(2) abide by the principle of good faith. We should seek truth from facts in project design, data collection and analysis, publication of scientific research results, and confirmation of direct or indirect contributions of colleagues and collaborators to scientific research. Researchers have the responsibility to ensure the validity and accuracy of the data collected and published.
(3) Observe the principle of openness. On the premise of keeping state secrets and protecting intellectual property rights, the information of scientific research process and results should be made public, and the social benefits of scientific research activities should be maximized. In cooperative research and discussion of scientific research issues, we should enjoy information and provide relevant data and materials. When introducing scientific research achievements to the public, we should seek truth from facts.
(4) Abide by the principle of justice. The contributions of competitors and collaborators should be properly recognized and evaluated. Discussions and academic debates should be frank, scientific and fair. Mistakes and mistakes in the research results should be acknowledged in an appropriate way. It is not allowed to hinder competitors' scientific research work by various immoral and illegal means, including destroying competitors' research equipment or experimental results, deliberately delaying the inspection and evaluation time, and using their powers to transmit undisclosed scientific research results and information to others.
(5) Respect intellectual property rights. When the research results are published, those who have made creative contributions and are responsible for the relevant parts shall enjoy the right of signature, and shall not be excluded from the list of authors without the written consent of the above-mentioned personnel. In the publication, we can express our gratitude to the research assistants who participated in the general data collection, the personnel who supported and helped the research team and the units that provided facilities.
(6) Abide by the principles of declaration and avoidance. When conflicts of interest may occur in research, investigation, publication, publication to the media, provision of materials and facilities, application for funds, employment and promotion, all relevant personnel are obliged to declare organizations and individuals with direct, indirect and potential interests, including the possible impact of these conflicts of interest on the interests of others, and should avoid them when necessary.
Third, strengthen the construction of academic environment.
Academic discussion adheres to the principle of equality before the truth, respects academic freedom, advocates academic contention and rational questioning, and is not influenced by status, interests or administrative intervention. Leaders of affiliated institutions or departments have the responsibility to create a harmonious academic environment through reasonable organization, Qi Xin's cooperation, adjustment of contradictions, effective promotion of scientific research, supervision and guarantee of high-quality research.
The person in charge of the research team has the responsibility to clarify the division of labor and responsibilities of research, grasp the direction of research work, create an academic environment of unity and cooperation within the research team, effectively play the expertise and potential of all members of the research team, ensure that research work is carried out in accordance with the scientific research code of conduct, and conduct effective supervision.
It is necessary to further advocate the promotion of post-graduation education. Each research unit has the responsibility to appoint experienced senior researchers to guide new young researchers. The cultivation of graduate students and young researchers should not only teach necessary professional knowledge, but also teach scientific research ethics and behavior norms. Postgraduate tutors have the obligation to provide students with various rules and regulations related to scientific research behavior norms, and explain the relevant regulations to them.
Fourth, prevent and control scientific misconduct.
(A) the identification of scientific misconduct
Scientific misconduct refers to all kinds of fabrication, falsification, plagiarism and other behaviors that violate scientifically recognized morality in research and academic fields; Acts that violate social morality in the process of scientific research activities such as abusing and defrauding scientific research resources. Identification criteria are:
1. Deliberately making false statements in research and academic fields, including: fabricating data; Tampering with data; Change the original written records and pictures; Practicing fraud in project declaration, achievement declaration and job application.
2. Damage to the copyright of others, including: infringement of the right of authorship of others, such as excluding people who have made creative contributions from the author list, including those who do not have the right of authorship in the author list without their consent, unreasonably demanding the identity or ranking of the author or co-author, or obtaining the identity of the author or co-author of other people's works in other ways without the permission of the original author, etc. Plagiarism of other people's academic achievements, such as taking the words or concepts on other people's materials as their own publication, deliberately omitting the fact of quoting other people's achievements, giving people the impression of their new discoveries and inventions, or deliberately tampering with the contents and taking them out of context when quoting.
3. Using other people's important academic knowledge, assumptions, theories or research plans in violation of professional ethics, including: using peer review or other means to obtain the above information without permission; Unauthorized release or disclosure of the above information to a third party; Steal other people's research plans and academic ideas for yourself.
4. Scientific misconduct in publishing or publishing research results, including: submitting the same research results to multiple publishing institutions or submitting multiple publications for publication; Publish essentially the same research results; Research results based on the same data set or data subset will be published in multiple works, unless there is a close inheritance relationship between works.
5. Deliberately interfere with or hinder other people's scientific research activities, including intentionally damaging, seizing or detaining necessary instruments and equipment, documents, materials, software or other scientific research-related items in other people's scientific research activities.
6 in the process of scientific research activities in violation of social morality, including defrauding funds, equipment and other scientific research resources and other support conditions; Abuse of scientific research resources, use of scientific research resources to seek improper benefits, and serious waste of scientific research resources; Deliberately containing inaccurate or misleading information and deliberately concealing important information in resume, funding application form, job application form and public statement.
7. Inadvertent errors or deficiencies in the process of research planning and implementation, errors in the interpretation and judgment of evaluation methods or results, errors and mistakes caused by research level and ability, and errors unrelated to scientific research activities cannot be regarded as scientific misconduct.
(2) Handling of scientific misconduct
When dealing with scientific misconduct, we should respect and safeguard the dignity and legitimate rights and interests of the parties concerned in a realistic and rigorous manner, and provide necessary protection for the complainants.
Complaints about scientific misconduct are generally accepted by subsidiary bodies. Written complaints with clear facts and reasons and true signatures on suspected misconduct in scientific research shall be accepted. Handling procedures generally include preliminary investigation, formal investigation, publication of conclusions and handling opinions.
For those who are identified as non-scientific misconduct, the facts and conclusions shall be published within the scope required by all insiders and the investigated person, and the reputation of the investigated person shall be restored.
If misconduct in scientific research is found, it shall be decided by the highest administrative decision-making meeting of the affiliated institution and reported to the hospital for the record. The decision should include: giving corresponding punishment to scientific misconduct according to the seriousness of the case, and taking necessary remedial measures to the adverse effects caused by scientific misconduct. If the person being treated refuses to accept the conclusion and can provide new evidence, he may apply for reconsideration to his subordinate institution.
Those who take the initiative to participate in other people's scientific misconduct, conspire with others to conceal their own scientific misconduct, seriously neglect their duties, seriously violate the rules in the process of participating in the handling of scientific misconduct, and retaliate against the complainant shall bear the same responsibility for scientific misconduct.