This wind is by no means the wind of airflow. Many people misunderstand wind evil as the wind of airflow. Not only ordinary people have this misunderstanding, but also many Chinese medicine practitioners have this misunderstanding. They call it "evil wind" and "thief wind"
As the cause of wind syndrome, what is wind evil? Modern medicine has the following explanation:
Urticaria has a strange itch and wheal rash, which is called "Pei (white word, can't fight) wind" in Chinese medicine, commonly known as "ghost wind pimple". Modern medicine believes that food, drugs, infection, contact with certain animal and plant protein metabolites, or heat, emotional tension and other factors promote the release of ethylene choline, which acts on human mast cells and releases histamine. Histamine acts on the skin mucosa, causing local microvascular dilation, exudation and edema, resulting in urticaria "wind mass". To sum up, various inducements, such as ethylene choline, mast cells, histamine, etc., all belong to the wind evil of "cultivating (white words, unable to beat out) wind".
brief introduction
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Cold is fear of cold, which is the patient's subjective feeling. There are two kinds of clinical syndrome differentiation: aversion to cold, aversion to wind, fear of cold and chills. The aversion to cold means that the patient feels cold, but it can't be relieved by adding clothes or heating near the fire. Bad wind means that patients feel cold when they encounter wind, and they avoid it slowly, which is often lighter than colds. Fear of cold means that patients feel cold, which can be relieved by adding clothes or heating near the fire. Chilling refers to the patient's severe aversion to cold, accompanied by whole body trembling.
Heat is fever, which means that the patient's body temperature is higher than normal, or the body temperature is normal, but the patient consciously has fever all over the body or in a certain part. For example, five kinds of upset heat (refers to the patient's conscious upset heat in the chest, accompanied by fever in the hands and feet) and bone vaporization heat (refers to the patient's conscious heat evaporating from the bone to the outside world).
The occurrence of cold and heat mainly depends on the nature of pathogenic factors and the rise and fall of yin and yang of the body. Generally speaking, cold is a kind of yin evil, its nature is cold, and it is more common to feel cold evil. Heat is yang evil, that is, heat, and it is more common to feel heat evil. When the yin and yang of the body are unbalanced, the yang is hot and cold; Yin deficiency leads to heat, while Yang deficiency leads to cold.
When asking about a cold and fever, you should first ask whether the patient has symptoms of fear of cold or fever. If you have symptoms of cold and fever, you should further ask whether you have chills and fever at the same time, the time, severity, duration and related complications of cold and fever. The common clinical symptoms of cold and heat are aversion to cold and fever, but cold is not hot, heat is not cold, and cold and heat come one after another.
aversion to cold with fever
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Fever due to aversion to cold refers to the patient's fever (rising body temperature) while aversion to cold, which is more common in the early stage of exogenous diseases and is an important basis for diagnosing exterior syndrome. Exogenous pathogens attack the exterior, affecting Weiyang's function of "warming and dividing meat", and the muscle surface loses temperature and hates cold; External evil is bound, and meridians and points are impassable. When Weiyang lost publicity, he was depressed and feverish. In exogenous diseases, aversion to cold is a prelude to fever, so aversion to cold is an inevitable symptom whether exogenous pathogenic factors attack the exterior or not. Therefore, the ancients said that "aversion to cold has holes, and exterior syndrome has holes." Due to the different nature of pathogenic factors and different symptoms of cold and heat, the types of exterior syndrome can be judged clinically.
1. Severe aversion to cold and mild fever
The aversion to cold and fever are mostly caused by exogenous cold pathogen, which is seen in exterior cold syndrome and often accompanied by symptoms such as sweating, headache, body pain and tight pulse. Because cold is yin evil, attacking exterior depression and restraining Yang Qi, it can be seen that aversion to cold is more important than fever.
2. Fever is mild and evil.
Fever is mild, and pathogenic wind is caused by exogenous wind evil, which is seen in the exterior syndrome of cold, often accompanied by spontaneous sweating and slow pulse. Because wind is yang evil, its nature is laxative, which makes the spleen loose and Yang Qi depressed, so when you see evil wind, your fever is mild.
The severity of cold and heat due to exogenous diseases is closely related to the nature of evil and the rise and fall of evil. When the pathogen is full, the aversion to cold and fever are heavier; The pathogenic factors are weak, mild aversion to cold and fever; Those who suffer from the rise and fall of evil spirits hate cold more and heat less.
Fever is more important than cold.
Fever and aversion to cold are caused by exogenous heat toxin, which is seen in exterior heat syndrome, often accompanied by slight sweating, blushing, sore throat and floating pulse. Because heat is yang evil, it is easy to lead to yang exuberance, so fever is heavy and aversion to cold is light.
But is it cold or not?
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But cold is not hot, which means that patients are only afraid of cold and do not feel fever, which is seen in the syndrome of internal cold. According to the duration of acute remission, it can be divided into the following two types:
1. New diseases and aversion to cold
The aversion to cold in new diseases can be seen before the onset of fever in exogenous diseases, or when cold pathogens go straight into viscera. If the patient suddenly feels aversion to cold and cold limbs, accompanied by epigastric cold pain, aversion to temperature, or cough, asthma, excessive phlegm, slow and strong pulse, it belongs to the syndrome of excess cold. Most of them are caused by the feeling of cold pathogen, which directly invades the body, making the yang depressed and the body lose temperature. Visible in exterior excess cold syndrome and interior excess cold syndrome.
2. long illness and chills
Long-term illness and aversion to cold refers to the patient's constant fear of cold limbs, which leads to slow warming, often accompanied by epigastric cold pain, preference for warm pressure, shortness of breath, laziness in speaking, tender tongue, heavy and weak pulse, belonging to internal deficiency and cold syndrome. Multi-factor physical weakness, or long-term illness, leads to yang deficiency and decline, and the body loses its warmth.
But the heat is not cold
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But hot or not cold refers to patients who only feel hot, but are not afraid of cold, and even hate heat. Most of them belong to internal heat syndrome caused by yang excess or yin deficiency. According to the severity, time and characteristics of fever, it can be divided into three types: high fever, hot flashes and slight fever.
1. Zhuangre
The patient has a high fever (body temperature above 39℃), which persists and is not even afraid of the cold. Those who hate heat are called excess heat, and often have symptoms such as redness, sweating, thirst, cold drinks, and heavy pulse. Most of them are caused by wind-cold entering into the interior and turning into heat, or wind-heat spreading inward, pathogenic factors fighting each other, and yang-heat overflowing inside and steaming outside. Qi classification is common in exogenous fever or typhoid Yangming syndrome, which belongs to interior excess heat syndrome.
2. Hot flashes
Patients have fever regularly, or they are very hot regularly, such as periodic hot flashes, which are called hot flashes. According to the different characteristics and pathogenesis of fever, there are three common clinical situations:
In (1) Yangming, the upsurge is high, which is often obvious at sunset (that is, 3-5 pm). Due to the dryness and heat of the gastrointestinal tract, it is seen in the syndrome of Yangming fu-organs, so it is called Yangming tidal fever or daily tidal fever, which belongs to the syndrome of excess heat in the interior. Pathogenic heat enters the stomach and interacts with gastrointestinal dregs, so the heat potential is high, accompanied by abdominal distension, constipation, thirst, red tongue and thick yellow fur. When the sun is at the peak of Yangming meridian qi, it has the strongest resistance to evil, so the fever is even worse at this time.
(2) Warm-up in wet and warm tide is not hot (the skin won't feel hot at first, and my hands will burn after a while), especially in the afternoon. Because of the accumulation of damp heat, it is common in damp-warm diseases, so it is called wet hot flashes. Dampness inhibits heat, which is difficult to penetrate when it is wet, so the body is not hot, accompanied by heavy, full and greasy fur.
(3) Hot flashes due to yin deficiency have a low fever in the afternoon or at night, and the conscious heat evaporates from the bone to the outside. Because it is caused by yin deficiency and internal heat, it is called yin deficiency and hot flashes, or bone steaming and hot flashes. Yin deficiency, yin does not control yang, and deficiency heat is endogenous. In addition, Weiyang enters at night, and the internal heat is even worse. Therefore, low fever occurs in the afternoon or at night, accompanied by malar cheekbones, emaciation, night sweats, red tongue and little fur.
3. Slight heat
The patient's heat potential is not high (mostly between 37℃ and 38℃), or he only feels fever and his body temperature is not high, which is called low fever or slight fever. Generally speaking, people with mild fever have a long fever time, mostly caused by internal injuries. According to the pathogenesis, it can be divided into the following situations:
(1) Fever due to qi deficiency is characterized by long-term slight fever, accompanied by fatigue, qi deficiency, laziness, spontaneous sweating and pulse deficiency. Spleen deficiency and qi stagnation, clear yang not rising, prolonged depression and fever.
(2) Fever due to yin deficiency mostly manifests as long-term slight fever, and its pathogenesis and significance can be seen as "Yin deficiency hot flashes".
(3) Fever due to qi stagnation is characterized by emotional discomfort, sometimes slight fever, often accompanied by impatience, hypochondriac pain and thready pulse. Most of them are caused by poor emotions and stagnation of liver qi.
(4) Children's summer fever is characterized by hot summer climate, low fever for a long time, irritability and thirst, no sweat and polyuria. It will heal itself when it gets cold in autumn. Because children are deficient in both qi and yin, they can't adapt to the hot summer climate.
Cold and heat exchange
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Cold-heat intercourse, also known as cold-heat intercourse, refers to the alternating attack of aversion to cold and fever, which is a pathological manifestation of evil in the half-exterior and half-interior. Evil is fighting against each other and advancing and retreating to a certain extent. Clinically, there are two common types:
1. Hot and cold, irregular hair.
Refers to patients with alternating cold and heat, irregular hair, often accompanied by bitter taste, dry throat, dizziness, fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, aversion to food and drink, and thready pulse, which is seen in typhoid fever and shaoyang disease. Most of them are caused by exogenous pathogens, which go from the exterior to the interior but not yet. The pathogens struggle orthogonally, half exterior and half interior. If evil wins, you will hate cold, while if positive wins, you will have a fever.
2. Hot and cold communication, regular hair.
Refers to the alternating onset of chills and high fever, which occurs regularly once a day, or once every two or three days, accompanied by severe headache, thirst and sweating, and is seen in malaria. The original part of a membrane in which malaria pathogens invade and lurk in the half-surface and half-surface. When the malaria pathogen invades, it will tremble when fighting with yin, and it will be strong when fighting with yang when going out, so chills and high fever appear alternately.
Colds are very common. Everyone has caught a cold many times. Chinese medicine believes that colds are caused by exogenous factors. There are six evils in nature, namely wind, cold, heat, dampness, dryness and fire. Wind evil invades human body, generally affecting human head and face, and often causes headache, runny nose, sneezing, cough, sore throat and so on caused by exogenous wind and cold. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that wind-cold and wind-heat are the most common symptoms of exogenous diseases. In addition, seasonal summer-heat dampness and dryness can also cause diseases due to miscellaneous feelings, so there are different syndromes such as summer-heat dampness and dryness.
Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes what kind of "syndrome type" exogenous pathogen belongs to, so as to carry out targeted and effective treatment.
Part 1
cold
Symptoms:
Severe aversion to cold, mild fever, no sweat, stuffy nose, runny nose, cough, thin and white sputum, aggravated cold symptoms, will reduce cough in a warm environment. The tongue coating is thin, white and moist, and the mouth is not thirsty or likes hot drinks.
In people's impression, wind-cold colds often occur in cold winter. In the cold season, people wear too little and suffer from severe cold, so they suffer from cold and cold. In fact, in the warm south, the four seasons are not clear, but the temperature changes greatly. Therefore, if you don't pay attention, you will also "catch cold" and catch cold. For example, in the hot summer, sweating or gluttony can also cause colds and colds. For a simple example, when people are in the sauna, the temperature is very high, but when they come out of the sauna, they are easy to catch a cold because they accidentally catch a cold when they blow the wind.
It is worth noting that most Cantonese people belong to yin deficiency or damp heat constitution, and wind-cold can easily turn into heat. Therefore, after catching a cold due to wind-cold, the heat turns quickly. Generally, there will be heat symptoms such as sore throat and yellow phlegm in a few hours to a few days. Doctors will also find that the throat is obviously congested and even the tonsils are suppurated and swollen. However, in the early stage of a cold, patients have symptoms of being afraid of cold, sweating less or clearing their nose, which is actually caused by a cold.
Min Cunyun, deputy chief physician of the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, believes that ginger, scallion and brown sugar should be used as early as possible to sweat when the cold starts. If it can't be relieved, symptoms such as sore throat and yellow phlegm will appear, and then using heat-clearing anti-inflammatory and antiviral drugs will achieve certain results. It should be emphasized that if you use cold medicine too early, it will lead to cold invagination, sore throat and cough.
Treatment points:
For wind-cold colds, pungent warmth should be given priority to. Drugs with mild properties and effects of expelling wind and dispelling cold should be selected, such as Fenghanganmao Granule, Fang Jing Granule, Wuji Powder, Ganmao Soft Capsule, Shangfengganmao Granule and Su Xing Ganmao Granule, or drugs such as Liuwei Decoction and Guizhi Granule for expelling wind and dispelling cold should be selected. At this time, Chinese patent medicines that cannot be used due to cold, such as Sangju Ganmao Tablet, Yinqiao Jiedu Pill and Lingqiao Jiedu Pill, will aggravate the condition or delay recovery.
Take Banlangen as an example. Bitter and cold, it can clear away heat and toxic materials, cool blood and relieve sore throat. Suitable for people who are strong, but those who are weak should use it with caution. At the same time, if the symptom is a cold, then taking Radix Isatidis is tantamount to "adding insult to injury". Taking drugs that have been bitter and cold will not only hurt the spleen and stomach, but also aggravate the condition and make it difficult to recover.
Diet should be taboo:
Avoid: all kinds of iced drinks; Watermelon, pear, banana and other cold fruits.
Suitable: foods that dispel cold, such as ginger, onion, coriander, lobster sauce, perilla, etc.
the second part
Wind-heat fever
Symptoms:
Cold aversion is mild, fever is severe, head swelling and pain, nasal congestion, runny nose, dry mouth, sore throat, cough, thick yellow sputum, red tongue and thin yellow fur.
The long summer will come on May 5th. In the south, the temperature will rise rapidly to about 30℃. Eating and drinking cold will damage the spirit of the sun, and it is easy to catch a cold in summer. This kind of cold with heat in the body and cold outside is characterized by headache, sore throat, runny nose and sometimes fever.
Chen Ruifang, director of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that from the perspective of Chinese medicine, a cold is caused by feeling the summer evil in the six evils. Therefore, there is a difference between a fever caused by a cold and a cold caused by a cold pathogen in autumn and winter. It is recorded in the theory of qi crossing the sky in Neijing that "due to heat, sweat and annoyance, you will be thirsty, but when you are quiet, you will talk more." If your body is burnt charcoal, you will sweat away "; "Fever Theory" said, "The first summer solstice is sick temperature, and the second summer solstice is sick heat, and heat should be sweating." It is characterized by severe fever and mild aversion to cold. Generally, patients will not feel cold, but they will have fever and sweat a lot. Therefore, if you still take antipyretics in summer like a cold in winter, the effect will not be good, and there will be some side effects.
Having a cold is actually worse than catching a cold. The cause of wind-heat cold lies in the invasion of wind-heat, and the treatment should dispel wind and clear heat to relieve exterior syndrome (that is, symptoms). Chen Ruifang said that patients with colds can use dietotherapy to dispel wind and clear heat without fever or slight fever. If they perspire thoroughly, the cold can be cured without drugs.
In fact, the key to prevent wind-heat colds is not to be greedy and cool too much on a hot day. The weather is hot, don't sleep in the open air; Insist on washing your face with cold water, but don't wash your body with cold water when sweating; You can't blow the air conditioner or fan as soon as you sweat, but you should also avoid cold air blowing directly on your body ... these can prevent colds.
Treatment points:
To treat wind-heat cold, we should choose cool Chinese patent medicines, such as Sangju Ganmao Granule, Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid, Fengre Ganmao Granule, Lingqiao Jiedu Pill, Chaihuang Qingre Granule, Yinchai Mixture and Qingre Jiedu Granule. However, mild Chinese medicine or proprietary Chinese medicine cannot be used, otherwise it will cause fever to rise and sore throat to increase.
Diet should be taboo:
Avoid: spicy food, such as pepper, pepper, cinnamon, coffee, etc.
Suitable: light food, such as chrysanthemum, tea, cabbage, white radish, sweet pear, sweet orange, etc. It can dispel pathogenic wind, clear away heat and toxic materials, and relieve cough.
the third part
Summer-dampness cold
Symptoms:
Fever, sweating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, joint pain, runny nose, stuffy nose, cough, sore throat, red eyes, fatigue, loss of appetite.
In summer in Guangdong, it is generally forced by the intense heat, and the ground is wet and steaming, which leads to the raging heat and humidity. If you don't pay attention, it will easily lead to summer dampness and heat, abdominal pain and diarrhea, colds, fever and even body aches. Lin, director of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that in the south, from May to 10, the temperature is relatively high and there is more rain. When there is "summer dampness", it has the following characteristics:
The first is "heavy". It means that the whole body is sleepy and the limbs are lazy and heavy, like wearing wet clothes;
The second is "yin". Too much yin in the body will damage the yang, which will not inhibit evil, and there will be symptoms such as diarrhea, oliguria and edema.
The third is "stickiness". "Summer-heat dampness" is sticky, stool and leucorrhea are stagnant, physical diseases are lingering and difficult to heal, and the course of disease is long.
The fourth is "down". The evil spirits of "summer dampness" tend to descend, which is easy to invade genitals, and some people are prone to leg edema.
It is also called "cold and summer heat" or "typhoid fever in summer" because it is cold, humid and cold in summer. The symptoms and characteristics of damp-heat cold in summer include exterior syndrome of stagnation of cold and dampness on muscle surface and disharmony between Wei and Qi, and symptoms of digestive system dysfunction caused by stagnation of dampness and turbidity and disharmony between spleen and stomach, which generally last for 7-65 days, and some can last for about 2 weeks. Cough is usually the latest symptom that disappears and may last for several weeks.
Treatment points:
To treat a cold caused by summer humidity, you should not cover your face with heat and sweat. On the contrary, you should clear away heat and relieve summer heat, promote lung and relieve exterior syndrome.
Cold drugs should be selected, such as summer heat and cold granules. If the summer heat is accompanied by dryness, dampness, chest tightness, nausea and loose stool, you should choose drugs with both fragrance and turbidity, such as summer dampness and cold granules, and avoid using warm drugs.
Diet should be taboo:
Avoid: at this time, we should give priority to light, digestible and non-greasy food, and avoid eating raw and cold food.
Appropriate: eat more foods that clear away heat and promote diuresis, such as coix seed and mung bean. You can cook mung bean soup, carp and red bean soup, melon and mung bean soup, lotus leaf rice and so on.