1, "Watch it, watch it." This is the earliest reading method and is accepted by most people. Zhu Dongrun edited Selected Literary Works of China in Past Dynasties.
2. "Next, look at it, climb it and look at it." Wang Siyuan's Ancient Chinese Papers
3. "Next, look at it, look at it." This is how Yang Bojun pronounced Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Original text:
In the spring of ten years, the army of Qi attacked our country of Lu. Male will play, Cao Gui, please see. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you want to participate?" ? ""Those in power are short-sighted and unable to think deeply, "Cao Gui said." Then they went to the court to see the duke.
"What are you fighting for?" Cao Gui asked. Zhuang Gong said, "I never dare to know what to eat and wear. I must give it to the ministers around me." Cao Gui replied, "This little favor cannot be extended to the people, and the people will not obey you. Zhuang Gong said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of pigs, sheep, jade articles, silks and so on. I must tell God the truth." . Cao Gui said: "Mix has no credit and cannot be trusted by the gods. The gods will not bless you." . "."Zhuang Gong said, "Even if you can't see all the litigation cases in Mix, I must be based on facts." Yes: "Loyalty belongs to you. You can go to war. Please follow the war. "
On that day, Qi Huangong and Cao Gui sat in a chariot and fought with Qi Jun in Beidou. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to order drums. "Not now," said Cao Gui. "Wait until after Qi Jun drummed three times. Cao Gui said, "You can play the drums. "."Qi Jun was completely defeated. Their duke ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. "Not now," said Cao Gui. Then he got off the chariot, looked at the tracks of Qi Jun's wheels, climbed on the chariot, supported the front railing of the chariot and looked at Qi Jun's formation, and said, "We can pursue. "."So, the pursuit of Qi Jun was pursued.
After winning, the king asked him why he won. Yes: "It takes courage to fight. High spirits, then decline, three exhausted. I am tired, I am surplus, so I will overcome it. Great powers are unpredictable and frightening. I regard it as chaos and look at its flag, so I chase it. "
Vernacular translation:
In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the Qi army attacked our state of Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu wanted to fight, and Cao Gui asked to meet Duke Zhuang of Lu. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you participate?" Cao Gui said: "People in power are short-sighted, so they can't think ahead." So he went to North Korea to see Duke Zhuang of Lu.
Cao Gui asked, "What are you fighting for?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said: "I never dare to keep food and clothing for health. I must give it to the ministers around me." Cao Gui replied: "This kind of small kindness can't spread to the people, and the people won't obey you."
Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of sacrifices such as pigs, cows, sheep, jade articles and silk fabrics, but I must tell the truth to God." Cao Gui replied, "You can't win the trust of the gods for a small contribution. The gods won't bless you." Lv Zhuanggong said: "Even if I can't see all the litigation cases, I will make a reasonable judgment based on the facts."
Cao Gui replied, "That's what I did. You can fight a battle (with this condition). If you fight, please allow me to go with you. " Duke Zhuang of Lu and Cao Gui rode in the same car and fought against the Qi army in the ladle. Duke Zhuang of Lu will order drums to advance. Cao Gui said, "Not yet." Wait until the Qi army drums three times.
Cao Gui said, "You can beat the drums." The Qi army was defeated. Duke Zhuang of Lu wants to order horses to chase the Qi army. Cao Gui said, "Not yet." Say that finish, he got out of the chariot, looked at the trace of Qi's wheels, boarded the chariot again, propped up the crossbar in front of the chariot and watched the formation of Qi. He said, "We can pursue it." So I chased the Qi army.
After winning the battle, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked him why he won. Cao Gui replied: Fighting depends on morale. The first drum beating can boost the morale of soldiers, the second drum beating will start to hurt the morale of soldiers, and the third drum beating will exhaust the morale of soldiers. Their morale has disappeared, but the morale of our army is rising, so we beat them.
In a big country like Qi, it is difficult to speculate on their situation, for fear that they will have an ambush there. Later, I saw that the track of their wheels was chaotic and the flag fell, so I ordered to chase them. "
This article is taken from Zuo Qiuming's Debate on Cao Gui in the pre-Qin period.
Extended data writing background:
Cao Gui's argument comes from Zuo Zhuan's Ten Years of Zhuang Gong. This paper narrates his comments on this war in the Battle of Long Spoon, and the historical fact that he used the principle of "gathering, losing and exhausting" to repel the powerful Qi army in wartime.
This paper expounds how to correctly apply the principle of strategic defense in the war-only by "winning the trust of the people", implementing the correct policy of "the enemy is exhausted and we will fight" and choosing the favorable opportunity for counterattack and pursuit can we strengthen with small enemies.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi and Lu were neighbors, both in today's Shandong Province, Qi was in the northeast and Lu was in the southwest. In 697 BC, Qi Xianggong ascended the throne, and his decrees were impermanent. His younger brothers Xiao Bai and Gong Zijiu fled to Ju 'an and Lu 'an respectively. In the second year, Qi Xianggong was killed by Gongsun's ignorance.
In the spring of the third year, the Qi people killed Sun Ignorant, and his son first returned to the State of Qi and proclaimed himself emperor. Later, Duke Zhuang of Lu personally led the troops to escort the son back to China for a long time to compete for the throne. In August, Lu fought with Qi Shi, and the Lu army was defeated.
Qi Huangong forced Duke Zhuang of Lu to kill Gong Zijiu. In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the State of Qi used the excuse that Lu had helped Gongsun Jiu to compete for the throne of Qi, and the two armies again confronted Lu. This is the battle of Qilu long spoon described in the article.
About the author:
Zuo Qiuming (502 BC-422 BC), surnamed Zuo, was named Qiu Ming (,Ming Ming), a native of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and was a historian. Shi Heng Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province. Zuo Qiuming is rich in ancient books such as astronomy, geography, literature and history.