People's understanding of Zhuge Liang's six visits to Qishan comes more from The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, after Zhuge Liang captured Meng Huo seven times, he pacified the south, returned home in triumph and planned the Northern Expedition again. Sima Yi is a general of Wei's title of generals in ancient times, and guarding the west cool is Zhuge Liang's heart disease. Zhuge Liang used deviant means to make Cao Rui demote Sima Yi as Shu Ren, and Zhuge Liang wrote to request the Northern Expedition.
But if we want to look at Liu Chuqi Mountain and Zhuge Liang himself from a historical perspective, the History of the Three Kingdoms should be the most convincing: in fact, Zhuge Liang has never been to Qishan at least twice in five northern expeditions. In fact, it doesn't matter that Zhuge Liang sent troops to Qishan several times, because this is just another name for Zhuge Liang's strategic thought of northern expedition in his later years. What is important is Qishan's strategic position in the Northern Expedition.
Was the geographical location of Qishan really important at that time? The answer is yes. Qishan is located in the east of Lixian County, Gansu Province, and stretches for about 25 kilometers. The territory is mountainous and mountainous, known as? Kyushu? The name of resistance, coupled with the transition zone between Shu and Long, naturally became a battleground for Wei and Shu during the Three Kingdoms period.
Qishan fort site. In the middle of the river bed of the Western Han Dynasty, south of Qishan Township Government in Lixian County, stands an isolated mountain shaped like a warship. This is the famous Qishan Fort. According to historical records, during the Three Kingdoms period, Qishan Fort was cut on all sides, and the wall was solid. There was only one gate to enter and exit, which was easy to defend but difficult to attack. It may be the location of Zhuge Liang's military headquarters. At the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty, Wuhou Temple was built on this basis to worship Zhuge Liang's statue. After several repairs, its building scale is getting bigger and bigger. Nowadays, the temple is full of incense and tourists are in an endless stream.
Guanzhenbao site. Fort Guan Zhen is also a well-preserved ancient battlefield site, located on a hill about two kilometers south of Qishan Fort, commanding and with steep terrain. The top of the mountain is surrounded by solid earth walls. There are three specially reinforced watchtowers on the edge of Qishan Fort. Three or four people can squat on both sides of the observation port, which is convenient for taking turns to stand guard and avoid the attack of bows and arrows outside the fort. According to research, Guan Zhen Fort is about 100 meters long and 50 meters wide, which may be a military camp.
Dianjiangtai site. Dianjiangtai site is located on a hill about 1 km east of Qishan, and it is a circular platform built by layers of soil. We can still see some tiles left over from the Three Kingdoms period. Standing on the high platform, Pingchuan has a panoramic view, and you can still feel Zhuge Liang's heroic spirit of ordering the three armies and waving flags.
Jiugudui site. Jiugu team is the most legendary. The locals said that the biggest problem encountered by the Shu army in the northern expedition was the problem of grain and grass. Since ancient times, the Shu road has been difficult to travel, the road is long, and there is not enough food and grass to fight a protracted war. When Sima Yi, the general of Wei, knew about it, he deployed heavy troops to surround the Shu army, forcing it to collapse without fighting. In this case, Zhuge Liang secretly set up nine mounds from Qishan to Pingchuan, which covered more than ten miles, and then deliberately let Sima Yi know that Sima Yi didn't know the trick and thought that the Shu army had plenty of food and grass, so he retreated. After clearing the field, the Shu army immediately replenished food and grass, and the war situation was reversed. Due to wind erosion and rain erosion and the excavation of agricultural reclamation, Jiugudui can only see the appearance of the mound in two places, and the rest are not obvious.
In addition to these sites, there are other sites around Qishan, such as Zhuanmagou site where horses were kept at that time and Zangbing Bay where troops were stationed.
According to local people, people in this area often find rusty weapons such as arrows, spears and halberds in the fields, and there are many in local museums. It is conceivable that the army is huge and the war is cruel.