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"Imagination on the New College Entrance Examination" Plan
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The resumption of the college entrance examination has cultivated countless talents for socialist construction and provided new China has made great contributions to its rise. But everything has its own pros and cons. Disadvantages such as "one test determines life", "one-sided pursuit of admission rate", "ignoring practical ability" and other disadvantages have become more and more prominent over time. Some scholars even call the college entrance examination "the biggest obstacle restricting talent cultivation." The college entrance examination needs to be changed! But how to change it? I don’t think too highly of myself, so I use my summer vacation time to think about it for entertainment.
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1. Overall Thought
The crux of the shortcomings of the college entrance examination are concentrated in "screening", "examination taking" and "first test". Therefore, the starting point of this idea is:
1. Change screening into measurement (proficiency test). By setting several levels and using different levels of exams to measure students' true levels, the exams are turned into a stage to showcase students' abilities.
2. Change from “one test to multiple tests”. There are two exams for each level every year, and students can take the same level exam repeatedly.
3. Change from “purely exam-oriented” to “seeking quality based on exam-oriented”. When recruiting students, combine state regulation with school autonomy. The Ministry of Education stipulates the overall requirements for the performance levels of various subjects in ministerial, provincial, and municipal colleges and universities. For example, it stipulates that all required scores for admission to ministerial universities must reach level 4 or level 5. Students must register for the college of their choice on the basis of meeting the basic requirements. Colleges and universities independently recruit students based on their own admissions assessment plans announced in advance and approved by the Ministry of Education.
4. Combination of level-by-level examinations and exemptions. The Ministry of Education organizes relevant experts to strictly set the distinctions for each level based on difficulty, knowledge and other requirements. Students must pass the first level exam before they can participate in the next level test; at the same time, if the student is in the previous level (from 2 If you perform well in the exam (starting at the first level) (it is recommended that a score of 85 or above is enough), you can directly enter the exam of the next level.
5. A combination of required grades and optional grades. Chinese (National Chinese Language Proficiency Test), Mathematics (National Mathematics Proficiency Test) and English (National English Proficiency Test) are required scores for all majors in college admissions. Except for Chinese, mathematics, and mathematics, other subject examinations are conducted in the form of general examinations, and are divided into five grades: A, B, C, D, and E based on scores and ratios. Self-selected scores refer to students choosing two subjects from other subjects as college entrance examination scores, including one from history and physics, and one from four subjects including politics, geography, chemistry, biology, and technology. The selected scores must be Subjects corresponding to or adjacent to the major the student is applying for.
6. "Separation of examination and admission". Students who pass the corresponding grades only have the knowledge level to apply for the corresponding colleges and universities. Whether they can actually be admitted to colleges and universities still needs to pass the college's assessment.
7. Integration and standardization. There are currently many types of examinations, including junior high school graduation examination, high school graduation examination, college entrance examination, self-study examination, adult examination, college English proficiency examination, graduate entrance examination, etc. The requirements can be unified and these examinations can be integrated, such as setting up a national Chinese language proficiency test and stratifying each level, from junior high school graduation to postgraduate entrance examination, according to the requirements of this level, forming unified norms and gradually progressive training goals. At the same time, the adult college entrance examination and the self-study examination should be integrated into the system.
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2. Test subjects and application
(1) Necessary scores
1. National Chinese Language Proficiency Test (including Levels 2-6 are the selection criteria for college admissions)
Level 1: Correctly understand and use the language of the motherland, have basic reading, writing, listening, and speaking abilities; have the preliminary ability to use a brush to write regular script and running script Ability, with the ability to appreciate preliminary calligraphy.
(Junior high school graduates must pass this level exam)
Level 2: Initial ability to read, write and listen in modern texts that meet the actual needs of life, and have preliminary literary appreciation Ability and ability to read simple classical Chinese; possess preliminary thinking ability, self-study ability, problem-solving ability, and self-expression ability. Able to use a brush to write regular script and running script well, and have a certain ability to appreciate calligraphy.
(High school graduates must pass this level exam, preliminary requirement for university admissions)
Level 3: Have good words, words, sentences, paragraphs, grammar, rhetoric, style, etc. Aspects of Chinese language knowledge, certain knowledge of national culture and social culture, ability to skillfully use reference books and reference books, and ability to independently analyze and refine characters, words, paragraphs, and articles.
Level 4: Systematically study and understand domestic and foreign literary classics, be able to understand the writers’ thoughts and feelings from the language and characters, have certain observation skills, rich aesthetic feelings, and certain associations, imagination and reasoning Ability and having a correct outlook on life. Have a relatively broad reading range, have a certain accumulation of literature, and have the interest and ability to appreciate literary works.
Level 5: Have certain creative thinking ability, good discussion and communication skills, understand the characteristics of Chinese language subjects, have good writing ability and certain writing skills, and have a high level of appreciation and literature Appreciation ability, familiar with various literary themes such as ancient poetry, Yuan opera, Ming and Qing novels.
(Chinese language college graduates must pass this exam)
Level 6: Have an in-depth understanding of Chinese national culture, initially master the relevant theories and basic knowledge of Chinese subject research, and have the qualifications to engage in Chinese research work Initial abilities include the spirit of scientific research, the ability to view literary works dialectically, the ability to carry out targeted criticism or evaluation of literary works or literary present, the ability to have one's own opinions and viewpoints, and the basic mastery of writing various modern practical texts.
(Graduates of Chinese liberal arts and related majors must pass this test)
Level 7: Have a proactive attitude and a far-sighted mind, have a noble sentiment of caring about the country and the people, and have the character of a scholar The personality characteristics possessed include a deep understanding of the essence of traditional culture, a deep understanding of the evolution of Chinese literature and academic thought, the ability to independently study ancient books, the ability to write classical Chinese, and the ability to skillfully use various modern literary styles.
(Postgraduate students in Chinese and related majors must pass this test)
2. National Mathematics Proficiency Test (levels 2-6 are the selection criteria for college admissions)
< p> According to the subject content, difficulty, and learning requirements, it is divided into seven levels, including junior high school graduation level, high school graduation level, different levels of college entrance examination requirements, undergraduate major graduation requirements, and graduate entrance requirements, etc. Due to unfamiliarity with the major, I cannot list them.?
3. National English proficiency test (levels 2-6 are the selection criteria for college admissions)
Combined with the current national English proficiency test, the The English proficiency requirements for the public are connected with the educational requirements of the school, and the English college entrance examination, college entrance examination, college English level examination, English professional level examination, etc. are fully integrated to make them interoperable and reduce social misunderstandings about the abilities represented by the levels. , reached a consensus. For example:
Level 1: As required by PETS, "English basically meets the basic needs of foreign exchanges for jobs such as taxi drivers, hotel bellmen, doormen, traffic police, etc., as well as other jobs at the same level." . (Also regard this as: English proficiency requirements for junior high school graduation)
Level 2: Social group requirements are omitted (English proficiency requirements for high school graduation, preliminary requirements for college admissions)
Level 3: Social group Requirements are omitted
Level 4: Requirements for social groups are omitted
Level 5: Requirements for social groups are omitted (requirements for college English majors to graduate)
Level 6: Requirements for social groups are omitted Level 7 (Graduation Requirements for Undergraduate Non-English Majors, Equivalent to Level 4 in Current University)
Level 7: Requirements for Social Groups (Graduation Requirements for Undergraduate English Majors, Admission Requirements for Master's Degrees in Non-English Majors)
< p> ?4. Application conditions and qualifications
(1) When will the exam start:
Students have completed the exams in the compulsory education stage and passed the Chinese, After obtaining the Level 1 exams in Mathematics and English, you can take the Level 2 exams in related subjects of the College Entrance Examination after obtaining graduation qualifications.
(2) How to count graduation:
Pass the level 2 exam in Chinese, Mathematics, and Foreign Languages, and pass the general examination in other subjects (all 7 subjects have a D grade or above and 4 have a C grade or above ), you can graduate by obtaining the credits required for high school graduation.
(3) The highest level that can be taken:
There is no limit to the highest level of reference. Students can pass the level-by-level exams or obtain exemption through the education of high school teachers or through their own efforts. Qualifications can be taken all the way up to level 7, the highest level.
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5. Conditions for exemption from the exam
Starting from level 2, anyone with a score of 85 points (percentage system or total number of people) in the assessment of the current level Those who are above the top 10% will be exempted from taking the next level.
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(2) Optional grades
1. Optional grade subjects: politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, information technology or general technology ***7 subjects;
2. Exam format: It will be conducted in the form of a general examination. All 7 subjects will be tested. There are two examinations per year, 3 subjects in the first half of the year and 4 subjects in the second half of the year (non-overlapping) , each high school student can take the same subject test up to 2 times in high school.
3. Score processing: Grade scoring is implemented and divided into 5 levels, represented by A, B, C, D, and E. The full score for each subject is 100 points, with scores ranging from 100 to 90 being grade A, 89 to 75 being grade B, 74 to 60 being grade C, 59 to 45 being grade D, and scores below 44 being grade E.
4. Score selection: The scores of the two general examinations for each subject are valid. Students choose two of the scores as their college entrance examination scores. Choose one subject from history or physics, or one from politics, geography, chemistry, biology, information technology or general technology. The selected scores must be in the corresponding or adjacent subjects to the major the student has applied for. The selection for art and sports candidates is the same as that for ordinary students, and the requirements for grades are lower.
3. Exam arrangement and score processing
1. Number of times and time arrangement
(1) Number of times: Level 1 exam It is set once a year, and students in the second grade of junior high school can take the exam. Each student has two opportunities in the second and third grade of junior high school;
The exam is set twice a year for grades 2, 3, 4, and 5;
Level 6 is a professional examination for undergraduate graduation. Students only need to complete this test during college. There is no year requirement and it is set once a year;
Level 7 exam is placed in December, which is the same as the current graduate entrance test. The time is almost near.
(2) Time: There are 4 examination months every year, with an interval of 3 months. The details are as follows:
March June? September? December
Level 2, Level 4, Level 1? Level 3, Level 5, Level 6 Level 2, Level 4 ?Level 3, Level 5, Level 7
(3) The high school entrance examination for 7 subjects is composed of provincial papers, 3 subjects in the first half of the year, and 4 subjects in the second half of the year. Students from the first to the third year of high school can refer to it. Each student is limited to registering for the same subject twice. The implementation path is based on the existing college entrance examination path.
2. Examination paper correction
Level 1 examination papers are marked by the county-level education administration department; Level 2 examination papers are marked by the municipal education administration department; Levels 3 to 5 are organized by the provincial education administration department It is organized by the education administrative department at the level 1; the examination papers for Level 6 and Level 7 are organized according to the current channels (I am not aware of the marking channels for the examination papers of Level 4, Level 6 and postgraduate students in universities).
3. Score processing
The total score of a single subject is set according to the needs of the school age group and subject characteristics, and is converted into a percentage system when reviewing the exemption qualifications.
4. Score validity period
The scores for each level are valid for 8 years. (A certain period of validity can also be specified for each subject according to the characteristics of the subject)
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4. Proposition work
(1) Formulate and Standardize the requirements at each level
The Ministry of Education convenes university teachers and experts from all walks of life to formulate specific requirements and specifications for each level of each subject, clarify the training goals of each level and the overall goal of subject training, Clarify the distinction between each level. By publishing to the public and soliciting feedback, scientific, reasonable and fair level norms will be formed.
(2) Set up a test question bank and combine it with expert propositions
A complete test question bank will be gradually built for level 1 and level 2 examinations, and each province and city will select random questions from the test question bank. Examination; Level 3 and above are given by experts.
(3) Establishing a proposition expert group
1. Member composition:
Level 1-2: university teacher representatives (20%), experts from all walks of life (20%), middle school teacher representatives (60%)
Level 3-5: college teachers (40%), experts from all walks of life (40%), middle school teacher representatives (20%)
Level 6-7: University teachers (50%), experts from all walks of life (50%)
2. Principle of replacement of old and new: Adopt the principle of partial replacement, and become experts in new and old topics every year Combination to ensure the continuity and innovation of proposition work.
3. Principle of flow between levels: The members of the expert group flow between the three proposition levels of level 1-2, level 3-5, and level 6-7 according to a certain proportion to ensure the continuity and distinction of the propositions. sex.
(4) HKCEE questions
The 7 subjects of the HKCEE, namely politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, information technology or general technology, are determined by the province itself.
5. Admissions work
(1) Colleges and universities formulate independent enrollment plans
1. Procedure: Discussion of colleges and universities’ plan formulation Draft - solicit opinions from the society - organize expert discussions - submit the formal draft to the Ministry of Education for review and approval - make the enrollment plan public to the public
2. Content: Contains basic parts and flexible parts.
Basic parts: such as the requirements for required grades, age requirements, basic requirements for candidates, admission standards, etc. Once these contents are determined, they will remain unchanged for years or even decades;
Mobile part: The formulated procedures are consistent, but can change every year, but must be determined one year in advance, submitted to the Ministry of Education for approval, and announced to the public.
3. Principle: Implement and resolutely implement three disclosures: plan disclosure, process disclosure, and results disclosure.
4. Advocate: Set conditions and requirements for social practice, advocate setting practical examination questions, and encourage schools to formulate social practice.
(2) Admissions conditions
1. Must meet the necessary achievement requirements set by the Ministry of Education. For example, the Ministry of Education may stipulate:
Higher education institutions affiliated to the ministry: Level 4 or above (including Level 4) in three subjects other than Chinese and Mathematics, and optional grades B or above;
Provincial higher education institutions School: Grade 3 or above (including Grade 4) in three subjects other than Chinese and Mathematics, grade B or above in optional subjects;
Municipal colleges and universities: Grade 2 or above (including Grade 4) in three subjects other than Chinese Mathematics , self-selected grades of C or above;
For areas with relatively backward educational levels (such as Xinjiang and Tibet), the corresponding grades should be adjusted up or down appropriately.
2. Must meet the age limit. The minimum age limit for enrollment in all colleges and universities shall not be less than 13 years old.
The maximum age limit for enrollment in all colleges and universities shall be no less than 30 years old for undergraduate colleges and universities; no less than 28 years old for junior college students. The highest age limit is recommended. There is no upper age limit.
3. Must obtain high school graduation qualification. That is, if you pass Level 2 exams in Chinese, Mathematics, and Foreign Languages, and pass the general examination in other subjects (all with D grade or above and 4 with C grade or above), you can graduate by obtaining the credits required for high school graduation.
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(3) Establishing a national college admissions website
1. Function: integrating admissions registration, score inquiry, admission announcement, admission data statistical feedback, admissions Process supervision and complaint functions are integrated.
2. All colleges and universities across the country can use user registration and login to complete the announcement of enrollment plans, registration, announcement of scores, announcement of results, etc.
3. Students can use this website to inquire about the basic information of colleges and universities, enrollment plans, consultation on enrollment policies, independent registration, query scores, make complaints, etc.
4. Middle schools use the final admission data collected from this website as their own student admission examination status
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(4) Registration procedures and time schedule< /p>
1. From January to February every year: students register by themselves. The registration form is mainly online registration, supplemented by paper registration.
2. From March to April every year: colleges and universities conduct registration for candidates. Qualification review
3. From May to July every year: independent assessment by colleges and universities
4. In August every year: the admission results are announced and admission notices are issued
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6. Other related issues
(1) Adult examination and self-study examination
Despite the differences in age and learning environment, the cultural requirements for the same academic level should be the same Yes, adult examinations and self-study examinations should be integrated into the same standards and requirements. Especially for the adult examination, in a society of lifelong learning, adults have the need to continue to receive university education. Open university education and the implementation of unified assessment standards are the best ways to effectively meet this demand, and formal, diploma-oriented learning should be withdrawn from the market.
(2) Current high school adaptation issues
1. The schooling system can still be 3 years
Because there are two exams per year for Levels 2-5 in Language and Mathematics. There is an exam opportunity for the National College Entrance Examination every year. Therefore, some students may complete the score requirements for the college entrance examination in their sophomore year of high school. This will give outstanding students greater freedom of choice. These students in their senior year of high school can prepare according to the requirements of the independent college test they have filled out, participate in certain social practices, and work towards higher test grades.
2. Arts and sciences are not divided into subjects
Since Chinese, mathematics, and English are compulsory subjects for all candidates, and other subjects must take the college entrance examination, there is no need to separate arts and sciences. Students can take more exams according to their own interests and continuously improve their performance. If they are not interested, they can just meet the graduation requirements.
3. Mobility problem
Students must be mobile, and the advantages of teachers in key schools will attract students' attention. However, in frequent examinations, students' autonomy, self-understanding and practical ability are the keys to determining performance.
4. Combination of class and subject management
According to this model, the original class management method will be relatively chaotic. Class management based on subject levels can be explored to achieve short-term results. Class management, unified student status management, and unified credit requirements solve the problem of high mobility.
(3) Coping with “frequent major exams”
Frequent exams place higher demands on the education administration department. They must not only ensure the quality and distinction of the exams, but also ensure the accuracy of the exams. fairness. On the one hand, the education administration department should increase its investment in human and material resources for the examination; on the other hand, it can integrate the strength of the current teaching and research departments (provincial and municipal teaching research institutes, offices), with less evaluation and activities of teachers and more evaluation of teachers. Research on student assessment and testing.
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