In English, The were Jin Roh:The Wolfe Brigade is written as a "werewolf". In old English, werewolf means human. As the name implies, a werewolf can be interpreted as a human wolf, a monster that is half human and half wolf.
The Legend of Jinlu: Wolf Brigade can be traced back to ancient Greek mythology. Arcadia is the name of an inland city-state in ancient Greece, surrounded by mountains and isolated from the world. The leisurely pastoral life inspired the poet and made it the most charming place in pastoral poetry. In the pastoral poems describing Acadia, people praise innocence and simplicity, and at the same time express their yearning for the outside world. In the poem, the shepherd plays bagpipes and communicates with fairies; The shepherdess drives the sheep and sings while walking; The god of nature with goat's feet bounced in the Woods ... The Lord God Zeus personally came to verify whether it was like the paradise he heard, but the owner of Arcadia, Laikao, gave it to Zeus with a sacrifice mixed with human blood, so Zeus was furious and turned Laikao into a wolf as punishment. This is the origin of the Greek word "lykos". This myth also explains the religious ceremony of using people as sacrifices among Arcadian residents and the legend that people become wolves. "If you taste human blood when you become a wolf, you will temporarily lose the ability to change back to human form unless you can't touch human blood for 9 years." In Homer's epic Odyssey, Odyssey's grandfather's name is "Autolikos", which means "He is a wolf". Virgil, an ancient Roman poet, described that a wizard could turn himself into a wolf with poisonous weeds in the first century BC. Although transformation is usually understood as the shape of a wolf, it also includes the shapes of bears, cats and raptors in early legends.
2. The development and spread of the legend of man-wolf
From the above text, we can see that in the original version of the legend, only people can become wolves, but the concept of "Golden Deer Plain: Wolf Journey" has not been mentioned. The legend of a wolf who has a human appearance but can become a wolf can be traced back to witchcraft and mysticism that arose in the dark ages of the Middle Ages.
In the dark Middle Ages, the whole European continent was lifeless. At this stage, all kinds of horror legends about demons reached their peak, among which the most representative ones were The Legend of Vampires and Golden Deer Plain: Wolf Brigade. With innate fear, people all know that wolves will attack people. At that time, wolves had no reason to be afraid of people-muskets had not been invented, so The Legend of Jin Lu: Wolf Brigade was developed through Greek mythology. Sigismund, the Hungarian king and later leader of the Germanic dynasty of the Holy Roman Empire, urged the church to officially recognize the existence of Jinlu: Wolf Brigade in military department in14/4. In the16th century, the legend of Jinlu: Wolf Brigade has spread all over Europe. Towards the end of 17, a rumor about Jin Roh: Wolf Brigade spread, saying that they became blood-sucking zombies after their death. Therefore, the legend of vampires comes from "Golden Deer Plain: Wolf Journey" (the legend of vampires will be mentioned in another article, and this article will not describe it more). In addition, people's fear of Kinlu: The Wolf Brigade also includes Berserker-in Scandinavia before the spread of Christianity, Berserker seemed to be an admirer of the god of war Odin. The legendary Snorri Sturluson in Inga described Odin's soldiers like this: His soldiers went to the battlefield without any armor and behaved like wild dogs and wolves. They penetrated the enemy's shield and were as strong as bears and as strong as cattle. They will kill people, but they won't be hurt by fire or steel sharp tools at all. So this madness is called "rage". Some people say they are afraid of wearing wolf skin. The legend of Jin Roh: The Wolf Brigade spread rapidly in Europe, and the more bizarre and horrible it was, the more ghostly the story spread.
3. Who will become Jinlu: the legendary Wolf Brigade?
Jin Lu: The wolf brigade is changed by people, and it is generally divided into
Voluntary: This kind of person is considered to have made an agreement with Satan and sold his soul in exchange for the devil's power. Many legends describe this kind of person as "turning into a killer at night and restoring human form during the day". Due to the amazing spread of The Legend of Jinlu: Wolf Brigade, the Roman Catholic Church, which gradually occupied the dominant position in Europe, decided to launch an official investigation. It turns out that many people fantasize that they are werewolves and have superhuman abilities, and finally become severe schizophrenics (also known as "wolf paranoia"). From 1520 to1mid-7th century, there were about 30,000 cases of wolf paranoia in Europe, with the largest number in France, Serbia, Bohemia and Hungary in Eastern Europe. Let me give you an example here: 1589, the German wolf-changing paranoid Stub Pitt killed 25 adults and children, including his own son. Pete not only killed them, but also drank the blood of the victims. He claimed that he would not let all animals and insects go, simply because he "made an agreement with the devil".
2 Involuntary: Legend has it that a person who is not careful will become Jin Luo: Wolf Brigade. In Sicily, Italy, if a woman is pregnant at the full moon, her child will be considered as Jin Roh: The Wolf Brigade. According to German folklore, if a person drinks the water from a mountain spring, he will become Jin Roh: Wolf Brigade. The Greeks believed that all epileptic patients were Jin Roh: Wolf Brigade. Serbs believe that if they drink the water from the footprints of wolves, they will become Jin Roh: Wolf Brigade. Legend has it that Jinlu: Wolves are God's punishment for criminals. Some famous saints (such as St. Paul and St. John) are believed to have the ability to turn criminals into Jinlu: Wolf Brigade. In Albania, it is said that women who behave shamefully will be found by the devil and wrapped in wolf skin. In order to atone, she will live in wolf skin for seven years like a wolf, and then return to human form.
In addition, there are some sayings that the baby born on Christmas Eve will be Kinro: Wolves, and people with squint eyebrows are considered as Kinro: Wolves and so on. The well-known Jinlu: The Wolf Journey of the Full Moon is a version that is constantly deduced from Sicilian legends. "The magic of the full moon will make the wolf's body impulsive and change." .
4. Is there really a wolf in this world?
Philosophers and religious thinkers put forward their theories that there is no possibility of becoming a wolf physically, but when the mind is controlled by Satan, people will behave like wolves. Generally speaking, in many beliefs, people think that only God has the ability to change people's body or mind. In fact, there is no such monster as the legendary Jinlu: Wolf Brigade, just as vampires have been proved to be non-existent.
As mentioned above, human beings have an instinctive fear of wolves-wolves tear livestock at will and attack people from time to time. Wolves are cruel by nature and have no moral standards. They only satisfy their own desires, so people regard them as the embodiment of the devil and evil, but people are full of curiosity and confusion about the strength, speed and social cooperation of wolves.
We can explore how the legend of man-wolf circulated in Europe came into being. In many early European works, the so-called Jinlu: Wolf Brigade was a very ill patient (personally, it was severe schizophrenia). Please look at the following description:
You can tell the characteristics of these people: pale face, dull eyes, dry eyes, dry tongue, unable to secrete saliva, but very thirsty.
These patients can't control their own behavior, and Jin Lu: After the wolf brigade became a wolf, there was no human behavior consciousness. It is this kind of patients who can't control themselves like normal people. They behave exactly like wolves-they will howl and pounce, bite whatever they catch, and have great strength.
With the continuous development of legends, these people are described more and more like wolves, and then evolved from humans to wolves. In some early literary works and stories, turning into a wolf was only achieved through some magical props, such as putting on wolf skin or wearing a magic belt. At this time, my body has not changed, and more is mentioned uncontrollable behavior. Later, with the continuous evolution of the legend, the image of Kinro: Wolves became more and more ferocious, and with mysterious witchcraft, Kinro: Wolves was endowed with super powers. In the Middle Ages, people's longing for witchcraft and magic caused more and more serious problems-more and more people became paranoid about changing wolves in search of so-called magic (see above), which in turn deepened the legendary horror and gradually formed a well-known "Jin Luo: The Story of a Wolf Journey". In modern times, with the vigorous rise of the film industry, the legends of the past began to be put on the screen. As a good theme of horror movies, The Legend of Man and Wolf has attracted a large number of directors and screenwriters. In these movies, Jin Lu: The transformation of Wolf Brigade is often the most terrible plot. In the past, people could only imagine the changes in the film, and the audience could clearly see the whole process: from the bone structure, skin texture and teeth, the hair gradually covered the whole body, the nose began to protrude, the fangs became bigger, and the ears became longer and sharper. "Golden Deer Plain: Wolf Brigade" is very different from the image shown to everyone in the movie now. The most obvious difference between them lies not in behavior, but in the description of physical changes.
Although many people know that Jinlu: Wolf Brigade is the product of nightmares and horror movies, Jinlu: Wolf Brigade was once considered a real beast-a ferocious beast. Today's society is no longer afraid of werewolves, but its influence is still visible-people's fear of wolves and some similar unknown creatures that haunt at night has almost become natural. Let's talk about Germany. Germany is a country that respects wolves very much, and regards wolves as a symbol of honor like eagles. Wolfgang and Wolfhard are very common in German names.
Surprisingly, some people still believe in the so-called "Golden Deer Biography: Wolf Brigade" today. Someone has done a survey in Russia, and 80% of the Russian farmers surveyed believe in wolves, which shows how much wrong imagination and legends have influenced people.
Episode: Jin Lu witnessed the report: a wolf-like creature.
For hundreds of years, social scientists and biologists have found that there are many versions of the legend of man and wolf, but none of them has the same description of Jin Lu and Wolf Brigade, so it is still impossible to give a complete and clear description of the appearance of Jin Lu and Wolf Brigade. However, there are still many eyewitness reports about similar creatures in the world.
Among these reports, the most famous and recent one was provided by a woman named delbert Gregg, who lives in Graydon, Texas. 1958 On a sultry and cloudy night in July, her husband went out and left her alone at home. It's going to rain and the wind has been blowing. Greg moved her bed under the window to cool off. At about midnight, she was awakened by a strange sound, which was close to her face and seemed to be scraping a metal screen window. Through the lightning that flashed across the horizon, she saw a "tall, unkempt, wolf-like monster, clutching the screen window in one hand and staring at a pair of big red eyes with cracks." Greg jumped out of bed in horror and turned to pick up the flashlight. At this time, the monster rushed into a large bush nearby. Soon, in shock, Greg saw a tall man walking on the road and disappearing into the darkness.
Another report came from 1936. A man named Mark Shakerman claimed to have seen a six-foot-tall, hairy monster digging on an Indian hill near Jefferson, Wisconsin. This monster "has a big nose protruding outward, looks like a dog, and some are like apes", "has pointed ears, hands like people, and smells like carrion". The next night, Shakelmandian saw the monster make a strange "three-syllable roar". He was so scared that he closed his eyes and prayed. The monster didn't attack him, but soon disappeared.
On June 365438+1October 3 1 Sunday of the same year, at about 8: 30 pm, a young woman was driving alone on Bray Avenue near Darwin, Wisconsin. Suddenly the car jolted violently, as if the right front wheel had run over something. She stopped the car in a hurry. At that moment, a dark and hairy figure came to her from the window. Frightened, the woman immediately started the motor and the car rushed out. The monster jumped into the trunk of the car, and the smooth metal surface made the monster unable to catch the car and was thrown out. When the woman went back, she found a friend to accompany her back and check it again. When the car approached the scene, they suddenly found a tall black shadow standing on the side of the road. After staring for a while, they turned and disappeared into the dense forest.
Time passed, 1989, and Lorianne Endrizzi was driving alone on that road. She found a big black shadow kneeling on the side of the road. She slowed down and took a closer look. Endrizzi later said that she saw that thing staring at her through the window. She estimated that the monster was about 6 feet tall, with brown hair, big pointed teeth and pointed ears. Endrizzi also claimed that monsters have noses like dogs and hands like people. A local farmer had the same witness report, but he thought it was a huge dog.
These reports are different for many years, and basically reflect the same situation, but all the witnesses can't clearly describe the specific details of this creature, even if hypnosis is used to investigate the witnesses who have seen aliens. There are some vague reports about catching this monster, but there is almost no reliable evidence. Without conclusive evidence needed for scientific research, this strange creature can only exist in legends and horror movies.