The origin of "Yan" surname?

■ numerical ranking

China is the 50th most populous country with a large population, accounting for about 0.4% of the Han population in China.

■ the origin of surnames

Yan (Yan Yanyan) wrote the word "Yan" with Jin Duojian as his surname. There are five sources:

1, from the surname Ji, after Hou Ji, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, took the fief as his surname. According to the origin of the surname, it is said that the surname of the empress is a descendant, inheriting the surname of Ji, and the people of the Northern Zhou Dynasty respect it as the ancestor. 12 Sun Gugong's father is also called Wang Tai. He has three sons: Taber, Zhong Yong and Li Ji. At that time, Taibo's great-grandson was sent to Yanxiang (now Anyi, Shaanxi). The descendants took the fief Yan as their surname.

2, from the surname Ji, later, also named after the fief. According to the genealogy, Wang Jixia's youngest son has a word "Yan" on his palm. So King Kang made him in Yancheng (now northern Shaanxi Province), and his descendants took the fief as their surname.

3, from the surname Ji, later, also named after the fief. According to the genealogy, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of Duke Chenggong of Jin was easily sealed in the Yan State and later destroyed by the Jin State. Yi descendants scattered in Heluo, and lived in Xingyang at the end of Han Dynasty. Their son and grandson were named after fiefs.

4. Change the surname from other nationalities. For example, Muzzi of Ya Bu in Manchuria changed his surname to Yan, and Yalz of Daur changed his surname to Yan. Others, such as Mongolia and Hui, have this surname.

5. Today's Yan surname simply writes the word "Yan". There is also a saying that Yan is Yan. According to the surname spectrum, there are two surnames, Yan and Yan. According to "Five Tones with Same Rhyme", Yan is "the same, sharing". Because Yan and Yan are of the same ancestry, they are both descendants of the Yellow Emperor and the dragon, so Yan and Yan's family names are Taiyuan, and their aristocratic families lived in Taiyuan County in ancient times (it is said that Yan's aristocratic family lived in Tianshui). Because Yan's "vulgarity" entered Yan, there were two surnames, Yan and Yan, so among the hundreds of surnames, the two surnames coexisted.

Ancestor: Zhong Yi. Yan surname comes from Ji surname. At the end of Shang Dynasty, Gu Gong, the head of Zhou clan? Father (also known as King Tai) has three sons: Taber, Zhong Yong and Ji Li. Ji Li, the youngest son, was quite talented, and gave birth to a son, Ji Chang (that is, Zhou Wenwang), which was quite favored by the king of Qi, and said, "I am a prosperous person in the world, and I am prosperous indeed!" The eldest son's wife, Bo, and the second son, Zhong Yong, fled to Sanwu in order to realize their father's wishes. After the destruction of business, in addition to sealing in Wu, but also sealing Tai Taibo's great-grandson in Yan township. Up to now, descendants take the city as their surname and regard it as the ancestor of Yan.

■ Migration distribution

Jin Chenggong's son, Yi, was sealed in the Yan State and later destroyed by the Jin State, so most of Yi's descendants were scattered in Heluo (that is, the Yellow River Luoshui). Combined with the above, we can at least determine that Yan's birthplace is in three places, namely Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other provinces. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was a doctor named Yan Ao in Chu State, which shows that Yan had settled in Hubei at this time. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yan moved to Gansu, Hunan, Shandong, Hebei and other places. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, a minister ordered Yan Zhang to live in Xingyang, and his son Chang Yan's eldest son Yan Xian was named Hou of Changshe (now Henan). Later, Yan Xian participated in the change of the royal family and was punished. His son moved to Brazil (now Sichuan) to take refuge, which was the beginning of Yan's entry into Sichuan. Mu Yan has a grandson named Yan Fu, who was named Pinglehou by Wei Wudi and lives in Xin 'an, Henan. Yan Pu, the youngest son, became a county magistrate and magistrate (now Guangxi and Guizhou) because of the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty. There is a son named Zan who lives in Hanzhong, Shaanxi. Zan had a son named Heng, who was the prefect of western Liaoning. Heng's son, named, moved to Beijing because of his official career, and later died in the trap of Liu Cong. Yan Dingzi, Chang Yanren, fled to Mayi (now Shuozhou, Shanxi), and later his grandson Yan Man moved to Henan, from which the tribes of Tianshui and Dunhuang in Gansu were derived. Yan Man's grandson Yan Shan moved to Lesheng, Yunzhou (now Tuchengzi, northwest of Guhe County and Linger County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) because he was an official in Yunzhong Town. Five years later, Yan was forced to move south on a large scale. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, Yan was more widely distributed in the south of the Yangtze River. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Yan developed into a big family in Taiyuan. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, barbarians invaded the south, which made the Yan State, which was originally scattered in the south of the Yangtze River, further spread to Central China, South China and Southwest China. In the Ming Dynasty, Yan family in Taiyuan, as one of the surnames of Sophora japonica immigrants in Hongdong, also moved to Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Beijing, Tianjin and other places. So far, Yan surnames are distributed all over the country, and some Yan surnames have emigrated overseas. Nowadays, Yan surname is widely distributed, especially in Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other provinces, accounting for about 57% of the surname population in Han Yan. Yan is the 50th surname in China today, with a large population, accounting for about 0.4% of the Han population in China.

■ Historical celebrities

Yanji: A native of Xingyang, Henan Province in the Han Dynasty, she was the queen when Emperor An of the Eastern Han Dynasty ruled the Sixth Palace. After Andy died, he and his brother Yan Xian abolished the Crown Prince, and she obeyed the government. Her brother Yan Xian was appointed as a cycling general, and * * * was in charge of state power. Soon he was defeated and punished.

Yan Yuanming: Anyi (now Xia County, Shanxi Province) was born. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty was the county magistrate.

Yan Lide: A native of Wannian, Yongzhou (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi), was a painter and engineer in the Tang Dynasty. Both he and his father Pi are good at handicrafts and painting. He was famous in Sui and Tang Dynasties.

Yan: Yan Lide's younger brother, the most famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, inherited his family studies, studied under Zhang Sengyou and Zheng Fashi, and made him turn the past into the present. He was good at drawing figures, especially portraits, and also wrote calligraphy, and preserved pictures of emperors, step by step, official tribute and so on.

Yan Ciping: Song Dynasty painter, good at painting landscapes and figures, especially cows, quite vivid. Critics call him "like Li Tang, but he has no idea". Existing works include Cattle Grazing Map, etc.

Yan: Zhending (now Zhengding, Hebei Province) was a famous minister in the Song Dynasty. He once dug a canal to draw water from the Tanghe River 100 Li, which not only navigable transportation, but also irrigated farmland, benefiting the country and the people.

Yan: A native of Pei County, Jiangsu Province in the late Ming Dynasty, actively opposed the Qing Dynasty and regained his sight after the Ming Dynasty's death. Most of his poems were sentimental current affairs with a desolate style, such as "Collection of People in Baidang Mountain".

Yan Ruoqu, a native of Taiyuan, Shanxi, was a famous scholar and textual research scientist in Qing Dynasty. He participated in the compilation of Records of the Qing Dynasty, and was good at textual research, which confirmed that the Ancient Literature History presented by Hu Mei in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was a fake book. There is also the Japanese Knowledge Correction Record and so on.

Yan Jingming, a native of Shaanxi, was a famous minister in Qing Dynasty. He served as a provincial judge, political envoy, governor, minister of the interior and minister of military aircraft. He was dismissed for opposing the construction of Yuanmingyuan, and he was famous for his good financial management.

Yan: Born as a farmer, he studied "Red Boxing" and became one of the "eighteen generals". Later, he took Sanduo Zhao as his teacher, rallied 3,000 people against foreign religions, attacked churches and killed priests for revenge. 1in August, 900, he was captured in the battle of Liyuantun and executed by the Qing government in Linqing.

Yan Hongyan: A native of Anding, Shaanxi, a general of the Red Army. 1927 After the Qingjian Uprising, 1955 was awarded the rank of general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

Yan Xishan: a native of Wutai (now Dingxiang), Shanxi Province, graduated from the Japanese NCO School. He was a member of the League, a veteran of the Kuomintang, and served as governor of Shanxi after the Revolution of 1911. He occupied Shanxi for nearly 40 years. After the Kuomintang fled to Taiwan Province Province, he served as the "Minister of National Defense". 1960 died in Taipei at the age of 77.

■ County Tangwang number

Wang Jun 1

Tianshui County: Ding Yuan County was established for three years in the Western Han Dynasty. This Yanshi family may come from Zhou Kangwang.

Henan County: In the second year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Sanchuan County was changed to Qin County. This Yanshi should be after Tang Shuyu.

Taiyuan County: Qinzhuang Wang Xiang was established as a county in the four years of the Warring States Period. This Yanshi should be after Tang Shuyu.

2. Hall number

You Xiangtang: In the Tang Dynasty, Yan Liben was good at painters and worshiped the right prime minister. At that time, Jiang Ke was appointed as the left prime minister for meritorious military service. At that time, it was praised as "Xuanwei Desert on the left and Danqing on the right".

Riyuetang: The name of Yanshi Ancestral Hall in Pei County and Feng County, Jiangsu Province is "Riyuetang", which means that Yan and his descendants will regain their sight instead of helping the Qing Dynasty.

In addition, the main surnamed tang surnames of Yan are Tianshui Tang, Henan Tang and Danqing Tang.

■ Clan characteristics

1, there is no strict boundary between Yan surnames. Although Yan surnames are different, they all got their surnames because they were sealed in Xiang Yan, and some genealogies compiled by Yan surnames themselves can't correctly distinguish where they came from, which shows that the early history of Yan surnames can't be verified.

2. Yan's surname originated in the north of China, and spread mainly in the vast area in the north of China. It is a typical northern surname.

3. Yan's genealogy is numerous and detailed, especially with ancient books as evidence. The most detailed ancient book describing the origin of Yan's surname is the Book of the New Tang Dynasty Prime Minister's Genealogy Table, which has thousands of words, which is really rare for his surname.

■ General couplets of Yan's ancestral hall

The four-character couplet of Yanshi Ancestral Hall

Originated in the Zhou Dynasty;

Overlooking Taiyuan.