Appraisal of the value of stone tablets

The first thing that determines the value of stele extension is the calligrapher's creative level. Even an unknown calligrapher is often valuable if he belongs to a representative book in a certain historical stage. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, most calligraphers did not leave their names, but this did not affect their artistic value. Secondly, the means of seal cutting, the most representative example is Chu Suiliang's Preface to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Tang Dynasty, which was completed by the famous seal carver Wan Wenshao and kept the charm of calligraphy to the greatest extent. Thirdly, the techniques of rubbings, including the quality of paper, the quality of hammering and the exquisite degree of ink, will affect the charm of rubbings if they are not handled properly. According to the experience of predecessors, the identification of rubbings is first measured by paper and ink. Ancient extension is different from the north and the south. In the north, the paper is thick, the paper grain is horizontal, the texture is loose, and it is not easy to collect ink. Therefore, the color of northern ink is blue and light, which is not in harmony with oil wax, and the overall color is light and wrinkled; The southern paper is thin, the ink is lampblack wax, the color is pure black, and the surface has floating light. If it's a fake, it will be black when you wipe it with your finger. Due to the special properties of ancient paper, its appearance is different. Although its face is yellow and its inside is white, it is not easy to change color. Forgers are always consistent inside and outside, which looks better, but in fact it will be false. Generally speaking, the blade is constantly damaged and deformed after being tempered, so rubbing should be done early. The unpainted ones are better than the framed ones, and the whole ones are undoubtedly better than the cut ones and the framed ones.

There are also chronological factors that determine the value of rubbings, which can be verified through rubbings collation. There are usually three eras of rubbings, namely, the writing era, the engraving era and the rubbings era. The first two are basically not too long apart. Usually, the age of rubbings refers to the age of rubbings, which can be judged according to the inscriptions and seals of rubbings themselves. If it is a famous collection, it is more valuable if it has a credible seal. Before that, we must understand the concepts of copying, reprinting, republishing, pseudo-engraving, complementary engraving and ancestor edition. Reprint is relative to the original. Only when you know that a book has been reprinted in a certain place can you call it reprint. However, the situation is more complicated, and it is related to the original work, so we can't judge reprinting casually, because the meaning of reprinting is similar to that of reprinting, which is easy to be confused. Re-engraving is to re-engrave the proofread copy, and its line layout can be the same as or different from the original. Although seal cutting is also a re-engraving, seal cutting is based on the original manuscript, not only the number of words in the line remains the same, but even the taboo words and the surname of the seal cutter are still engraved on it. Therefore, when using duplicate titles, on the one hand, we should pay attention to whether they are duplicated. A forger fabricates a book according to the information in the book, and then the writing and engraving are all false and worthless. The earliest block-printed or rubbings of books or rubbings are the ancestors. If it belongs to ancestral books, orphan books, rare books and rare books, once it is circulated in an orderly manner, it will naturally be expensive. Generally speaking, things are rare, among which rare books and rare books have the highest value. Nowadays, Ming Tuo and early Qing Tuo are all rare books, while Tang Tuo, Song Tuo and Ming Tuo are all rare books. No matter what tablet, as long as it is the early rubbings unearthed in the Qing Dynasty, it is a rare book, and those with inscriptions, inscriptions and collection marks are also rare books.