ZH ū b ū ng Yu á n h ò u l ù n 2 Overview
Treatise on the Causes and Symptoms of Various Diseases is a monograph on TCM. Also known as "The General Theory of Various Pathogens and Symptoms" and "The Pathogen of Chao's Disease". This is the first classical clinical medical book in China, which mainly discusses the causes and symptoms of diseases and syndromes in various subjects. The book was compiled by Dr. Chao Yuanfang, Doctor of Sui Taiyi, and was completed in the sixth year of Daye (61). The book ***5 volumes, divided into 67 doors. Including internal and external diseases, gynecological diseases, infantile diseases, facial features, oral teeth, bone injuries and other diseases, and lists 1739 theories on the sources and syndrome types of various diseases. As can be seen from the contents of the book, Chao Yuanfang summarized the medical achievements before Sui Dynasty, searched, collected, compiled and systematically classified the clinical diseases and syndromes. It can be said that this book, following Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases in the Eastern Han Dynasty, has opened up a deeper and broader foundation for clinical medical theory.
edited by Chao's family, which is extremely rich in content. Not only has the number of diseases and syndromes been unprecedented; The explanation and analysis of the etiology and pathology of various diseases and the description and classification of symptoms have also reached a high level. Volumes 1 ~ 3 mainly focus on internal diseases (exogenous fever and internal miscellaneous diseases), and also describe the five senses and oral diseases. Volumes 31-36 focus on surgical diseases and syndromes (including sores, carbuncle, carbuncle, tumor, scrofula, various skin diseases, anorectal diseases, burns, bone injuries, and carbuncle). Volumes 37 ~ 44 list gynecological diseases (from "miscellaneous diseases of women" to "princes of postpartum diseases"). Volumes 45 ~ 5 are "Symptoms of Miscellaneous Diseases in Children" (actually including various diseases and syndromes of internal, external and five senses that children are prone to). For several diseases in each category, the etiology, pathology and symptoms can be briefly introduced. After the syndromes, there are basically no therapeutic prescriptions, but more "guiding methods". Since most of the guiding monographs before Sui Dynasty have been lost, from the perspective of therapeutics, The Treatise on the Sources and Stages of Diseases has preserved many essence contents of early "guiding" therapy in China, which is worth further study and research.
The classification of diseases in this book is more detailed and clear than that of previous people. For example, for acute fever in internal medicine, Chao's family is divided into five categories: typhoid fever, seasonal gas disease, fever, febrile disease and epidemic disease. As for the etiology of infectious fever, it is mentioned that patients are exposed to "surly qi", which shows that the understanding of the pathogen has made a breakthrough. It is also mentioned that pre-medication can be used to prevent epidemics or control infections. The book points out that mountain scabies are caused by drinking iodine-deficient "sand water", which is a vivid description of the cause of endemic goiter (iodine deficiency). The book also records a variety of human parasitic diseases (so-called "nine worms"), and recognizes that the onset of scabies is directly related to the infection of scabies. It is also clearly stated that diabetes is easy to be complicated with carbuncle and edema. As for malaria, jaundice, qi disease, beriberi, cough, gonorrhea, edema, etc., which are miscellaneous diseases in internal medicine, there has been great development in terms of symptoms and classification, or understanding of etiology and pathology. Surgery, on the other hand, has expanded more kinds of diseases. In the classification method, "lung carbuncle", which was originally a miscellaneous disease in internal medicine, was included in the surgical syndrome; It is pointed out that lacquer sore is due to the specificity of individual's "natural fear of lacquer" There are also fragments of malignant tumors in the book. For example, it is suggested that "poultry gangrene" is a disease with "swelling and nuclear pain" in many places on the body surface; The symptom of gangrene is a lump under the nape and ears. Both of these two syndromes can cause death in about half a month, suggesting that these diseases are the main symptoms and poor prognosis, which can be said to be an early account of malignant tumors in traditional Chinese medicine. It is worth mentioning that the book also introduces the "needle-thread" anastomosis, wound suture and vascular ligation in abdominal surgery (so-called "tying the blood with raw silk thread"), which reflects the high level of basic operation in ancient Chinese surgery. In obstetrics and gynecology, there is a brief introduction to fetus, delivery, menstruation, belt and gynecological miscellaneous diseases; There is also a key analysis of the characteristics of different diseases and syndromes of married, unmarried, delivered and unborn. The etiology and syndromes of various miscellaneous diseases in pediatrics (including congenital and acquired diseases) are comprehensively summarized. It also points out the pathological characteristics of children's dirty qi, which is fragile and easy to deficiency and excess. It provides rich clinical data for later pediatric monographs. Facial features, speech and teeth, and also selected common frequently-occurring diseases.
Treatise on the Causes and Stages of Diseases occupies a very important position in the clinical literature of traditional Chinese medicine, and has a quite extensive and far-reaching influence on later generations. When Tang Sun Simiao wrote "A Thousand Daughters to Be Prescribed", he quoted the contents of the book more. Tang Wang Tao's Secret of Foreign Taiwan, Song Wang Huai Yin's Taiping Shenghuifang, Liu Yun's New Book for Young Children, Ming Zhu? Most of the etiological and pathological analysis in the famous books such as Puji Fang, edited by the editor, is based on the theory of various sources and symptoms of diseases, or takes this book as an important reference document. Therefore, Qing's "Sikuquanshu Catalogue" praised this book as "the golden beam of syndrome treatment". There are many kinds of publications. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, People's Health Publishing House successively published photocopies and the "Explanations of Various Pathogens and Stages" compiled by Nanjing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which made certain contributions to inheriting and carrying forward the clinical theory of traditional Chinese medicine.