From the earliest unearthed stone tools, human society has a history of at least two or three million years. Most of them belong to primitive society. As the earliest tool made by human beings, stone tools have long-term decisive significance in primitive society. People use them to fight enemies, get food, make clothes, build trust and draw sculptures.
What is the Stone Age?
Stone tools and stone age belong to archaeological concepts. In primitive society, people used tools made of stone for production.
2) The invention of friction fire.
The use of fire, especially the invention of friction fire, had a great influence on the production of ancient people. The discovery and use of fire is a particularly important achievement of Paleolithic primitive people. For the use of fire, they experienced a long process from using nature to artificial ignition. That is fear-cognition |-use. Volcanic eruptions and lightning strikes caused forest fires. For primitive people, it is terrible. However, in the struggle against the sinister natural conditions, people gradually understand that it is warmer near the fire analysis, and the wild animals burned to death can satisfy their hunger. So they tried to find the fire, took the burning branches to the cave, and used fire as a weapon to overcome the cold and prevent wild invasion. In the long-term labor process, they also found the phenomenon of friction fire. For example, striking flint or stone tools will produce sparks; When scraping and drilling wood, it will give off heat, even smoke and catch fire. After tens of thousands of years of groping and trying, they finally mastered the methods of beating, grinding, drilling and other artificial fire. These make them transition from using nature to making artificial fires.
The discovery and utilization of fire is of great significance to the development of human beings and society. When people know and master fire, they will enhance their ability to resist cold climate. Fire can barbecue food, hunt and defend wild animals, illuminate, dry wet objects and turn ice cubes into drinking water. Therefore, Engels pointed out: "Friction fire is the first time that people dominate a natural force, thus eventually separating people from the animal kingdom."
Question: How did primitive animal husbandry develop? How did primitive agriculture come into being? What are their main effects?
3) The emergence and development of animal husbandry and planting.
The emergence and development of animal husbandry and agriculture is another great progress of productive labor in primitive society, which has far-reaching influence in the history of human production.
Primitive animal husbandry developed from hunting. As early as the late Paleolithic period, primitive people had domesticated dogs. They use dogs to help with hunting and also as meat reserves. Later, people soon planted lambs and other young animals and multiplied them in large numbers, which was more reliable than hunting and harvesting. As a result, bison, wild boar, wild deer, wild horses and other animals were domesticated. The appearance and development of primitive animal husbandry not only enriched the meat of primitive people, but also provided a large number of products such as milk, fat, skin, hair and bone. Some domesticated animals can be used as draught animals. Therefore, Engels regarded animal husbandry at that time as a new means of human liberation.
With the increase of domestic livestock, large-scale herds have appeared. In those areas suitable for animal husbandry, primitive people began to make a living from animal husbandry. They walked along the river to the fertile grassland and gradually separated from other tribes.
Primitive agriculture was gradually formed through collection, which was the specialty of women at that time. During the collection process, people pay great attention to the growth and maturity of edible plants. Through long-term observation and exploration, they finally found that the seeds of some wild plants can provide more food after cultivation, so they tried to introduce them around their homes, so there was primitive agriculture.
The appearance of primitive agriculture is of great significance to the development of society. It provides a reliable source of living materials for human beings, creates stable living conditions, and urges people to observe the changes in nature frequently and widely, thus promoting the development of science and technology.