Illustration of carving process of ancient books

(1) Two DNA molecules, B and C, each contain a mother chain and a newly synthesized sub-chain, indicating that their replication mode is semi-conservative.

(2)DNA helicase can untie double-stranded DNA, but it needs energy (ATP) from cells. In addition to the helicase and DNA polymerase shown in the figure, DNA ligase is also needed to synthesize C-DNA molecules.

(3)DNA molecule is a unique double helix structure, which consists of two parallel deoxynucleotide chains, and the replication is from 5' to 3', so the synthesis directions of the two sub-chains are opposite.

(4)DNA is mainly distributed in the nucleus, and mitochondria and chloroplasts also contain a small amount of DNA, so the places where DNA replicates in cells are the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts; After replication, B and C are located on sister chromatids and separated after centromere division, so the separation period of B and C is late mitosis and late meiosis.

So the answer is:

(1) semiconservative replication

(2) Energy

(3) On the contrary

(4) Late mitosis and second meiosis of nuclei, mitochondria and chloroplasts.