Some scholars believe that Confucius had written the Six Classics before he got the Confucian classics. In fact, as early as 200 years before Confucius in the Western Zhou Dynasty, there were already Confucian classics. At that time, Zhou and Lu nobles were the main ones, and poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, Yi and shooting were the main ones. As the educational content and code of conduct, Gong, Hou, Bo, Zi and Baron, of course, also included the Zhou Emperor.
When it comes to The Rites of Zhou, which Confucius worshiped all his life, we have to talk about the fourth brother, Duke Zhou (Ji Dan). At that time, Jiang Ziya was sealed in Shandong (southern Shandong) and in Qishan, the birthplace of Zhou. However, the king of Wu is not a fake title, and his son is a young king. Everything in the world is mainly managed by the Duke of Zhou. Make rituals and music into a system. Hold hair for three times and spit a meal.
Zhou Li (The Book of Rites of the Duke of Zhou, various regulations):
1, the core point is the patriarchal clan system-the establishment of the governor (in view of the bloody seizure of power by the Yin and Shang Dynasties).
2. Rules are determined by grades. Son of heaven, public, vassal, uncle, son and public have six distinct grades and different systems. Offenders will be prosecuted.
Only Zhou can worship heaven, and no one else can.
4. Only emperors can eat beef and princes can eat mutton.
The emperor sang and danced 64 people. Bo 36 people. Lu Guo Bo-Ji Zi sang and danced with sixty-four people. Confucius heard: "It's tolerable, but it's intolerable. Be familiar with it."
6. Land and people in the world belong to Zhou, while vassal states only have fiefs and property rights.
6, the princes did not go to the DPRK for one year and were downgraded. Don't go to Korea for two years, cut land. If you don't go to Korea for three years, die. In the DPRK, we must pay tribute to the square objects.
Zhou Li is very detailed, and it is difficult to state.
The state system of the Western Zhou Dynasty was the system of enfeoffment with different surnames. The regime regards Zhou Tianzi as a new moon, and the vassal States (royalty, heroes, nobles of the first dynasty, etc. ) is completely autonomous. This has the meaning of confederate democracy.
At the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the ceremony collapsed and the people's hearts were not ancient, and Confucius lived in this era.
Confucius spoke highly of The Rites of Zhou and vowed to "self-control". Therefore, the rites and music of the Western Zhou Dynasty were comprehensively sorted out and made into six classics-poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, Yi, Spring and Autumn, and music.
People who can sort out the Six Classics are really holy. And "talking without doing" is just a word of modesty. Sima Qian wrote "Historical Records", praising Li Guang's reactive power and damaging Wei Qing and Huo Qubing. Because Sima Qian himself was anti-war and hated nepotism.
It can be seen that it is inappropriate to say that Confucian classics are later than Confucius.
Second, when it comes to Chinese studies, it points to a broad point. Sinology, the essence of China's traditional culture, can be adopted by all twelve schools of thought.
But the classics of Chinese studies only refer to:
1, Ministry of Economic Affairs: Zhouyi, Shangshu, Zhou Li, Book of Rites;
2. History Department: Historical Records, Hanshu, History of the Three Kingdoms and History as a Mirror;
3. Subdivision: Laozi, Mozi, everything is wrong, Zhuangzi;
4. Collection: Chu Ci, Tang Poetry, Song Ci and Yuefu Poetry.
China people today, when it comes to Chinese studies, refer to Confucianism; Speaking of Confucianism, it is Confucius.
In fact, compared with Confucius, the core meaning of Confucianism today has changed greatly.
Zi Xue's original intention is "benevolence", "virtue" and "courtesy". That is, the monarch is benevolent, the world is ruled by virtue, and the people obey the rules. And put forward "limiting the power of the king."
Throughout his life, Confucius "talked about princes for several years and never returned to Yueqing", so that he was "vegetarian, disheveled and poorly driven" until his death. Which one? It not only "limits the power of the king", but also its way is not liked by the reckless king.
When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty arrived, a great scholar Dong Zhongshu appeared. He is a great writer, proficient in Confucius, and even more aware of the reasons why emperors abandoned Confucianism.
So Dong Zhongshu reformed Confucianism. He joined the theories of "the divine right of monarch", "the monarch is the son of heaven", "the connection between man and nature" and "the destiny", and got rid of the original Confucian monarchical meaning and wrote a book "Spring and Autumn Everywhere".
Legalists forced the people to respect the monarch, and Dong Zhongshu changed the original Confucian thought and made the people obey with providence. From Enlightenment Confucianism to Political Confucianism.
Therefore, since the Han and Tang Dynasties, it has become an authentic position, orthodox and worshipped by authoritarian dynasties.
If Confucius meets Dong Zhongshu, Old Master Q will become a black whirlwind with two axes dancing.