Concept of storage and maintenance of traditional Chinese medicine

The relationship between the composition, nature and preservation of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces (3) There are many components in the air, some of which are most likely to undergo chemical changes with some components of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces, thus affecting their quality. Some Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces have been in contact with air for a long time, such as rhubarb, peony bark and Polygonatum sibiricum. Because the tannin, oil and sugar they contain will change with the oxygen in the air. Another example is the discoloration and odor loss of mint perilla leaves, and the loss of magnetism of live magnets, all of which are the results of oxidation. The more exposed to oxygen, the greater the oxidation and the faster the variation of some Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces. Generally speaking, wind energy can blow the color of Chinese herbal medicines, and it can blow some Chinese herbal medicines, mainly by oxidation. Fourthly, different conservation measures should be taken to distinguish Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces of the same nature. (1) Variation of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces during storage 1. Worm eating refers to the destructive effect caused by insects invading the interior of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces. Worm eating makes Chinese herbal medicines hollow and broken, contaminated by insect excreta, or even completely eaten into powder, which will seriously affect the appearance and curative effect of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces, making them unable to be used as medicine. 2. Molding: refers to the moldy phenomenon caused by the propagation of parasitic molds on the surface or inside of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces under the conditions of suitable temperature (20-35℃), relative humidity (above 75% or water content of Chinese herbal medicines 15%) and adequate nutrition. Moldy drugs become lighter in color, lose their odor and deteriorate seriously, so that their components change and become invalid. Some molds also produce toxins. Once taken, moldy drugs may cause damage to liver, kidney, nervous system and hematopoietic tissue, and even lead to cancer (such as Aspergillus flavus). Fourth, take different conservation measures to distinguish Chinese herbal medicines from Chinese herbal medicines. The maintenance of modern Chinese herbal medicines and herbal medicines is mainly based on prevention. In recent years, the prevention of pollution in the process of conservation has been studied to meet the requirements of green Chinese herbal medicine and non-toxic and pollution-free Chinese herbal medicine in 2 1 century. (1) Drying: Drying can remove excessive water in Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces, kill molds, pests and eggs at the same time, and prevent moth-eaten after long-term storage. Commonly used drying methods include microwave drying, such as solar drying, air drying and baking or far infrared heating drying. (2) Chinese medicinal materials are preserved at low temperature (0- 10℃) in the cold storage system, which is suitable for your fine medicinal materials. (3) Burying method A. Lime burying method: It is suitable for fleshy and some insect Chinese medicinal materials, such as hedgehog skin and dung beetles. The method is to use a suitable cylindrical wooden box, first wrap the medicinal materials with double-layer paper, mark the name, and then add lime to just bury the stored Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces. If the quantity is small, several Chinese herbal medicines can be stored together. B, sand burying method: suitable for a few complete Chinese medicinal materials, such as Radix Codonopsis, Achyranthes bidentata, Radix Isatidis, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, etc. In order to isolate the invasion of external moisture and prevent insects from becoming moldy. (4) Chemical agent conservation Chemical agent conservation technology uses inorganic or organic chemicals to inhibit the growth and reproduction of molds and pests. Chemical reagents are usually divided into mildewproof agents and pesticides. At present, sulfur, aluminum phosphide and chloropicrin are commonly used. 1) Sulphur fumigation method: A. After burning sulfur, it produces blue flame and sulfur trioxide gas, which can poison all kinds of traditional Chinese medicine molds and pests, and it is the earliest insecticidal method of traditional Chinese medicine. B. Usage: It is usually sealed or fumigated in a small room (fumigation room), and the dosage is per cubic meter 100- 150g. After the sulfur is burned, it is sealed for 3-4 days, and then ventilated to detoxify. C. Precautions: This method is easy to fade the traditional Chinese medicine, and the fumigated traditional Chinese medicine will make the taste sour, sulfurous, crisp and broken. Therefore, it is not suitable for traditional Chinese medicine which is easy to change color, taste and taste crisp. 2) aluminum phosphide fumigation has a strong insecticidal effect on pests of Chinese medicinal materials, and also has the functions of inhibiting and killing microorganisms in Chinese medicinal materials and inhibiting the respiration of Chinese medicinal materials. It is the main chemical prevention and treatment drug at present. Sealed, tablets should not be in direct contact with medicinal materials, and the dosage is 5-7 grams per cubic meter. If fumigating in a sealed warehouse, the space should be 2-3 grams per cubic meter; When the temperature is 2- 15℃, it takes 5 days; 16-20℃ for 4 days; Above 20℃, it takes 3 days; Exhaust ventilation is not less than 3 days, and the residue is transported to an open place for deep burial.