Zhang Fanjin
Many people will say that this topic is a gossip proposition. Indeed, Lianchi Academy is a giant of scenic spots and a source of culture. Emperor Qianlong "fortunately visited" three times and gave plaques with poems. Mao Zedong visited the lotus twice in October 1918 and November 1952. Especially on November 22, 1952, Chairman Mao visited the Lotus Pond again and revisited his old place with emotion. Many, he said: "The key reason why Lotus Pond is famous is that Lotus Pond Academy is famous. In the late Qing Dynasty, Lotus Pond Academy could be called the best academy in the country." ("Selected Collection of Baoding Cultural and Historical Materials·First Edition of Lianchi Academy" edited by Baoding CPPCC in March 1984) The evaluation of Lianchi Academy has never been higher. For such an academy that is known as the best in the country, whether it is historical origin or geographical relationship, how does Nangong relate to it? Maybe it really doesn't seem like it should be. But as Mr. Lu Xun said, some things that we hope for are not as expected, and things that we think may not be as expected often turn out to be exactly as expected. It was the Nangong Monument and Zhang Yuzhao that made me think so. Following Mr. Hu Shi's academic thinking of "bold assumptions and careful verification", I "carefully" read through some materials, and I learned a lot. It can be said with certainty that Nangong is not only related to Lianchi Academy, but also has relatives. There are both people and things involved. There are six people and three things.
The six people are Liu Dengying, Qi Fupi, Li Gangji, Chen Qingzhen, Xing Zhixiang and Song Chaozhen. According to the information currently available, among the Nangong students studying at Lianchi Academy, at least these six people are famous and are the leaders of Lianchi students.
Liu Dengying, courtesy name Ji Tang, was a native of Liushai Village, Nangong. When he was 15 years old, he was selected by Wu Rulun, the magistrate of Jizhou, as a "talented person" to study at Xindu Academy for free. In the 14th year of Guangxu's reign (1888), he ranked first in the rural examination and was awarded the discipline of Julu County. At that time, Wu Rulun went to Jizhou to teach at Lianchi Academy, and Liu Dengying also went there to study. After the political change of the Qing Dynasty, Liu was sent to Japan by the Zhili School Division to inspect education. He returned to China and served as a provincial inspection school and an excellent normal teacher at Baoding College. In the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), Liu Dengying was awarded the title of magistrate of Shandong County. The good thing is that he refuses to take any responsibility. In the next twenty or thirty years, he successively served as a professor at Hebei University and Shanxi University. He devoted himself to education and was deeply respected by students. He is the author of one volume of ethical lectures and four volumes of poetry and essays.
Qi Fupi (1867-1919), named Maoxuan, was a native of Qijiazhuang, Nangong. He was elected in the 19th year of Guangxu (1893 AD). He successively participated in the public petitions organized by Kang and Liang, which were hailed as the beginning of China's mass political movement by history circles and the Protectorate Association. In the 23rd year of Guangxu (AD 1897), he went to study there because he admired the name of Wu Rulun, the lecturer of Lianchi Academy. Later, he taught at Handan Academy and Zhili Excellent Normal School, worked as a provincial inspector, and went to Japan as a Zhili academic officer to inspect academic affairs. Because many of his specific opinions on the development of education could not be appreciated by his superiors, he angrily resigned and returned home to concentrate on developing education in his hometown. Beginning in 1911, the independent Nangong County Middle School was established, becoming the first middle school in Nangong and surrounding counties. Because of his remarkable achievements in running schools, the governor of Zhili Province awarded him the post of county magistrate. In the fourth year of Xuantong (AD 1912), Qi Fupi was appointed magistrate of Huimin County, Shandong Province, and was later sent to assist the magistrate of Wuding. He was dismissed from his post and returned to the countryside for punishing a gambling leader named Long. After returning home, he succeeded as the principal of Nangong County Public Middle School. He died of illness at his home in Qijiazhuang in August 1919 at the age of 53.
Li Gangji (1872-1914), a native of Sun Village, Nangong. At the age of thirteen, he took part in the Jizhou Examination as a child. At that time, there were three famous ancient writers of the Tongcheng School in Jizhou, namely Wu Rulun of Tongcheng, the magistrate of Jizhou, Fan Kentang of Tongzhou, and Wu Qiang He Tao. After these three people read Li Gangji's article, they all exclaimed, "This genius is something we all fear." Wu Rulun specially arranged for Li Gangji to learn ancient Chinese from Fan Kentang in the Yamen, and he also tutored him personally. Later, Wu became the dean of Lianchi Academy and took Li Gangji to study there. Mr. Xing Zanting, a local sage, recalled in "Memoirs of Lianchi Academy" that "when Mr. Wu was in charge, Li Gangji had the greatest reputation. When Wu was a student in Jizhou, he was only thirteen years old. When he took the exam with other students, he was surprised at the sight of his talent. , he was kept in the office, and Xin Xi personally taught and supervised him. He came to Lianchi and ranked first in every test. His peers were astonished and did not dare to compete with the school. Then he became a Jinshi (the same year as Kang Youwei). "( The first volume of "Selected Hebei Literary and Historical Materials" (Hebei People's Publishing House, 1980) was the 20th year of Guangxu's reign, and Li Gang was only 22 years old. In the 24th year of Guangxu's reign, he was appointed magistrate of Datong County in Shanxi Province. If he could not fulfill his duties for seven years, he could only act as magistrate of counties and prefectures in remote counties. Due to repeated hardships and physical and mental exhaustion, he returned home due to illness in 1914 and came to Baoding. Zhao Xianhui, a native of Huiyi, sponsored the Zhili Normal University and urged Li Gangji to teach there. Li Gangji taught for several months and was very popular among students. He had a weak constitution. After working hard in Datong, he often suffered from phlegm and cough. He contracted dysentery in the summer, which lasted until October and became bedridden. He died of illness in November 1914 at the age of forty-three. His works include one volume of poems, one volume of essays, and three volumes of "A Brief History of Western Teaching". Later generations compiled it into "The Posthumous Collection of Mr. Li Gangji", and Wu Rulun's son Wu Kaisheng wrote the preface.
Chen Qingzhen, who is from Nangong?
The Republic of China edition of "Nangong County Chronicles" records that Chen Qingzhen, courtesy name Boyin, his father died young and his family was poor, but he loved learning very much. He was the first among all the children in the academy every class. At the age of fifteen, he entered the town and was rewarded by the mountain chief. Mr. He moved to Lianchi, the provincial capital, to teach, and took the emperor with him. In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903 AD), he passed the Guimao Examination. The following year, he was sent to Japan to study at the provincial government's expense. After returning to China, he was directly affiliated with the Department of Education. Appointed as a lecturer and head of the department, he was promoted to Yuanwailang. After the Republic of China, he served as the director of the General Department of the Ministry of Education and directly inspected the four provincial departments of Jilin and Heilongjiang. He served for more than ten years and died of illness due to overwork.
Xing Zhixiang (1880~1972) was named Zanting, one was Zanting and the other was Zhanting. A native of Nangongxi Tangsu Village. In his early years, he studied under Wu Rulun at Renchi Academy. He later studied in Japan and graduated from the Law Department of Tokyo Imperial University. He served as counselor of the Ministry of Justice of the Beiyang Government and Secretary-General of the Tianjin Municipal Government. He believed in the concept of saving the country through industry. He once operated many industries in Beijing, Tianjin, Tang and other places, and most of his shares were owned by the Communist Party of China. In early 1949, as a well-known social sage, he participated in the Peking Peaceful Liberation Group, traveling between the People's Liberation Army and General Fu Zuoyi, and made important historical contributions to the peaceful liberation of Peking. Mr. Xing is good at literary and historical research and is fond of collecting ancient editions of books, especially Song editions. As a well-known non-party patriot, a loyal friend of the Communist Party, a jurist, a red industrialist, an expert on literature and history, and a bibliophile, he served as the first director of the Beijing Museum of Literature and History and the deputy director of the Central Research Institute of Literature and History after liberation. His second brother, Xing Yuqing, was one of the first batch of aviation students in China. The third brother Xing Xiping (Xu Bing) is a senior cadre of our party and served as the executive vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference after liberation.
Song Chaozhen is the Nangong native who has stayed at Lianchi Academy the longest as far as is known. According to the Republic of China version of "Nangong County Chronicles", Bichen, Zhenzi of the Song Dynasty, "studied at Baoding Lianchi Academy and was known to the mountain chiefs Zhang Lianqing and Wu Zhifu for literature." Because he was "a smart man and a talented official", he stayed in the academy " "He was promoted to the academy" and "he was highly relied upon by the mountain chief", so that "it was difficult for him to succeed him". The promotion is similar to the current role of executive vice president or secretary general. Because he was "relyed upon by the mountain chief", under his coordination and promotion, the "Reconstruction of Nangong County Academic Records", written and written by the famous Confucian scholar Zhang Yuzhao, was erected with a stone tablet, which gave the Nangong domain a clear path A famous monument that attracts attention at home and abroad. During the Song Dynasty, he served as Changyuan Xuedao, Shulu Jiaoyu, and Zhili Academic Affairs. He later served in Zouxian County, Weixian County, and Heze County, Shandong Province, and became the magistrate of Heze County. In Weixian, he presided over the compilation of "Weixian Local Chronicles" in the 33rd year of Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1907 AD), which has been circulated to this day.
Three things are Nangong Stele, Jiang Dengxuan Stele and Nangong County Chronicle.
The Nangong Stele, which is the stele of "Rebuilding Nangong County Academic Records", was written and written by Zhang Yuzhao, the famous calligrapher and director of Lianchi Academy at the time, and was promoted under the supervision of Wu Rulun, who succeeded the director and was the magistrate of Jizhou at the time. , the academy promoted and coordinated the Song Dynasty and implemented it. I have written an article "Five Sages and Jade Congratulations to Nangong Stele" to describe it in detail, so I will not go into details here.
The Jiang Dengxuan Monument is a group of monuments, including the "Generalissimo's Order" monument, the "Army General Supervises the Anhui Military Affairs Follow-up Affairs Jiang Cemetery Table" and the "Army General Supervises the Anhui Military Affairs Jiang Gong Shinto" monument. Because she combines the functions of writing about famous people, writing articles about famous people, and writing elixirs about famous people, I call it one of the "three treasures" and write an article to remember it. The person who accomplished this "three" treasure monument must be the leader of the Lotus Pond, Xing Zhixiang. Out of friendship with his fellow villagers, he brought the unfortunately murdered rural sage Jiang Dengxuan back to his hometown, buried him in Jiang Gong's hometown, and buried him in his hometown. Three monuments were erected in the cemetery to commemorate him. Among them, the author of the stele "Jiang Gong Tomb Table" was Wang Shunan, a well-known Confucian who studied at Lianchi Academy in Baoding. Wang Shunan (1852-1936) was born in Xincheng, Hebei Province. He was a Jinshi in Guangxu and was named Taolu Old Man. He was employed by Wu Rulun, the magistrate of Jizhou, to lecture at Jizhou Xindu Academy, and was promoted to the chief envoy of Xinjiang. He set up an armament school in Yili, presided over the supervision and training of the new army, and compiled the "Illustrated Chronicles of Xinjiang" and authored "Collected Works of Tao Lu". After entering the Republic of China, he was hired to compile "Manuscripts of Qing History". Mr. Fu Zhenlun, an expert on historical records, said that the epitaph written by Wang Shunan for Jiang Dengxuan was "elegant and serious, not false and beautiful, and sufficient for national history" (the third volume of "Nangong Literature and History Materials"). The person who wrote the elixir on the tombstone was also a top student of Lianchi Academy, Liu Chunlin from Suning, Hebei Province. Liu Chunlin (1872-1944) is not only the leader of Lianchi, but also famous for his last number one scholar. He was the number one scholar in Jiachen Enke in the 30th year of Guangxu (1904 AD), and was among the last batch of number one scholars in Chinese history. It is also called Mo Ke, so Liu Chunlin calls himself "the last among the first." After becoming the number one scholar, he was awarded the title of editor of the Hanlin Academy, and later served as a reviewer of the Council for Political Affairs. He was named the academic envoy of Fujian, the promoter of Zhili Law and Political School, and the supervisor of Beiyang Women's Normal School. Especially when he was the Secretary of the Presidential Office, he twice served as the special envoy to represent President Xu Shichang to preside over the Confucius Dacheng Festival ceremony in Qufu, and became well-known throughout the country as the highest representative of a culture. In particular, in March 1934, Puyi established the Manchu Empire in Changchun. In April, the puppet Prime Minister Zheng Xiaoxu offered a large sum of money and promised an important position, but he flatly refused. After the "July 7th" Incident, the traitor Wang Yitang wanted to use Liu Chunlin's reputation as the number one scholar to recruit him to surrender. He personally came to invite him with heavy gifts and hoped that he would serve as the mayor of Peiping. Liu Chunlin replied sternly, "I would rather be a Chinese beggar than a foreign slave." ". Since then, he has stayed at home, faded out of politics, and made a living by selling calligraphy and paintings.
"Nangong County Chronicles" is the Republic of China version of "Nangong County Chronicles". The chief planner and coordinator is Xing Zhixiang, and the chief editor is Yanshan Jia Enfu, Xing Zhixiang's senior student at Lianchi Academy.
Jia Enfu (1865-1948), also known as Peiqing, entered Baoding Lianhuachi Academy in the 16th year of Guangxu (1890) and studied under Wu Rulun. His grades were among the best and he was highly praised by scholars at that time. He was a famous educator and local chronicler in modern China. In 1915, he presided over the Zhili General Chronicles Bureau to compile the "Zhili General Chronicles", which was completely completed by 1917. Later, he wrote and compiled "New Chronicles of Yanshan", "Ding County Chronicles", "Nangong County Chronicles", "New Chronicles of Qingyuan", "Zaoqiang County Chronicles" and many other volumes. The "Nangong County Chronicle" compiled by Jia Enfu is the sixth revision.
From the above, it is clear that Nangong and Lianchi Academy have a deep relationship.
?March 2015
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