Allusions of bamboo slips and calligraphy
Bamboo slips are writing materials made by cutting the main material into bamboo pieces. Because bamboo contains a lot of water, it should be dried on the fire before writing to prevent insect bites and rot. This process is called. Murder? Or? Khan Jane? And then put it? History? As a synonym for books. The words on bamboo slips are written in pen and ink. If you want to change this book, you must cut it off with a knife. So, later generations called it book change? Sharpen a pencil? . Books in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are usually made of many bamboo slips, woven with thongs or ropes. Books? Or? Make up? . During the warring States period, Shi, a thinker, went abroad to study, took five books with him, and later made them himself? Learn to be rich and five cars? Idiom, used to describe knowledgeable.
Interpretation of bamboo slips
Bamboo slips are written materials from Warring States to Wei and Jin Dynasties. It is a kind of long and narrow bamboo (also called wood chips, called wooden slips), which are wider than Jane's. Bamboo slips are called bamboo slips and wooden slips are called wooden slips. All the books are written with brush and ink. Books for writing imperial edicts and decrees are three feet (about 67.5cm) long, books for copying scriptures are two feet four inches (about 56cm) long, and letters for folk writing are one foot (about 23cm) long, so people also call letters "letters". Important discoveries have been made in Changsha, Hunan, Jingzhou, Hubei, Linyi, Shandong, Dunhuang, Juyan, Wuwei and other northwest regions. Among them, books from the Eastern Han Dynasty were unearthed in Juyan.
The most famous archaeology of bamboo slips
During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Duke Lu destroyed the wall of Confucius' former residence and found some bamboo slips, including Zuo Zhuan, The Analects of Confucius, Shangshu and Shi Mao.
In 279, people in Jixian County of Jin Dynasty excavated dozens of bamboo slips with characters from Wei Xiangwang's mausoleum during the Warring States Period.
(The bamboo slips discovered twice above failed to be handed down to later generations)
1In July, 953, 42 bamboo slips were unearthed from Yangtianhu Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province. The bamboo slips are 22 cm long and 1.2 cm wide, and each bamboo slip has 2- 10 characters, belonging to the Warring States period.
1957, more than 800 bamboo slips were unearthed from Chu Tomb in Xinyang, Henan Province, and the characters on the slips are still clear.
Bamboo slips of Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Bin's Art of War were discovered in Yinshan Mountain, Linyi, Shandong Province on 1972. About five thousand dollars.
197565438+February, more than one bamboo slip 1 100 was unearthed from the Qin tomb in Shuihudi, Yunmeng, Hubei. It belongs to the first year of King Qin Zhao (306 BC) to the thirtieth year of Qin Shihuang (2 17 BC).
1994 In May, Shanghai Museum bought more than 1200 bamboo slips from Hong Kong, and this autumn and winter, it bought 497 bamboo slips of the same type from Hong Kong.
In July 2008, alumnus Zhao Weiguo donated 2,388 bamboo slips of the Warring States Period to his alma mater, Tsinghua University, which were also bought from abroad. Among the bamboo slips in Tsinghua, there are Shangshu, Nian and Fa.
Making bamboo slips
summary
Bamboo slips are a form of books, in which characters, images or other specific symbols are written and drawn on pre-processed bamboo pieces. Origin of Bamboo Slips: The early characters were engraved in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Zhong Ding, and it was difficult to spread widely due to the limitation of their materials. Therefore, until the Shang Dynasty, only a hundred people in the upper class mastered writing, which greatly restricted the spread of culture and ideas, and all this was not changed until the appearance of bamboo slips.
Bamboo slips are the longest-used book form in the history of China, the main writing tool before the invention of papermaking and the popularization of paper, the cultural preservation and communication medium determined by our ancestors after repeated comparisons and difficult choices, and an important revolution in the history of media. For the first time, the characters were liberated from the small circle at the top of society and strode towards a broader society, which was magnificent. Therefore, bamboo slips have played a vital role in the spread of China culture. It is precisely because of its appearance that a hundred schools of thought contend, and the ideology and culture of celebrities such as Confucius and Laozi have been passed down to this day. Expand your life and enjoy leisure and excitement!
introduce
When words appeared in human society, books also appeared. The form of books at that time was completely different from that of modern books. If the concept of books is defined in this way, that is, people's experiences and events are recorded on certain objects in the form of words and images to facilitate their preservation and dissemination, then Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty is the earliest book. In addition, you can also carve words on leaves and bark. It is recorded in the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty: "Tianzhu credentials were recorded in Bedouin leaves." This is what we call the Bayeux Sutra. In addition, bronze inscriptions cast on bronzes can also be called early books. In addition to Oracle bones, bronzes and stone carvings, there are many materials used to record characters in ancient times, such as pottery, bricks and hides, which have radiated brilliant brilliance in the history of human civilization. But it is closer to today's book form, starting with bamboo slips, and then silk books written on fabrics appear.
book
The real form of ancient books in China began with bamboo slips and wooden slips. The book forms and systems created by bamboo slips and wooden slips had a far-reaching impact on the later book culture. The units and terms of books such as "volume", "volume" and "compilation" have continued to this day. Bamboo slips and wooden slips are not exactly the same in form and use.
Bamboo slips are made of bamboo, with thin skin and long sections. First, the round bamboo is sawed into a certain length, then cut into a certain width, and then cut into a simple piece. Then woven with silk rope, hemp rope and thin leather strip into two simple pieces, which can be used for writing. Some people write first and then compile a book in order.
The skin of bamboo is not easy to ink. In order to write conveniently, the outermost skin of bamboo must be peeled off or written inside. The process of drying bamboo in the sun is called "fixing green"
Bamboo slips are the longest-used book form in the history of China. As early as Shang Dynasty, there was the word "book" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which symbolized that a bundle of bamboo slips tied two books, while the word "code" in bronze inscriptions indicated that the book was on several books. It shows that the origin of Jane Eyre system can be traced back to Shang Dynasty, but its simple and continuous objects before the Warring States Period can't be found today. There are many records of orders and official documents conveyed by shallow reading in Zhou literature.