When did Scutellaria barbata bloom?
Scutellaria barbata blooms at this time in July and August.
growing environment
Sex likes warm and sunny environment, and dark and humid places are not good for growth. Extremely barren, the general soil can adapt, especially suitable for sandy soil with good drainage. Flowers that see sunshine close in the morning, evening and cloudy days, so they are called sun flowers and noon flowers. The flowering period is from May to165438+1October, and it blooms all year round in Lingnan area.
Sunflower is an annual succulent grass flower. Plant height 12 ~ 15 cm, round stem, creeping on the ground, inclined apex, many branches, slightly bright and smooth. It blooms continuously from June to September, and the flowers are solitary or clustered at the top of branches. The stem is 3 ~ 4 cm. There are double petals and single petals. Because it has the habit of flowering in the sun. Flowers are closed in the morning, at night and on cloudy days. The stronger the sunshine, the better the flowers bloom, so they are named Sunflower and Afternoon Flower.
distribution range
Native to South America, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and other places. It is cultivated all over China: most of it is born on hillsides and fields. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.
cultivation techniques
Growth condition
Sunflower seeds are very small, about 8400 per gram. Seedlings are usually sown in seedling trays, slightly covered with fine vermiculite, or slightly compacted after sowing to ensure sufficient water. The germination temperature is 2 1 ~ 24℃, and the emergence time is about 7 ~ 10 days. Therefore, if the temperature is kept at a high level, the seedlings will grow rapidly and form thick and fleshy branches and leaves. At this time, seedlings can be directly put into pots, and pots with a diameter of about 10 cm are used, and 2-5 plants are planted in each pot, which has high survival rate and fast growth.
Extremely barren, the general soil can adapt, and sandy soil with good drainage is the most suitable. You can sow and reproduce by yourself.
Flowers that see sunshine close in the morning, evening and cloudy days, so they are called sun flowers and noon flowers.
To propagate by sowing or cutting. Sowing can be done in spring, summer and autumn. When the temperature is above 20℃, the seeds germinate and germinate about 10 day after sowing. Cover the soil thinly, and you can grow without it. Seedlings are planted separately, and the row spacing is 5×6 cm. Liquid fertilizer needs to be applied several times. The temperature is above 65438 05℃, and it blooms in about 20 days. Cutting propagation is usually used for double-petal varieties. In summer, cut branches are used as cuttings, wilting stems can also be used, and buds appear after living cuttings. Transplanted plants don't need soil, and they don't need to be watered often during the growing period. When the fruit is ripe, it cracks and the seeds are easy to scatter, so it needs to be harvested in time.
Planting: one seed propagation: sowing in Sichuan in September ~ 10. Soil preparation before sowing, ditching depth 1.3 m, horizontal ditching, row spacing of 30 cm, depth of 4 ~ 6 cm. Help sow about 10 cm, and make it flat and loose. Seeds need to be mixed with people.
In plant ash where livestock manure is used, it is turned into seed ash, and 5 ~ 6 liang of seeds are used per mu. When sowing, first apply human manure in the ditch and evenly sprinkle seed ash.
Dicotyledonous propagation: after harvesting in summer, dig out the old pockets, choose the ones that grow well, divide them into small pockets, plant them with a row spacing of 30 cm and a plant spacing of 7 ~ 10 cm, and pour in livestock manure.
3. Field management: seed propagation, when the seedling height is 1 cm, water the seedling once with light human and animal feces. When the seedling height is 3 ~ 4 cm, it should be evenly distributed and replanted. Leave a seedling every 3 ~ 4 cm, and bring soil when replenishing the seedling. After sowing evenly, intertillage and weeding once, and topdressing in parallel. For propagation by ramets, it is necessary to remove the topdressing once when new seedlings are produced after planting, and then it is only necessary to pull up the grass and loosen the soil, and topdressing once during the winter after harvesting in September, and 5438+065438+ 10 in June.
Maintenance points
Sunflowers are generally based on seed reproduction and have strong self-sowing ability. However, with the emergence of a large number of new horticultural varieties, it is difficult to collect their seeds. Especially the new horticultural varieties with double petals do not bear seeds after flowering. Therefore, cutting can be used for family reproduction.
Overwintering of seedlings: after the first frost and solar term (Shanghai area) every year, the double-petal sunflower is moved to indoor sunshine. Put it on the inside of the glass window after winter, so that the soil in the basin is a little dry, and it can be safely wintered. After Tomb-Sweeping Day in the following year, the flowerpot can be placed outside the window, and it needs to be maintained in the window in case of cold current.
Cutting time: from the beginning of May to the end of August, the top of the tender stem of about 5cm can be cut.
Preparation of culture soil: it can be prepared by mixing 3 parts of garden cooked soil, 5 parts of yellow sand, 2 parts of chaff ash or fine sawdust evenly and adding a little calcium superphosphate powder.
Planting containers: pottery pots, porcelain pots, plastic flower pots or other containers with water seepage at the bottom. Put tiles on the bottom of the seepage to facilitate seepage, and then plant them in the culture soil.
Cutting method: planing the culture soil in the container, and inserting the cut sunflower twigs into the holes poked by bamboo chopsticks, with the depth of the culture soil not exceeding 2 cm at most. In order to make the potted flowers shape and plump as soon as possible, one pot can see the size of one pot. As long as the spacing of 2 cm can be maintained, multiple plants can be cut (other pots can be planted when there are many seedlings). Then pour in enough water. New cuttings can be shaded or not. As long as they keep a certain humidity, they can survive in 10 ~ 15 days and enter normal maintenance.
Maintenance at ordinary times: Sunflowers have fewer pests and diseases. Keeping a certain humidity at ordinary times and applying one thousandth of potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every half month can make flowers bright and colorful. If multiple varieties are cut in a pot and all kinds of flowers are opened in a pot, the appreciation value is higher.
control of insect
Focus on the prevention and control of aphids, apricot bees, apricot cone crustaceans and so on.
Aphids: The key to control aphids is to spray chemicals before germination, that is, during the flower bud expansion period. At this stage, 4000 ~ 5000 times of imidacloprid solution can be used. After germination, 4,000 ~ 5,000 times of imidacloprid solution and 2,000 ~ 3,000 times of cypermethrin solution can kill aphids and treat almond bees. Aphids can be used to kill 1500 times solution after fruit setting.
Spherical crustaceans: spray 50 ~ 80 times of oil emulsion before germination and in late May, and add 1500 times of Dilebon.
Main value
Medicinal value
Has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, relieving swelling and pain, and resisting cancer. Jiang Yi's Collection of Medicine Mirror records that "Scutellaria barbata and Mesona chinensis can relieve snake wound". In addition to treating poisonous snake bites, folk medicine is also used to treat tumors, which has a certain effect. "Compendium of Materia Medica" records that "this grass flower is purple-white, the grass is purple-red, and it was picked in July and August". Treat sore throat, scald, traumatic knife wound, hemorrhage and wet sore. Gargle with mashed juice for sore throat, and apply other mashed pastes externally.
pharmacodynamics
[sexual taste] pungent and flat.
1: Flora of Medicinal Plants in Guangxi is pungent, slightly fishy, flat and nontoxic.
2. The pharmacology of Nanning is sweet, flat and non-toxic.
3. Jiangxi folk prescription is flat, bitter and non-toxic.
4. The handbook of traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in Guangzhou army is slightly bitter and cold.
Indications: clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, relieving pain, treating hematemesis, nosebleeds, bloody stranguria, dysentery, jaundice, sore throat, lung carbuncle, furuncle, carbuncle, sore poison, cancer, traumatic knife injury and snake bite.
1: Nanjing folk herbs to break blood and dredge channels.
2. The Atlas of Guangxi Medicinal Plants has the functions of diminishing inflammation, removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, treating traumatic injury and bloody dysentery.
3. Nanning Pharmacology can reduce swelling, relieve pain and treat traumatic injuries, knife wounds and ulcers.
4. Quanzhou Herbal Medicine has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, expelling wind, promoting blood circulation and qi circulation, promoting diuresis and dredging collaterals, breaking blood and relieving pain. Oral administration is used to treat stranguria, hematemesis and nosebleeds, and external use is used to treat snake bites, carbuncle, furuncle and unknown poisoning.
5. Guangzhou Army commonly uses Chinese medicine manuals to clear away heat and detoxify, which can improve symptoms such as appendicitis and hepatitis when treating cancer.
6. Chengdu Handbook of Common Herbal Therapy is used to treat esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and uterine cancer. [Usage and dosage] Take orally, decoct soup, 0.5 ~ 1 2 (fresh 1 ~ 2), or mash juice.
External use/application
Tamp. [Contraindications] It is not suitable for people with blood deficiency, and pregnant women should use it with caution.
Dye use
Black dye can be extracted from whole grass.
Arima
The flower language of the sun flower: silent love, light, enthusiasm, loyalty, sunshine, positive and upward.