1． "Four Books and Five Classics"
"Four Books and Five Classics" is the "Bible" of China. "Four Books and Five Classics" is the collective name for the "Great Learning", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius" (the Four Books), as well as the "Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes" and "Spring and Autumn" (Five Classics) . This is a textbook that has been read by Chinese people for thousands of years. It contains ancient Chinese political ideals and governance. It is a key to our understanding of ancient Chinese society. Many words in the book, such as "do your duty", "just words", "eloquent words", etc., are still used today.
2. "Laozi"
"Laozi" has five thousand words, which has shocked the past and the present, and there are countless works on it. Laozi is China's first pure philosopher, and Laozi's thoughts have become a deep-rooted ideological tendency of the Chinese people. The idea of ??Tao following nature and being quiet and inactive has an important influence on almost every literate Chinese person. "Laozi"
The text is simple, the reasoning is thorough, the meaning is profound, and it is full of dialectical spirit, which can especially inspire people's thinking. The text of "Laozi" is not particularly difficult, and there are many annotators in the past. Choosing a better version will help with reading comprehension.
3． "Zhuangzi"
"Zhuangzi" inherits and develops the ideas of "Laozi", and together with "Laozi" is called "Laozi" and becomes a Taoist classic. Zhuangzi had a very optimistic attitude towards life and death, and "singing with a drum and basin" became a typical portrait of Zhuangzi. The text of "Zhuangzi" represents the highest achievement of pre-Qin prose and has a profound impact on the development of ancient Chinese prose. The book uses a large number of fables to explain reasoning, such as "The Cook Ding Jie Niu" is a famous one.
4. "Han Feizi"
"Han Feizi" is a collection of pre-Qin legalist thought. Han Feizi's thought was the dominant thought in China's first unified feudal dynasty. Legalist thought is a representative of the "hegemony" of ancient Chinese politics that uses force to convince people. Together with the "royal way" of convincing people with virtue represented by the "Four Books and Five Classics", they are mutually exclusive. The rulers of all dynasties have more or less affected by it.
5. "Sun Tzu's Art of War"
"Sun Tzu's Art of War" is not China's first military book, but it is the best military book. It was born against the background of hundreds of years of war in the Spring and Autumn Period, and covers all important aspects of military affairs. The problem has been regarded as a guideline by military strategists of all dynasties in our country. It has also been translated into many foreign languages ??and has global influence. The concise sentences of "Sun Tzu's Art of War" contain rich content, and they also provide a lot of inspiration for people's behavior in contemporary business society.
6． "Huangdi Neijing"
"Huangdi Neijing" is my country's first medical book. It is said to be written by Huangdi and represents the earliest glorious achievements of medicine in the motherland. Its dialectical thinking on pathology and therapy has become the guiding ideology for the development of medicine in the motherland and laid a solid foundation for the development of traditional Chinese medicine. "Huangdi Neijing" was compiled into a book during the pre-Qin period. The text is relatively ancient, and readers who are not familiar with traditional Chinese medicine terminology may have some difficulties.
7． "Historical Records"
"Historical Records" was written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty after being imprisoned in the palace. Lu Xun called it "the swan song of the historian, a rhymeless lisao". It pioneered the compilation of chronicles and biographies in our country and became a model for official history revision in all dynasties. "Historical Records" records history from ancient times to the present time. The "book" part is difficult to understand, but it is the part where Sima Qian's historical thoughts are concentrated. The essence of the book lies in "Aristocratic Family" and "Biographies". Sima Qian painted for us many historical figures with personality and emotions. He poured his own emotions into historical figures. "Historical Records" is not only a historical work, but also a literary work.
8． "Shishuoxinyu"
Ignoring "Shishuoxinyu" ignores an extremely important aspect of the traditional Chinese spirit. The romance of the Wei and Jin Dynasties has become the ideal personality of generations of scholars, which is inseparable from their pursuit of beauty, freedom, and affectionate and unrestrained nature. The stories in this book are short and concise, the writing is concise and catchy, the thoughts may be fresh and unrestrained,
or they may be deep and vigorous, and the readers often find something to understand.
9. "Zhenguan Politicians"
The Zhenguan rule of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty is regarded as the representative of the ideal Qingming politics in Chinese feudal society. This book is a work that records the conversations and activities of Li Shimin's emperor and ministers. Li Shimin was a man of great talent and strategy, and he met several unparalleled talents. He was a wise king and an outstanding minister, and he created a great cause for a generation. Their thoughts on governing the country and their way of doing things have become models that are still worthy of our critical absorption today.
10． "Diamond Sutra"
The "Diamond Sutra" is not a book written by Chinese. It is an Indian Buddhist scripture, but it has become an integral part of Chinese traditional culture for more than 1,000 years. Because of its short length and representative thoughts, it has become the most recited sutra. The idea that "form is emptiness, emptiness is color" it promotes has become one of the themes of Chinese Buddhism. Its short length may make up for some of the awkwardness of the text.
11． "Tan Sutra"
"Tan Sutra" was written by a disciple of Huineng, the Sixth Patriarch of Zen Buddhism. It is also known as "Tan Sutra", which is the first work to express Chinese Buddhist thought. It also combined Chinese tradition with Buddhist teachings to create pure Chinese Zen.
The method of preaching and attaining enlightenment through heart-to-heart communication is very popular. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, it not only affected intellectuals, but also the working people. The Tan Sutra has profound thoughts and simple words. It is not difficult to understand the literal meaning.
12. "Yan's Family Instructions"
Published by Yan Zhi in the Northern Dynasties. Ancient China was a patriarchal society, and the ideal life in this society was farming, studying, and passing down the family lineage. "Yan Family Instructions" is a blueprint for maintaining this ideal and implementing it. It puts forward ideal standards and requirements for almost everything in the family. Therefore, once it came into being, it was regarded as a golden rule throughout the ages. Although there are some dogmatic and cumbersome aspects in it, there are also some aspects that are still valuable today.
13． "Zizhi Tongjian"
A representative of ancient Chinese chronicle historical works, written by Sima Guang of the Northern Song Dynasty. "Zizhi Tongjian" records the history from the Warring States Period to the Five Dynasties and serves as a reference for rulers. This book is clearly organized, with pictures of people and gods, and clear and thorough explanations. It is a historical masterpiece with the highest literary achievement after "Historical Records". Later, "Xuzizhi Tongjian" and "Qing Tongjian" formed a complete ancient chronicle system.
14. "Cai Gen Tan"
"Cai Gen Tan" is a book compiled by Hong Yingming in the Ming Dynasty. It is a collection of aphorisms about cultivating one's life and dealing with people and things. It combines the Confucian doctrine of the mean and the Taoist thought of inaction. Together with the Buddhist thought of rebirth, it forms a method system of living and rebirth in the world. Because it talks about the basic relationship between people and things, and between people, it has been circulated for a long time and still has a lot of inspiring value until now. Whether you are a winner or a loser, whether you are in business or politics, you can find your favorite sentences.
15. "Family Letters of Zeng Guofan"
Zeng Guofan was a famous minister of the ZTE and a leader of Neo-Confucianism at that time. The letters he wrote to his family and children while he was busy with military affairs and official duties showed that he used feudal Neo-Confucianism to deal with family affairs. The view of family growth under the guidance of concepts gained a high reputation at that time and later. At the end of feudal society, he tried to revive feudal morality, but some of the basic concepts of self-cultivation, family harmony, and society were also very meaningful. Comrade Mao Zedong said when he was young: "If you are stupid than your neighbors, you will only obey Zeng Wenzheng.
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