Dynasties. Chen? Xu Ling's New Ode to Jade Terrace, Volume 1. There is a saying at the end of the poem: "The guest came from afar and left me a pair of carp. Call the boy to open the wooden box, with a ruler who wrote a letter. How about reading a plain book on your knees? There is food on the top and looks back on the bottom. "
? Cai Yong's poem is about the long-term separation between husband and wife. At the end of the poem, these words say: Cai Yong's wife received a carp brought to her by her husband who was far away from home. When she asked the waiter to cook the carp, she found that the fish contained a letter written by her husband in plain silk, asking her how she was cold and warm and expressing her love for her.
? It is precisely because of the influence of Cai Yong's poem that later generations quoted "carp", "Pisces", "double carp", "double carp", "double scales" and "red scales". The allusion such as carp book, fish letter, Pisces letter, double carp book, fish book and scale book is often used to refer to letters and love letters sent by wives and lovers.
On the other hand, it is based on the incident of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. According to the early Western Han Dynasty? Sima Qian's "Historical Records" recorded in the biography of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang that Chen and Wu wanted to lead the uprising, but they were afraid that they would not accept it, so they put a plain silk with the words "Chen Shengwang" in the belly of the fish. When people found this book in the future, they were surprised and thought it was entrusted by God's will, so * * * cited Chen Sheng as the king. Although it was recorded earlier than Cai Yong, Cai Yong was a famous scholar at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was admired by all the scholars. Moreover, Cai Yong's poem is a touching and touching poem, which has always been celebrated in the boudoir. Therefore, future generations are mostly based on Cai's poems.
There is also a saying that "the carp handed the book" has nothing to do with Cai Yong's poems and Chen Sheng Wu Guang's story. It is called "the carp handed the book" because the ancient people formed the envelope into a carp when sending the book, and the book was put in it for transmission. Some people say that the ancient people hid letters in wooden letters, which were made of two wooden boards carved in the shape of fish, with one cover and one bottom, so they were called "double carp". This is the most primitive fish-bellied book, and it is precisely because of this that there is the saying of "fish-bellied book". Ming? Yang Shen "Dan lead record? "Double Carp": "The size of the ancient Yuefu is like a remnant of snow, forming a double carp. To know what's in your heart, read the book in your belly'. According to this poem, the ancients formed a carp shape, that is, they were sealed, but people did not use wax today. "Selected Works"' Guests come from afar, leaving me a pair of carp' is also the case. The book of cooking fish in the clouds is also a metaphor, but it is not really cooked. " Wen Yiduo's "Yuefu Poems" says: "Double carp, the collection of books is sealed. Its object is made of two boards, one with a bottom and a cover, three lines carved and one square hole chiseled, so the lines pass through the rope and the holes are sealed. ..... This may be carved in the shape of a fish, with one hole as a fish eye, one bottom covered, and two fish divided, hence the name' double carp'.
In short, the "carp-handed book" or "fish-belly-handed book" is a literary and historical allusion handed down from ancient times, and its source is either formed according to the events of the ancients, or formed by forming an envelope into the shape of a carp according to the ancients, but the physical name of "carp" as a messenger in poetry is an ironclad fact, and "thirty-six"
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