Yulin city was built in the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, and it was originally a bomb shelter in Suidewei. In the seventh year of Chenghua (A.D. 147 1), Yulin Wei was established, and in the ninth year of Chenghua (A.D. 1473), Governor Yu Zijun rebuilt Yulin City. Yulin Town was originally named Yansui Town, and the town ruled Suide. In the ninth year of Chenghua (AD 1473), Yu Zijun rebuilt Yulin City and moved the town to Yulin. Since then, Yansui Town has been called Yulin Town. Nine years after its formation, Yulin City was finally finalized after three large-scale expansions in the 22nd year of Chenghua (AD 1486), the 5th year of Hongzhi (AD 1492) and the 10th year of Zhengde (AD 15 15). Local history books call these three expansions. " In the second year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1863), due to the backlog of quicksand in the north wall of Yulin, the north wall retreated to the southwest, which became the appearance of Yulin today.
Yulin city is high in the east and low in the west, with its northeast corner protruding outward. The wall is rammed by loess, and the outside is blue brick. The city is three feet high, five feet wide at the bottom and three feet wide at the top. There are five gates in the city, namely "Guangyu Gate" at the north gate, "Zhenwu Gate" at the east gate, "Xuanwei Gate" at the big west gate, "Duandong Gate" at the small west gate and "Zhenyuan Gate" at the south gate. There are two-story towers at the top of every gate, but today, all the gates and towers except the south gate have been destroyed. Now the brick arch gates and urns in the south and east buildings are still there, and the south gate and urn are now occupied by Zhenyuan Hotel. There is a 13-story brick tower named "Lingxiao Tower", which was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty.
The brick wall extends from the south gate of the city to the southeast corner of the city, and the outside is covered with bricks, destroying half. Kuixing Building is located on the city wall in the southeast corner of the city. The foundation is made of brick and there are brick arches on all sides.
Most of the bricks on the outside of the East City Wall are still preserved. The east side of the north gate of this city wall has been basically destroyed, and the north gate has also been destroyed. Now only the brick arch hole of the urn is left. From the north gate to the west, about 200 meters of brick walls are well preserved. Brick walls from the northwest corner of the city to the west gate were basically destroyed, except for some rammed earth walls in some places. Brick walls from the west gate to the southwest corner of the city are basically intact, and there are cribs in some places. Near the southwest corner of the city, there is a crib opening that has been repaired in recent years. From the southwest corner of the city to the south gate, except for a small brick wall at the bus station, it has all been demolished.
In ancient times, Yulin was not only an important military place, but also the center of border trade, where the Han nationality and the northwest minority cultures met and exchanged. There are many places of interest nearby. There is Zhenbeitai, about 5 kilometers north of Yulin City, which was established in the thirty-fifth year of Wanli of Ming Dynasty (1607) to protect the Mongolian-Chinese trade market. The platform is four stories high, with a perimeter of130m and an area of 5O50. It is the largest and most magnificent wharf along the Great Wall. East of the Great Wall, surrounded by Hongshan Mountain, it controls the north and south throats, locks the main entrance of the Great Wall, and stands on the edge of the Mu Us Desert in Ordos, just like a huge barrier. Climb to the top of the platform and you can see the urban landscape of Yulin.
Yulin, as a military town, has experienced many wars. The bigger one was the battle in which Lee Guo and Liu Fangliang led hundreds of thousands of troops to attack Yulin in the 16th year of Chongzhen in the late Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1643), which was the second time that the peasant uprising army in Li Zicheng attacked Yulin. The first time was in the ninth year of Chongzhen (A.D. 1636). Li Zicheng personally led an army to attack Yulin City. Because Hong Chengchou, the commander-in-chief of the three sides at that time, was ready, and it coincided with the continuous downpour, which brought many difficulties to the military action of the peasant uprising army, so the uprising army retreated before capturing Yulin. Before Lee Guo and Liu Fangliang led the army, Yulin company commanders led elite soldiers to abandon the city and flee. However, there are six military commanders in Yulin City, who have served as company commanders in Shanhaiguan, Fu Xuan and Ningxia respectively. They got together and decided to fight a bloody battle with the rebels. 1February 2 1 day, Enemy at the Gates, the rebel army, fought fiercely with the defenders. The fighting continued until the 27th, when the rebels attacked the city from the southeast.
Tourism Yulin is an ancient city, and there are still many historical sites inside and outside the city, among which Xingming Tower and Lingxiao Tower are the most famous. Xingming Building, located in Yulin South Street, is a three-story wooden building, which is called Drum Tower locally. The whole building is made of wood structure with exquisite beam frame and reasonable structure. There are four masonry abutments on the ground floor of Xingming Building, and each abutment is lined with seven thick pine and cypress columns, which support the overall weight of the building. There is no beam on the roof, and the three floors are connected layer by layer, and the eaves of the building are upturned on all sides, which is magnificent.
Yulin City has two primitive drum towers. The first one was built in the ninth year of Chenghua (A.D. 1473), when Governor Yu Zijun expanded Yulin City. After the expansion of Yulin City in the tenth year of Zhengde (A.D. 15 15), due to the expansion of the south of the city, the original Drum Tower appeared to be northward, so a new Drum Tower was built, which was called the new building. The Xingming Building we saw today was rebuilt during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. According to the county records, there is a big gold horizontal plaque upstairs with the words "supreme truth" written on it.
Yulin, an ancient Yongzhou, is known as "Little Beijing", with quadrangles all over the city. Hongshixia, known as "Penglai in the north of the town", and Heilongtan, known as "Treasure Dragon Cave" in the south of the city. Yulin has Qingyun Temple, Hanging Temple, Kongoji, Meihualou, Wanfo Building, Pu Hui Quan and other places of interest.
Yulin fortress is located in Yulin, Shaanxi. During the Warring States period, elm trees were planted as fences in the northern frontier areas. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, chased the Xiongnu in the north and recovered the Hetao area, many elms were planted here, and the name of Yulin Plug probably came from this. Located on the bank of Yuxi (now Qingshui River), also known as Yuxi Sai, it became a garrison in northern Qin. During the Sui Dynasty, the Great Wall was built around this place and became a fortress of the Sui Great Wall.
At the beginning of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the invasion of Mongolian forces, villages were built here, and fortresses were built during the orthodox period. In the seventh year of Chenghua (147 1), Wei was established. At the same time, Xu Zijun, the prefect of Sui Dynasty, recruited migrant workers and built the Yulin side wall (Great Wall) on the basis of the Sui Great Wall to strengthen the defense here. The following year, the new city was expanded to the north of Yulin Fort, called the North City, and the old fort was called the South City. Yulin city has a considerable scale. In nine years, the governor of Yansui Town, one of the nine faces of the Great Wall, moved to Yulin City. Since then, Yulin has become an important frontier of the Ming Dynasty. Later, Yulin City was expanded. Because of the war, many ancient city walls in Yulin no longer exist, only the remains can be seen. Yulin City now is a new city built later.
Not far to the west of Zhenbeitai, there is a scenic spot along the Qingshui River called Hongshixia, which is made of red sandstone, hence the name. The rock walls on both sides are sharp as knives, and the height exceeds10m. The stone carving is a cave with 44 caves. According to the inscription, it was once a famous temple in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, named Hongshan Temple, which was built by the mausoleum of the second king of Xixia. With the change of history, people today call it Hongshi Gorge. There are many ancient inscriptions on the stone wall. For hundreds of years, Hongshixia was once a famous frontier fortress. Many dignitaries and literati come to Yulin, and they must first come here to recite poems and write poems. Occasionally, they carved it on the cliff. Now it is a popular tourist attraction.
Six kilometers east of Yulin City, there is another ten thousand Buddha grottoes, which are dug on hills and cliffs. There are thousands of relief stone statues and exquisite murals in the grottoes, which have not been tested so far and have quite high artistic value. There is also a 1 1 century hanging temple excavated by Xixia Dynasty beside the Wuding River. The temple hangs halfway up the mountain, with nothing to do, steep and beautiful, and has architectural art and archaeological value.
Now Yulin has an expressway, which connects Yimeng in Inner Mongolia in the north, Shanxi in the east, Ningxia in the west and Guanzhong in the south, making it convenient to travel. It is still a transportation hub and strategic location in northern Shaanxi.