Appreciation: The magnificent artistic conception of "blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" is quite romantic. Southerners have seen pear blossoms in full bloom. The snow-white flowers are not only one by one, but also a mass of flowers, which are very similar to the scene of snow pressing the winter forest. The spring breeze blows pear blossoms, and even there are thousands of trees. The overlapping rhetoric shows the prosperity and magnificence of the scene. "Chun Xue is full of air, and the touch is like flowers" (Oriental Qiu's Chun Xue), also uses flowers to describe snow, with the same ingenuity, but this poem must be divided into three points regardless of pride and curiosity. The poet compares the spring scenery with the winter scenery, especially the southern spring scenery with the northern winter scenery, which makes people forget the strange cold and feel happy and warm inside, and is amazing in thinking and creating the environment. There is an idiom-"Rejuvenating the Spring with a Wonderful Hand" to comment on this timeless famous saying about snow.
language:
a Song of White Snow in Farewell to Field-Clerk Wu Going Home (1)
Tang Cen Can
the north wind rolls the white grasses and breaks them (2), and the Eighth-month snow across the Tartar sky (3).
is like a spring gale, come up in the night, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees (4).
it enters the pearl blinds, it wets the silk curtains (5), fox fur is not warm, brocade quilt (q Ο n) is thin (6).
bows become rigid, can hardly be drawn (7), it's hard to protect his iron clothes (8).
the sand-sea deepens with fathomless ice (9), gloomy clouds and gloomy Wan Li (1).
but we drink to our guest bound home from camp (11), Huqin Pipa and qiang flute (12).
It snows in succession, and the yuan Gate (13), the wind brake (che) and the red flag cannot be turned over (14).
we watch him through Wheel-Tower Gate going eastward (15), into the snow-mounds of Heaven-Peak Road (16).
and then he disappears at the turn of the pass, leaving behind him only hoof-prints.
Note:
(1) Judge Wu: The name is unknown. Judge, official name. Ambassadors sent by the imperial court, such as our envoy in the Tang Dynasty, can appoint aides to assist in judging official affairs, and they are called judges, which are subordinates of our envoy and observation envoy.
(2) White grass: a forage grass in the northwest, which turns white after drying.
(3) Hu Tian: refers to the sky in the north of Saibei.
(4) Pear blossoms: The flowers are white in spring, which means that snowflakes accumulate on branches like pear blossoms.
(5) bead curtain: a hanging curtain made of beads. Luomu: A curtain made of silk. Snowflakes fly into the bead curtain and wet the curtain. "Pearl curtain" and "Luo curtain" all belong to beautification.
[6] fox fur (qiú): fox fur robe. Brocade (q Ρ n): A quilt made of brocade. Brocade is thin: silk quilts (because of the cold) are thin. Describe the cold weather.
⑺ horn bow: a hard bow decorated with animal horns. Uncontrollable: It's too cold to draw a bow. Control: pull open.
⑻ Duhu: The chief officer guarding the border town is a general term, which is an intertextuality with the "general" mentioned above. Iron clothes: armor. "Difficult" is "still alive".
⑼ vast sea: desert. There is thick ice everywhere in the desert. Dry: criss-crossing appearance. "Hundred feet" is a "hundred feet".
⑽ bleak: dim and dull.
⑾ Zhongjun: In ancient times, it was divided into three armies: the Central Army, the Left Army and the Right Army, and Zhongjun was the camp of the commander in chief. Drinking back to the guest: the person who goes back to the banquet refers to the judge of Wu. Drink, verb, feast.
⑿ and play him barbarian lutes, guitars, harps: Hu Qin and others were all musical instruments of brothers in the western regions at that time. This sentence says that music is played while drinking. Qiangdi: the wind instrument of Qiang nationality.
[13] Yuanmen: the gate of a military camp. In ancient times, people marched and camped, and sanitation was provided by vehicles. At the entrance and exit, the shafts of two vehicles were erected opposite each other as the camp gate, so it was called Yuanmen.
[14] Wind switch (chè): The red flag is frozen due to snow, and the wind can't blow. Switch: pull, pull. Frozen: the flag is blown in one direction by the wind, giving people a feeling of freezing.
⒂ Luntai: Luntai in Tang Dynasty is located in Miquan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which is not the same place as Luntai in Han Dynasty.
⒃ full: full. Adjectives are used flexibly as verbs.
17. This article is excerpted from Notes on Cen Can Collection and Collation, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1981. In the 13th year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (754), Cen Can was appointed as the judge of the Northwest Court of An, and the military mansion was located in Luntai, Xinjiang, where this poem was written.
A brief analysis of the whole poem:
This poem is a poem about giving away snow. In the 13th year of Tianbao (754), Cen Can once again went to the frontier fortress and served as the judge of Feng Changqing, our time in Anxibei Court. Judge Wu or his predecessor. Write this poem to send him back to Beijing. "Cen Can brothers are curious" (Du Fu's "A Journey to the Pit"), so don't ignore a word "strange" everywhere when reading this poem.
this poem is strange at the beginning. It is the spirit of flying snow to spread the news before the snow, and the so-called "the pen has not reached the air and swallowed it". Heavy snow will come with the wind, and the word "the north wind rolls the ground" is wonderful in seeing snow from the wind. "White grass", according to Yan Shigu's annotation in The Biography of the Western Regions of Han Dynasty, is a kind of grass name in the northwest, and Wang Xianqian's supplementary annotation indicates that it is tenacious. However, the frost grass is brittle, so it can be broken (if it is spring grass, it can't be "broken" when it is pitched with the wind). "White grass folding" shows that the wind is fierce again. Autumn is high in August, and it's snowing all over the sky in the north. "and the Eighth-month snow across the Tartar sky", a word "namely", vividly writes a strange tone of surprise of people from the south.
it's bitter and cold outside the Great Wall. When the north wind blows, it snows heavily. The poet's "spring breeze" makes pear flowers bloom, which is very novel and appropriate compared with the "north wind" that makes snowflakes fly. The word "suddenly like" is beautifully written, which not only shows that "Hu Tian" is changeable, but also shows the poet's surprise and curiosity again. The magnificent artistic conception of "blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" is quite romantic. Southerners have seen pear blossoms in full bloom. The snow-white flowers are not only one by one, but also a mass of flowers, which are very similar to the scene of snow pressing the winter forest. The spring breeze blows pear blossoms, and even there are thousands of trees. The overlapping rhetoric shows the prosperity and magnificence of the scene. "Chun Xue is full of air, and the touch is like flowers" (Oriental Qiu's Chun Xue), also uses flowers to describe snow, with the same ingenuity, but this poem must be divided into three points regardless of pride and curiosity. The poet compares the spring scenery with the winter scenery, especially the southern spring scenery with the northern winter scenery, which makes people forget the strange cold and feel happy and warm inside, and is amazing in thinking and creating the environment. There is an idiom-"Rejuvenating the Spring with a Wonderful Hand" to comment on this timeless famous saying about snow.
After a beautiful start in writing about the snow scene in the wild, the poem and pen were written from the account to the account. The pieces of flying "flowers" floated in, entered the house through the curtain, and slowly melted on the curtain ... The word "it enters the pearl blinds, it wets the silk curtains" is a link between the preceding and the following, and the transformation is natural and calm, and the objects are nuanced. The influence of "white snow" invades the room. If it is in the south, wearing "fox fur" is bound to explode, but here "fox fur is not warm" and even the soft "brocade" is only thin. The edge general who can "break five carved arcs" can't open the angle bow; Usually it's "keep your iron armour on all night long", but at this time it's "it's hard to protect the iron clothes". Two sentences and DuHu (the governor of DuHu mansion near the town) general said, mutual understanding. These four sentences, some people think that they show the bitter and cold life of the soldiers in the border areas. Who says that they are not? But as far as the theme of "Bai Xuege" is concerned, it is mainly through the feelings of people and people, and through all kinds of events that are regarded as abnormal by southerners, to write about the strange cold weather and the power of snow. This is really a paean of Snow White. Writing cold through people's feelings is concrete and realistic, and does not become an abstract concept. The poet relishes the strange cold, which makes people feel that it is fresh and interesting. This is another expression of the poet's "curious" personality.
The scene is moved out of the tent again, and it extends to the vast desert and the vast sky: the vast sand sea, snow and ice everywhere; Snow pressure winter clouds, thick and dense, although the snow is suspended, but it seems that the weather will not improve in the short term. "the sand-sea deepens with fathomless ice, the gloomy clouds are bleak and Wan Li is condensed", and the two sentences use exaggerated pen and ink to draw a magnificent and magnificent snow scene in Sasai, and arrange a typical farewell environment for "the judge of Wu returned to Beijing". It will be hard to travel long distances in such cold and bad weather. The word "sorrow" vaguely implies parting.
So I wrote about the situation that Zhongjunzhang (the commander's camp) bought wine and drank something else. If the above is mainly about singing about snow, the following is about writing farewell with snow as the background. "and play him barbarian lutes, guitars, harps" sentence, juxtaposing three musical instruments without writing the music itself, seems rather clumsy, but it can still indirectly convey a scene of worrying about complicated strings, and the meaning of "always closing the mountains and feeling different". These instrumental music in the border areas can touch the homesickness of the sender and have a different taste besides farewell. Writing a banquet impressed the readers, but there were not many ink drops, which also showed that the author divided the primary and secondary details in the pen according to the meaning of the topic.
it was dusk when the guests were sent out of the military gate, and there was heavy snow. At this time, I saw a strange sight: although the wind was blowing hard, the red flag on Yuanmen did not move-it had been frozen by snow and ice. This vivid and abnormal detail once again vividly writes that the weather is extremely cold. And the white snow is a little bright red on the background, and the warm color on the picture with cool tone makes the whole realm whiter and colder; The motionless image of snowflakes flying in the air makes the whole picture more vivid. This is another wonderful stroke in the poem.
see the passengers off to the intersection, which is the east gate of Luntai. Although reluctant to part, it is time to break up after all. How can we get to the road when the snow closes the mountain? The road turns to the peak, pedestrians disappear in the snow, and the poet is still watching affectionately. These last few sentences are extremely moving, and they become the excellent ending of this poem, which is well known as the opening. What does he think when he looks at the horseshoe tracks left over the snow? Are you nostalgic for the traveler, worried about when the long road to the mountain will be over, or disappointed that your return date is uncertain? There are endless feelings at the end, and the artistic conception is similar to the ancient poem "Step out of the east gate of the city and look at Jiangnan Road" in the distance. In the snowstorm the day before yesterday, an old friend went there from now on. The famous sentence is almost the same, but it is more effective when used at the junction of poetry.
full of strange feelings and wonderful thoughts is the main feature of this poem (which can well reflect the poet's creative personality). With keen observation and sensibility, the author captures the wonders of the frontier fortress, with vigorous brushwork, such as waving a lot of wine (such as "Han Hai"), sketching details (such as "and our frozen red flags cannot flutter in the wind"), realistic and vivid description, and romantic and wonderful imagination (such as "Suddenly Like"), which reproduces the magnificent natural scenery of the frontier and is full of rich flavor of life in the frontier. The whole poem is full of strong subjective feelings, singing about the natural scenery and showing the sincere friendship of giving people away in the snow. Poetry is rich in connotation, distinctive and unique in artistic conception, and has a strong artistic appeal. The language of the poem is clear and beautiful, and the rhythm and melody of ups and downs are formed by the cooperation of rhyme change and scene picture alternation. In a poem, when two sentences turn to rhyme, or four sentences turn to rhyme, the scene must be updated: the beginning of the poem starts with a sharp sound, which matches the picture of the wind and snow; Then the rhyme is soft and soothing, and then the beauty of "spring blossoms" appears; The following turned to stagnation and astringency, and there was a bitter cold in the army; ..... At the end of the four sentences gradually into the slow, the picture appeared gradually drifting horseshoe imprint, make people low back. The whole of Sion has excellent cooperation and deserves the reputation of "sound painting".
Poetry Translation
Translation
The north wind swept across the earth, and the white grass was blown off, and the sky in the north of Saibei flew with heavy snow in August. Suddenly, it seems that the spring breeze blows overnight, and thousands of white pears are in full bloom.
Snowflakes drifted into the bead curtain, which made it wet. When I put on the fox fur, I didn't feel warm, and the quilt made of brocade felt thin.
Even the general and Du Hu can't draw their bows. They all think that the iron clothes are too cold to put on.
There are hundreds of thick ice criss-crossing the desert, and the gloomy clouds are gathering in the sky of Wan Li.
In the camp where the army commander lived, a banquet was given to the returning guests, and and play him barbarian lutes, guitars, harps played warm and cheerful music.
In the evening, outside Yuanmen, there are heavy snows falling, and the red flag is frozen hard by snow and ice, and the strong north wind can't make it flutter.
I'll see you off outside the east gate of Luntai. When I leave, the roads in Tianshan Mountain are covered with heavy snow.
The mountains are winding and the roads are winding, so I can't see your figure, leaving only the footprints of horses in the snow.
About the author
Cen Can is like
Cen Can
(715-77), a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Jingzhou Jiangling (now Jiangling, Hubei) people. Born in a bureaucratic family, my great-grandfather, great-uncle and uncle were all officials to the prime minister. My father was twice a state secretary. But my father died early and my family's fortune declined. Since childhood, he has received books from his brother and read the history of classics. When I was twenty years old, I went to Chang 'an, but I couldn't get an official position. I went to Jingluo and traveled to Heshuo in the north. At the age of 3, he was promoted to Jinshi, and Cao joined the army. During Tianbao (742-756), he went to the frontier fortress twice and lived in the frontier fortress for six years, which was quite ambitious. After the Anshi Rebellion, he returned to the DPRK, and Du Fu and others recommended him to fill the vacancy and transfer to other posts, such as giving up his life. During the period of Dali (766-779), he was the official to the history of history, and was known as Cen Jiazhou. After the dismissal, the guest died in Chengdu Hostel. Cen, who participated in Gao Shi, was also called "Gao Cen", both of whom were representatives of frontier poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His poems have a wide range of themes, except those that generally lament his life experience and give answers to his friends. Before leaving the country, he wrote many landscape poems, which are quite similar to those of Xie Tiao and He Xun, but have the characteristics of novel artistic conception. There is a collection of Cen Jiazhou.