Banqiao in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, sitting opposite the paper window and bamboo shadow, spread out his pen and ink to draw his favorite bamboo. "The autumn wind swept past the window last night." He saw the breeze passing through the bamboo leaves, and the bamboo was swaying. Banqiao takes "there is nothing to do in the chest" as the theory. He painted bamboo without the teacher's inheritance, but more from the sunlight and the moon shadow on the paper window powder wall, so he adopted a natural method directly. In response to Su Dongpo's statement that he had a well-thought-out plan, Banqiao stressed that he should have a well-thought-out plan. These two theories seem contradictory, but they are similar in essence. At the same time, they emphasize the high combination of conception and skill, but the method of Banqiao should be "like lightning and thunder, and all plants are angry." Banqiao's "Bamboo Stone Map" shows that bamboo stands tall and straight, rising from the ground. His leaves, each with a different expression, are dark and watery, with distinct shades, vividly showing the texture of bamboo. In composition, Banqiao handled the relationship between the position of bamboo and stone and the words used in poetry very harmoniously. The slender and quiet beauty of bamboo sets off another style of stone. This overgrown plant has become an ideal dreamland for Banqiao. Even Jin Nong, one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", lamented the bamboo in Banqiao. Compared with their paintings, the bamboo he painted was not as elegant as Banqiao.
Gao Xiang, Gao Xiang (1672- 1734)
Also known as Gao, and Wei San, also known as Garden, Nancun, Book and Taoism. The ancestors moved from Shandong to Tieling, Liaoning, and Li Hanjun hung the yellow flag and served as assistant minister of punishments. He is the teacher of Luo Pin, the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou. Gao is good at painting with fingers, and his "finger painting" has become an important school in painting.
Its flower-and-bird part is created with fingers. Draw a fan with high fingers, and the shape of two birds is chic, and the poem "Peony Flowers" says: "It is also like rouge painting peony, and the sunrise is three poles when painting. It turns out that the flowers belong to Fusang, and people are not allowed to look at them. " This poem is very interesting. Surprisingly, the picture suddenly showed a gorgeous peony, which was beautiful. On the contrary, it has its beautiful scenery and gives up on itself, and it has a dying breath that it can't bear to see. The peony in full bloom in the tea garden exudes the decadent beauty of spring breeze.
In his later years, Gao's reputation for finger painting spread far and wide in North Korea, but he still painted the appearance of "a fingernail is disabled to suck blood, and a candle burns frequently every day". In the eighth year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1730), he was asked to paint in Ruyi Pavilion in Yuanmingyuan for three years, and he created exquisite silk meticulous paintings such as The Map of the Yangtze River. According to Gao Bing's finger painting theory, Gao Zeng painted a portrait of Lv Shun, the minister of war, as tall as a real person. When the painting was finished, Lushun's disciples were overjoyed and said, "Good skill! Enter the Tao! "
Objection: high is high, high is high. Two very different people, don't confuse them.
Jin Nong (1687— 1764), whose name is Shoumen, was born in Hangzhou. He is well-read and versatile, and he is fifty years old.
After Jin Nong started painting, he was poor all his life. He is good at flowers and birds, landscapes and figures, especially at ink painting and plum blossom. His paintings are simple in shape, elegant in layout and novel in conception. His works include Mu Meitu and Moonlight Flower Map. He created a kind of official script, calling himself "lacquer script", which has another interest.
Homemade lacquer books are also called Jin Nong style or Dong Xin style. The strokes are thick and thin, elegant and heavy. Most of the fonts are rectangular, top-heavy, very beautiful!
Yi (1686- 1762), whose real name is Zi Daoren, is from Xinghua, Jiangsu. Kangxi was promoted in fifty years, and in fifty-three years, painting was called a sacrifice of the imperial court. Because I don't want to be bound by orthodox painting style, I am excluded. After three years of Qianlong, he was elected as the magistrate of tengxian and returned to the provincial government. After two different titles and a demotion, he went to Yangzhou to sell paintings for a living. He has the closest relationship with Zheng Xie, so Zheng has the saying that "Yangzhou sells paintings and is old with Li". In his early years, he learned to paint landscapes with Wei, a fellow countryman, and inherited Huang all the way. When he worshipped the court, he learned to paint with Jiang Ting. Later, he asked the master of finger painting for advice and advocated freehand brushwork. In Yangzhou, he was inspired by Shi Tao's brushwork, so he splashed ink with broken pens, and his painting style changed greatly, forming his own unique style. In this style, pen and ink blended into a strange taste. He likes to draw long articles, and his writing style is uneven, which makes the pictures very rich, and his works have a great influence on flower-and-bird painting in the late Qing Dynasty.
Huang Shen (later 1687- 1770), the word Gongmao,
Huang Shen, a native of Ninghua, Fujian, is known as Gong Shou, nicknamed Ying Piao, and Donghai Buyi. He is good at freehand brushwork figures, intercropping flowers and birds, landscapes and bold colors. There is a collection of poems in Jiaohu. As one of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, he is an all-round painter. Huang Shen's freehand brushwork figures created a unique style of putting cursive script into painting. When Huai Su's cursive script arrived in Huang Shen, it became "bald and intermittent", with more bold brushwork and style. Such a wild brushwork, the brushwork is "swift as the wind", the weather is majestic, and the stippling is like a wind leaf. Huang Shen's figure paintings, mostly based on fairy tales, depict the lives of historical figures and ordinary people such as woodcutters, fishermen, vagrants and beggars in real life, bringing a new breath to figure paintings in Qing Dynasty. Huang Shen's photo album "Beauty Watching Flowers" depicts a beauty's obsession with flowers. The map of Xishan crane is based on Su Shi's Flying Crane Pavilion. On the right side of this picture, there is a white crane. The old man seems to be looking up at the cranes flying in the air. The boy is holding a flower basket, but he is very happy. "I dreamed of Yangzhou Road all my life, and the empty cranes returned" (Huang Shen's "Crane Training in Lin Bu"). Huang Shen lived in Yangzhou twice and spent 17 years in Yangzhou, which became his lifelong attachment. His figure paintings are the most distinctive, including four-LUN diagram, group begging diagram, fisherman diagram and so on.
Ber Ber (1695- 1755), a native of Nantong, Jiangsu Province, whose real name is Qingjiang, Yibaishan and Zhiyuan, borrowed the owner of the garden. In the eighth year of Yongzheng, he became the magistrate of Lanshan (now Linyi) in Shandong Province. He was arrested and imprisoned for offending his boss. In the first year of Qianlong, he was released and the official was reinstated. Later, he was appointed as a magistrate in Qianshan and Hefei, Anhui Province, and was still convicted and dismissed from office because he did not please. To be an official, there is benevolent government and people's morality. After going to the official, he stayed in Nanjing to borrow the garden and often went to Yangzhou to sell paintings. He is good at drawing pines, bamboos, orchids, chrysanthemums, plums, miscellaneous flowers, insects and fish, and is also good at drawing figures and landscapes, especially plums. The works are free and unconstrained, full of ink and brush, careless and informal, which is intended to be between Ivy League, Bai Yang and Zhu Han. Plum paintings are famous for their thin and hard stems and new branches, and their sides are curved. With the method of occasionally printing plum blossoms, the famous plum blossom poems are inscribed, and the sentences are not depressing or bizarre. I also like to draw pine and bamboo in the strong wind. The work "Shi Neng" was edited by later generations, and there were only 26 poems, mostly scattered in paintings.
Wang, Wang (1686- 1759).
Wang Shizhen's ancestral home, nickname, alias Waishi, late spring old man, etc. Originally from Shexian County, Anhui Province, he now lives in Yangzhou and sells paintings for a living. Flowers and plants, pen at will, colorful. He is especially good at painting plums and often goes to Meihualing outside Yangzhou to enjoy and write plums. Plum blossoms are famous for their dense branches, elegant and beautiful, Jin Nong said; The beauty of painting plum lies in the fact that Guangling has two friends, Wang Chao's forest painting is numerous, and Gao Xitang's painting is sparse. But judging from his paintings of plums, not all of them are flourishing, but they tend to be thinner. No matter how simple or complicated, you have time to wrap up the fragrance and enjoy the snow and mountains. At the age of 54, he was blind in his left eye, but he could still draw plum blossoms. When he showed his beauty, he engraved: he was born blind in his left eye, but he still kept one eye for plum blossoms. Sixty-seven years old, blind, but still able to write weeds, but also pay attention to the mind. Turning a blind eye is not turning a blind eye to one's own heart. Good poem, author of Selected Poems in the Nest Forest.
Luo Pin, Luo Pin, (1733- 1799) was a famous painter in Qing dynasty. The word is big, and it is called Erfeng, also known as Yiyun, Huadian, Jinniu Mountain Man, Zhou Yufu and Shilian Old Man. His ancestral home was Shexian, Anhui, and later he was from Ganquan, Jiangsu (now Yangzhou). The present country calls itself "Zhu Cao Shilin". I am a disciple of Jin Nong, not an official, so I am good at traveling. Painting figures, Buddha statues, landscapes, flowers and fruits, plums, orchids, bamboos, etc. , omnipotent. The writing style is fantastic, aloof and unique. It is one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou". He is also good at drawing funny pictures of ghosts and describing all kinds of ugly ghosts, which are extremely wonderful to satirize the ugliness of society at that time. He is also good at seal cutting, and he is the author of Biography of Guangyin People. After Jin Nong's death, he collected manuscripts and contributed engravings, so that Jin Nong's works could be passed down to later generations. His wife, Fang Wanyi, named Bai Lian, is also good at painting Meilan bamboo stones and poems. Both Zi and Yun Yong are good at painting plums, so they are called "Luo Pai". Representative works include: Weather Outside Things (Picture Book), Two Peaks Covered with Flowers, Autumn Height in Dangui, Sunrise in the Shade, Singing in Gu Qing, Painting Bamboo with Sound, etc. Author of Xiang Ye Caotang Collection. Yangzhou Eight Eccentric Painters broke through the shackles of "authenticity" and, on the basis of inheriting the tradition, concentrated on their own creation and development, trying to create a new painting style with their whole life. Undoubtedly, they have made great contributions to the development of Chinese painting, and their creative ideas and numerous works are valuable legacies for us to learn and inherit.
After the "Four Monk Painters", an innovative painting school-"Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics" rose. In fact, there were more than eight important painters active in Yangzhou painting at that time, about 16 or 7, and "eight" was not an exact number. According to the earliest records: Jin Nong, Huang Shen, Zheng Xie, Shan Li, Li, Wang, Gao Xiang,. So it is called strange because they are eccentric, eccentric and strange when painting, and most of them are strong-willed, aloof and arrogant, and their behavior is wild, so they are called "eight eccentrics".
"Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics" have similar life experiences and thoughts and feelings. Most of them came from the intellectual class, some refused to be officials all their lives, some passed the imperial examination and became small officials, but they were dismissed or resigned one after another, and finally made a living by selling paintings. Their lives are relatively poor, and they are well aware of the corruption of the officialdom, forming a character of contempt for powerful people and debauchery, and expressing their inner resentment with the help of calligraphy and painting.
Most of their art is based on flowers and birds, with freehand brushwork as the main expression. They attach importance to individuality and strive for innovation in their creation, which breaks through the traditional aesthetic norms to varying degrees and has certain anti-traditional significance. Their works have a strong subjective color, which is refreshing. But at that time, they were not fully understood, and even regarded as "leftists" and "criticized". In fact, it is they who have created a new situation in painting and broadened the road for the development of flower-and-bird painting.
The market price differentiation of the verb "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics" (the abbreviation of verb) is increasingly obvious. Eight eccentrics in Yangzhou were a group of painters who were active in Yangzhou in the middle of Qing Dynasty. Their artistic personalities are distinctive and bizarre, including Shan Li, Wang, Gao Xiang, Jin Nong, Zheng Xie, Huang Shen, Li, Gao, Hua Yan, Min Zhen and Bian Shoumin, especially Zheng Xie and Jin Nong. There are many works handed down by the Eight Eccentrics, which have a large circulation in the art market. But historically, its overall market trend is not very strong. The reason is that in the middle of Qing Dynasty, Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics were deeply involved in the market and had a strong commercial atmosphere, so the quality of one's works was mixed, and the situation of one's works was different. Some works are badly damaged and have poor appearance because of years of hanging. Therefore, the price differentiation of this plate in the market is becoming more and more obvious. The prices of famous works are stable and high, while the prices of general works are low.
Among the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", Zheng Xie's works exist in a large amount in the world. No matter in terms of volume or turnover, they all occupy a large share in the Eight Eccentrics and have been at the forefront of the market. Since 2003, not only the prices of Zheng Xie's works have risen to a new stage, but also the prices of several other "Eight Eccentrics" have started to rise, which really led to the rise of the whole plate. In the auction market in 2004, the trend of transaction price differentiation of this plate became more and more obvious. The prices of Zheng Xie and Jinnong are among the top gainers, and the fine works of other painters in the Eight Eccentrics can still achieve good results, but the prices of ordinary works are average. Judging from the trend chart of Zheng Xie's personal works turnover index, its price rose rapidly from the end of 2004, and rose again in 2005, and the price of fine works basically remained at a high level. In 2006, the price of Zheng Xie's works reached a new level. The auction volume of works is 133 pieces, with a turnover of 68 pieces, with a turnover rate of 5 1% and a total turnover of 365 1.23 million yuan. There are 1 1 lot with a transaction price of more than one million yuan, among which the transaction price of "You He Lan Quan Tu" put forward by Beijing Jiabao in the spring auction reached 8.36 million yuan, setting a historical price record for Zheng Xie's works.
Jin Nong is a prolific painter and calligrapher. Although there are many works in Jinnong's market, the price of his paintings and calligraphy works has not been very high. Since 2005, Jinnong's fine products have been highly sought after. The regular script "The Story of the Golden Bull Eye" (1745) published by Guardian in China sold 654.38+0.87 million yuan vertically. In the auction market in 2006, the volume and turnover increased greatly. As far as works are concerned, the vertical transaction price of "Four Wheels Map" launched by Ming Dow is as high as 5.28 million yuan, setting a new high for Jinnong's works.
Other Eight Eccentric painters, such as Hua Nie and Shan Li, are also active in the market. The vertical axis of Hua Nie's Desire for Red, Sweet and Willow fetched 3 1.9 million yuan in Jingrongbao in 2006, while Li Shan's Landscape Flowers and Birds fetched 1.485 million yuan in the same auction, and the mirror core of Luo Pin's Scented Snow Picture fetched1.
This shows the popularity of "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics" famous products in the market. The general feature of the works of "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics" in the auction market is that the transaction is very active, in which the price of fine works has increased obviously and the transaction record has been broken repeatedly, showing an upward floating trend on the basis of high-end prices, while the transaction price of general works is flat and the price differentiation is increasingly obvious.
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