Metaphysics is also the Chinese translation of metaphysics: a phenomenon that does not exist in time and space is itself a supernatural existence, which can only be felt by rational thinking or innate sixth sense.
1. A pure academic research beyond specific scientific, whose significance can basically be equated with philosophy. A multi-generation disciple of Aristotle sorted out his theories and found that some theories could not be classified into specific science, so he created a word to express this kind of knowledge. A translator in China found it difficult to turn it over. When reading ancient books, he found that Zhouyi "refers to Tao in metaphysics and refers to apparatus in physics". Also become metaphysics.
2. Pure academic research is often dogmatic preaching. Hegel's critical metaphysics is a mechanical dogmatic research method as opposed to dialectics, so the word can also refer to dogmatism, which is derogatory.
3. Metaphysics, looking at the world from an isolated, static and one-sided perspective, thinking that everything is isolated and will never change; If there is a change, it is only a change in quantity and position, and the reason is not internal, but external to the transaction. Another significance of metaphysics is to study the philosophy of judging things by intuition (transcendental experience). Sometimes it refers to the study of philosophical ontology.
4. Marx's philosophy also strongly criticized this.
Metaphysics can be understood as the study of ultimate reality. For beginners, this definition seems to be difficult to understand and can't provide any practical content, but please believe that this definition is the definition that best reflects its connotation and extension. This point can only be understood by understanding the connotation and extension of metaphysics. This definition will be explained in detail below.
For example, a ruler is inserted into the water, and your eyes see that the ruler is bent. However, your knowledge about rulers and your optical knowledge tell you that rulers are not curved, but straight. You see it is curved because of the refraction of light.
This is where you see the essence through the phenomenon.
Metaphysics refers to abstract, theoretical and philosophical things, especially those that rise to the level of Tao. In contrast, "physics" is something more concrete, more real and more experienced. "Metaphysics" does not refer to the "metaphysics" that Engels said is opposite to "dialectics", such as the so-called isolated, static and one-sided view of problems; On the contrary, Hegel's dialectical philosophy itself is a typical metaphysical system, which is also recognized. Specifically, metaphysics is the academic thought about "metaphysical existence". As the only absolute existence (so-called "Tao is thing"), it is the ultimate basis of "metaphysical existence", that is, many relative existence (so-called "everything"). (.cn) In western learning, the tradition of metaphysics was laid by Aristotle, mainly the tradition of western ontology. Anyone who thinks about the noumenon, ultimate essence or unity of the world (including thinking about God's theology) is metaphysics; Anyone who promises this kind of ontology, ultimate essence or unity is called metaphysical "ontological commitment", which is what Aristotle said: thinking "what exists is what exists" (or translating "what has been done") is the ultimate essence; Or what Heidegger said: thinking about "the whole existence". Of course, one can't be a professional philosopher, that is to say, one can't think about such a "metaphysical" problem; But he can't be without this metaphysical commitment and ontological commitment, but his commitment exists in the form of unconscious "existential presupposition" or "existential belief", that is, "people use it for daily use without knowing it"