1. Fenghuang Ancient City was once called one of the most beautiful towns in China by New Zealand writer Rewi Alley
Introduction to Fenghuang Ancient City
Phoenix during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period It is the "land of Wuxi Miao Man" and belongs to the territory of Chu State. In the long evolution of the times, Fenghuang once belonged to different counties and counties, and its name also changed many times. It was not until 1957 that it was finally designated as Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.
Phoenix is ??rich in natural resources and has unlimited scenery of mountains, waters and caves. Nanhuashan National Forest Park covers an area of ??more than 30,000 acres, with a beautiful ecological environment and a forest coverage area of ??more than 98%. There are more than 100 species of rare animals and plants, lush green everywhere, with birds singing and flowers fragrant. Qiliang Cave is known as the second wonder cave in China. It combines the characteristics of secluded, strange, beautiful and steep in the 12 kilometers long cave. It is unpredictable and fascinating. The beautiful Tunliang Mountain Scenic Area has various mountain shapes and thousands of waterfalls. Scenic spots decorate the fantastic land of Phoenix, adding endless charm to Phoenix.
Fenghuang has beautiful mountains and rivers, and it is also home to outstanding people. According to incomplete statistics, in just 36 years from the 20th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1840) to the first year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1875), admirals emerged here. 20 people, 21 general soldiers, 43 lieutenants, 31 staff generals, 73 guerrillas and other third-grade or above officers. During the Republic of China, Phoenix produced 7 lieutenant generals and 27 major generals. Since modern times, Phoenix has witnessed the emergence of a large number of talents, including generals, senior leaders, writers, calligraphers, painters, and arts and crafts artists. Especially with the emergence of Xiong Xiling, the first democratically elected prime minister of the Republic of China, politician, philanthropist, and educator, famous writer and historian Shen Congwen, and famous painter Huang Yongyu, Phoenix became famous not only across the country, but also around the world.
Huangshan City is nestled against the Tuojiang River, surrounded by mountains and majestic passes. The mountains here are not high but beautiful, the water is not deep but clear, the peaks and ridges touch each other, the rivers linger, the green river meanders under the ancient city wall, and the green foothills of Nanhua Mountain are reflected in the center of the river. There are a few fishing boats and pleasure boats in the river, drums and bells ring in the mountains at dusk and morning, and smoke curls up from the stilted buildings on the riverside. It can be said that heaven and man are one.
The original Chu Wu culture, the unique Phoenix dialect, the unique Miao costumes, the bitter, spicy, salty and sour eating habits, as well as the original drama Shi Nuotang Opera, Yang opera with full local flavor, tea lamps exuding earthy fragrance, as well as fresh and ancient folk crafts such as glass blowing, batik, paper tie, Miao silver jewelry, etc., constitute the unique ethnic folk customs of Fenghuang.
Fenghuang Ancient City currently has 68 cultural relics and ancient buildings, 116 ancient ruins, and more than 120 characteristic residential buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are also more than 20 ancient stone streets in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The well-preserved ancient city of Huangsiqiao, an old county seat in the Tang Dynasty, is one of the most well-preserved stone cities in China. The "Western Hunan Border Wall", the Great Wall of Southern China built during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, has become the focus of international and domestic attention. 2. Do you know anything?
Enrollment scope: 1. People from all walks of life who have financial conditions and spare time can use their spare time to study art and calligraphy to cultivate sentiment, improve temperament, improve cultivation, and beautify life. Leisure and entertainment purposes.
2. Teenagers who love art and calligraphy can come to school to study during winter and summer vacations and weekends. 3. Design workers who are engaged in art design and want to further study and strengthen their art foundation (including: environmental art design, animation design, film and television art design, architectural design, jewelry design, clothing design, interior design, industrial design, etc.).
4. Those who want to take the Art High School Entrance Examination, the Art College Entrance Examination, the Adult College Entrance Examination, or those who want to apply for admission to foreign art professional colleges. 5. Art teachers in universities, middle schools and primary schools; professional painters and calligraphers. 3. What are the scenic spots and historic sites in Phoenix?
The land of Miao Man belongs to the territory of Chu State. In the long evolution of the times, Fenghuang once belonged to different counties and counties, and its name also changed many times. It was not until 1957 that it was finally designated as Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.
Phoenix is ??rich in natural resources and has unlimited scenery of mountains, waters and caves. Nanhuashan National Forest Park covers an area of ??more than 30,000 acres, with a beautiful ecological environment and a forest coverage area of ??more than 98%. There are more than 100 species of rare animals and plants, lush green everywhere, with birds singing and flowers fragrant. Qiliang Cave is known as the second wonder cave in China. It combines the characteristics of secluded, strange, beautiful and steep in the 12 kilometers long cave. It is unpredictable and fascinating. The beautiful Tunliang Mountain Scenic Area has various mountain shapes and thousands of waterfalls. Scenic spots decorate the fantastic land of Phoenix, adding endless charm to Phoenix.
Fenghuang has beautiful mountains and rivers, and it is also home to outstanding people. According to incomplete statistics, in just 36 years from the 20th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1840) to the first year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1875), admirals emerged here. 20 people, 21 general soldiers, 43 deputy generals, 31 staff generals, 73 guerrillas and other third-grade or above officers. During the Republic of China, Phoenix produced 7 lieutenant generals and 27 major generals. Since modern times, Phoenix has witnessed the emergence of a large number of talents, including generals, senior leaders, writers, calligraphers, painters, and arts and crafts artists. Especially with the emergence of Xiong Xiling, the first democratically elected prime minister of the Republic of China, politician, philanthropist, and educator, famous writer and historian Shen Congwen, and famous painter Huang Yongyu, Phoenix became famous not only across the country, but also around the world.
Huangshan City is nestled against the Tuojiang River, surrounded by mountains and majestic passes.
The mountains here are not high but beautiful, the water is not deep but clear, the peaks and ridges touch each other, the rivers linger, the green river meanders under the ancient city wall, and the green foothills of Nanhua Mountain are reflected in the center of the river. There are a few fishing boats and pleasure boats in the river, drums and bells ring in the mountains at dusk and morning, and smoke curls up from the stilted buildings on the riverside. It can be said that heaven and man are one.
The original Chu Wu culture, the unique Phoenix dialect, the unique Miao costumes, the bitter, spicy, salty and sour eating habits, as well as the original drama revitalized Shi Nuotang Opera, Yang Opera with full local flavor, Wen tea lamps exuding the fragrance of earth, as well as fresh and ancient folk crafts such as glass blowing, batik, paper binding, and Miao silver jewelry, constitute the unique ethnic folk customs of Phoenix.
Fenghuang Ancient City currently has 68 cultural relics and ancient buildings, 116 ancient ruins, and more than 120 characteristic residential buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are also more than 20 ancient stone streets in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The well-preserved ancient city of Huangsiqiao, an old county seat in the Tang Dynasty, is one of the most well-preserved stone cities in China. The "Western Hunan Border Wall", the Great Wall of Southern China built during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, has become the focus of international and domestic attention.
It is said that after reaching the age of 500, the divine bird "Phoenix" from Tianfang Kingdom (ancient India) gathered incense trees and burned himself on fire. Resurrection from the ashes of death, delicious and extraordinary, no more dead. This bird is the Phoenix, the king of birds in China. There is a mountain in the southwest of Fenghuang that resembles a flying phoenix, hence its name. Fenghuang Ancient City, known as Zhengan in ancient times, is located in the southwest of Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan. With a total area of ??more than 1,700 square kilometers and a population of 370,000, it is a county where ethnic minorities gather, mainly the Miao and Tujia people. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Fenghuang belonged to the Chu region, Qin to Qianzhong County, Tang to Weiyang County, Yuan and Ming to the Wuzhai Changguan Division, and the Qing to establish departments, towns, roads and prefectures, becoming the military and political center of western Hunan.
Phoenix Ancient City - a national historical and cultural city, was once praised by the famous New Zealand writer Rewi Alley as the most beautiful small town in China. It is adjacent to Dehang Miao Village in Jishou, Mengdong River in Yongshun, and Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou. It is the only way between Huaihua, Jishou, and Tongren in Guizhou. National Highway 209 and Hunan-Guizhou Provincial Highway cross the county. Tongren Daxing Airport is only 27 kilometers away from the county seat, making transportation very convenient.
Phoenix has beautiful scenery, a long history and many places of interest. Inside the city, the ancient towers and ancient courtyards of the Ming and Qing Dynasties still have their style, and the ancient and simple Tuojiang River flows quietly. Outside the city, there are Nanhua Mountain National Forest Park, Qiliang Cave, an art palace under the city, and the Huangsiqiao Ancient City built in the Tang Dynasty, which has attracted worldwide attention. The Great Wall of the South...
This place not only has beautiful scenery, but also has outstanding people and famous people. In order to safeguard national dignity and kill foreign lawless missionaries, Tian Xingshu, the first-rank imperial envoy of Guizhou Province; Zheng Guohong, a national hero who fought bloody battles against the British and will be remembered forever; Xiong Xiling, the first democratically elected prime minister of the Republic of China and the "Hunan prodigy"; literary giant Shen Congwen; traditional Chinese painting master Huang Yongyu .
Fenghuang Ancient City---a far away home, a hometown in dreams, an ancient and mysterious place. 4. What are the categories of art?
Art is an art form that uses certain material materials to create visible two-dimensional or three-dimensional images to reflect the objective world and express feelings about the objective world. Therefore, Fine art is also called 'plastic art' and 'space art'.
In art classification, fine art is also called plastic art, visual art, and spatial art. It refers to the artist using certain material materials, such as color, paper, canvas, soil, stone, wood, metal, etc., to create a visible two-dimensional or three-dimensional visual image to reflect nature and social life and express the artist's ideas and ideas. An artistic activity of emotion. It mainly includes paintings, sculptures, crafts, architecture and other types.
Painting
Painting is the most important art form among the plastic arts. It refers to an art form that uses artistic languages ??such as lines, colors and shapes to create a static visual image in a two-dimensional space (i.e. plane) through artistic means such as modeling, coloring and composition to express the author's aesthetic feelings. There are many types of paintings, which can be divided into different categories from different perspectives. From the perspective of region, painting can be divided into Eastern painting and Western painting; from the perspective of tools and materials, painting can be divided into ink painting, oil painting, printmaking, watercolor painting, gouache painting, etc.; from the perspective of subject matter and content, painting can be divided into figure painting, landscape painting, and still life. paintings, animal paintings, etc.; from the form of works, paintings can be divided into murals, New Year pictures, comic strips, comics, promotional posters, illustrations, etc. Different types of painting forms have their own unique expressions and aesthetic characteristics due to their different historical traditions. Chinese painting, also known as ink painting, has its own system and unique characteristics in the field of world painting, and is the mainstream of the oriental painting system. In terms of tools and materials, Chinese painting uses brushes and ink to paint on rice paper and silk. It pays attention to pen and ink and focuses on using pen and ink to create shapes. In terms of expression method, Chinese painting adopts a scatter perspective method. In terms of the composition of the picture, Chinese painting pays attention to the complementarity of poetry, calligraphy, painting and sealing, forming a unique beauty of form and content. Oil painting is the representative of Western painting, and it is the most influential type of painting in the world.
In terms of tool materials, oil paintings are painted on cloth, wood or thick cardboard with oil paints. In terms of expression methods, traditional oil painters use focus perspective to paint. In the composition of the picture, it pays attention to the enrichment of the sceneries in the picture, filling the picture according to the natural order, and showing the true state of nature.
Sculpture
Sculpture is an art form that uses material materials that can be carved and shaped to create a physical image to express thoughts and feelings. The types of sculptures can be divided from different angles. In terms of production technology, sculptures can be divided into sculptures and sculptures. Sculpture is to cut and dig out excess parts from a complete and solid body, such as stone carvings, wood carvings, jade carvings, etc. Sculpture is to use adhesive materials to connect and form the required shape, such as clay sculptures, pottery sculptures, etc. . In terms of subject matter, sculptures can be divided into commemorative sculptures, architectural decorative sculptures, urban garden sculptures, religious sculptures, mausoleum sculptures, and display sculptures. In terms of expression form, sculptures can be divided into round sculptures and relief sculptures. The round sculpture is a three-dimensional sculpture that is not attached to any background and can be viewed from all directions. Relief is a raised artistic image carved on a flat surface.
Arts and Crafts
Arts and Crafts refers to products that have strong aesthetic value after daily necessities have been artistically processed. We generally divide arts and crafts into practical arts and crafts and arts and crafts for display appreciation. Practical arts and crafts is the main body and foundation of the entire arts and crafts, including crafts for clothing, food, chemistry, transportation, and use. Practical value is the main value of this type of crafts, and aesthetic value exists as an auxiliary value. Such handicrafts include decorated tea tableware, lamps, wooden furniture, embroidery products, grass and bamboo woven products, etc. Display appreciation crafts refer to those crafts whose main function is to display and appreciate. This kind of crafts has aesthetics as its primary value. It is highly skilled in craftsmanship and has no obvious practical value or has completely disappeared, such as jade, gold and silver jewelry, and ivory carvings. , cloisonné, lacquerware, wall hangings, ceramics, etc.
Architectural Art
Architecture is the collective name for buildings and structures. It is an art in which humans use bricks, stones, tiles, wood, iron and other material materials to build or construct internal and external spaces in a fixed geographical location for living and activities. Architectural art refers to following the laws of beauty and using the unique artistic language of architectural art to make the architectural image have cultural and aesthetic value, have symbolic and formal beauty, and reflect the national character and sense of the times. Based on its functional characteristics, architectural art can be divided into types such as monumental buildings, palaces and mausoleums, religious buildings, residential buildings, garden buildings, and production buildings. Generally speaking, architectural art, like arts and crafts, is also an art that combines practicality and aesthetics. The essence of architecture is a living place built by humans for living and activities. Therefore, practicality is the primary function of architecture. However, with the development of human practice and the advancement of material technology, architecture has become more and more aesthetically valuable.
Some thoughts on "Introduction to Art" and the cultivation of innovative thinking ability
The study of "Introduction to Art" is an important way to strengthen students' artistic theoretical cultivation and improve their artistic theoretical level. Clearly grasping the importance of the "Introduction to Art" course is the prerequisite and guarantee for teaching this course well. At the same time, the continuous innovation of "Introduction to Art" teaching methods is also necessary to enable students to understand the laws of art and establish a correct view of art. Requirements. 5. What is art
Art is: the technology of creation and making it beautiful. The "zhi" here refers to raw materials, which mainly include four major categories: painting, sculpture, crafts, and architecture. Each major category contains several subcategories. Simply put, fine art is the technique of using mundane raw materials to create beautiful works.
From the perspective of Chinese usage, the word "art" is analyzed as follows:
Beauty: The adjective is used as a verb to make it beautiful.
Skills: refers to skills, techniques, and techniques.
The term "fine arts" originated in Europe in the 17th century. English: fine arts, which literally means beautiful art. At that time, it mainly referred to activities and their products with aesthetic significance, such as painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, music, dance, etc. The term "art" was introduced to China around the May 4th Movement and is a free translation of English in Chinese characters.
The concept of "art" has been less used in European and American countries in recent years, and has been replaced by "art". In China, "art" is used increasingly widely and its scope is expanding; it mainly includes painting, sculpture, crafts, architecture, calligraphy, seal cutting, design, new media, photography and other types. Each category can be further divided into several subcategories according to the subject matter of the performance and the subject matter used.
"Art" is all-encompassing, and art works are of various shapes and sizes. In a simple sentence, the technology of art creation is the technology of making it beautiful.
Extended information:
Mainstream classification
It mainly includes painting, sculpture, crafts, architecture, calligraphy, seal cutting, design, new media and photography. Each category can be further divided into several subcategories according to the subject matter of the performance and the subject matter used.
Painting is the most important art form in the plastic arts. It refers to the use of artistic languages ??such as lines, colors and shapes, and through artistic means such as shape, color and composition, in a two-dimensional space (i.e. plane ) to create a static visual image to express the author's aesthetic feelings.
There are many types of paintings, which can be divided into different categories from different perspectives.
From the perspective of region, painting can be divided into Eastern painting and Western painting; from the perspective of tools and materials, painting can be divided into ink painting, oil painting, mural, printmaking, watercolor painting, gouache painting, etc.; from the perspective of subject matter and content, painting can be divided into figure painting and landscape painting. , still life paintings, animal paintings, etc.;
From the form of works, paintings can be divided into murals, New Year pictures, comics, comics, propaganda posters, oil paintings, blow paintings, illustrations, etc.
Different types of painting forms have their own unique expressions and aesthetic characteristics due to their different historical traditions. Chinese painting, also known as Chinese painting, has its own system and unique characteristics in the field of world painting, and is the mainstream of the oriental painting system.
In terms of tools and materials, Chinese painting uses brushes and ink to paint on rice paper and silk. It pays attention to pen and ink and focuses on using pen and ink to create shapes. In terms of expression method, Chinese painting adopts a scattered perspective method; in terms of composition of the picture, Chinese painting pays attention to the complementarity of poetry, calligraphy, painting and sealing, forming a unique beauty of form and content. Oil painting is the representative of Western painting, and it is the most influential type of painting in the world. 6. There are several categories of art.
Broadly speaking, art can be roughly divided into two types: ornamental art and practical art.
In terms of ornamental art, it mainly includes two categories: painting and sculpture. Painting, due to the different materials and tools it uses, can be divided into Chinese painting, oil painting, watercolor painting, gouache painting, printmaking, sketching and other types of painting. Sculptures also come in various forms such as round sculptures and reliefs, and the materials used include stone, wood, clay, plaster, bronze, etc.
Practical arts also include two major categories: arts and crafts and architecture. Although there are different views on the concept of arts and crafts in China and abroad, generally speaking, arts and crafts includes three parts: traditional handicrafts, modern industrial art and commercial art.
Traditional handicrafts such as jade carvings, ivory carvings, lacquerware, metal handicrafts, etc.; modern industrial art (or "industrial design") includes all applications that are designed to meet the people's growing material and spiritual life needs. Beautiful daily necessities (such as floral fabrics, ceramics, glassware, furniture, carpets, household appliances, etc.).
The reason why architecture also belongs to the scope of fine arts is determined by the dual nature of technology, science and art contained in the architecture itself. Any building always stands on the ground as a material structure with a certain spatial shape, so there must be a question of whether the shape is beautiful. In this sense, architecture, like sculpture, is a very specific plastic art.
Extended information
In the past, from fine art works to art appreciation, most of them used simple and direct communication methods. The significance of communication did not attract people's attention. This was mainly due to productivity. The limitations of the level of education and science and technology have resulted in backward communication functions and have been unable to have a greater impact on artistic activities.
In the past century, especially in recent decades, the rapid development of science and technology in the world has had a huge impact on artistic activities. The development of high-tech technologies such as electronic technology, satellite technology, and computer technology, as well as their widespread application in the field of culture and art, have made significant progress in the methods and functions of art communication.
It not only makes film and television art the most popular art style today, but also affects many of its forms of expression and communication methods to other art styles, fully embodying the superior functions of video technology.
Art communication has shown an increasingly important role and status in the field of contemporary art activities, regarding the form, scale, speed, cycle, and proliferation of artworks, as well as the acceptance of recipients Style, appreciation, etc., all have a great impact.
The acceptance of art, including the consumption, appreciation and criticism of art, is the end point of artistic activities and the fundamental way for the ultimate realization of the intrinsic value of artists and works of art. The appreciation and criticism activities of art recipients have a strong subjective significance. It is not only the aesthetic recognition, interpretation and creation of art works, but also the spiritual communication and dialogue with artists.
Art reception can also provide spiritual feedback to artists and even the object world, thereby realizing the connection between artistic activities and social activities, integrating artistic activities into the grand system of human social activities, and exerting power in it. role.