New Book of Tang·Volume 138·Biography 63·Biography of Ma Lin
Original text
Ma Lin was a native of Fufeng, Qizhou. Young and lonely, wandering without a job. At the age of 20, I read the biography of Han Ma Yuan and saw that "my husband was expected to die in the field and returned with his body wrapped in horse leather", and he said with emotion: "Did my ancestors' achievements fall to the ground?" Qi Lao, tired of moving to Jinwu Guard General.
At the beginning of De Dynasty, the royal family was in many difficulties. Three thousand elite soldiers went to Fengxiang from Erting. Suzong was surprised and entrusted him to fight eastward. In the first battle in Weinan, he defeated 5,000 thieves with a hundred cavalry. From Li Guangbi's attack on Luoyang, Shi Chao's 100,000-strong army of righteous soldiers arrayed themselves in Bei Mang Mountain. Their flags and armor were shining in the sun, but the generals were hesitant and did not dare to attack. Lin led 500 troops, thinned the bandit camp, and entered and exited the three rebels. He was invincible and took advantage of them, and the bandits were defeated. Guangbi said: "I have been using the army for thirty years, but I have never seen anyone who can defeat a large number with a small number and is as powerful as a horse general!" He moved to test Taichang Qing.
Next year, when Tubo invaded the border area, Zhaolin was ordered to move troops to aid Hexi. After Huaien's rebellion, Lin was led back, and the battle was transferred to Fengxiang. The siege of the captives was closed, and Sun Zhizhi, the commander of Jiedu, guarded Yingcheng. Lin Lingshi was full of extroverts, broke into the county gate, went out to fight without disarming his armor, and carried the city formation behind him. When the enemy was defeated, he led his light cavalry to pursue him, killing thousands of people and draining the bloody Dan Canal. The emperor introduced Wei Lao and promoted him to serve as a censor.
At the beginning of Yongtai, he paid homage to the four towns of Xingyingjiedu, Nandao and Fan envoys. He was the Minister of the Ministry of Inspection and Industry of Russia, the envoy of Beiting Xingying and Xingning Jiedushi. On the first day of the Yuan Dynasty, some soldiers committed robberies, and it might be said that they should be pardoned. Lin said: "Pardon them, and people will wait for them to commit robberies." Then he killed them. There was a severe drought, and witches gathered in the lane to pray for the earth dragon. Lin said: "The drought is caused by the government and not repairing it." He ordered them to withdraw. It will rain tomorrow, it will be a great year. Not long after, he moved to Jingyuan. Quanzhi Fengxiang and Longyou Jiedu were deputy envoys. The four towns and Beiting remained as before, and they were restored to the two prefectures of Zheng and Ying.
In the eighth year of the Dali calendar, the Tubo rebels, Hun Yao, fought against Yi Lu, which was unfavorable. Lin set up an ambush in Panyuan, and teamed up with Yao to defeat it, and captured tens of thousands of people. Entering the inspection school, Shangshu's right servant shot. Next year, when I enter the court, I will ask the prime minister to inspect the school, Zuopu Shezhi, to save trouble and enter the Fufeng County Prince. In the eleventh year, he died in the army at the age of fifty-six. As a gift to Situ, his posthumous title was Wu.
Lin Shao is a scholar, but his martial arts skills are outstanding. When encountering difficulties, fight with loyalty and strength. In the eighth year of his stay in Jing, he repaired the walls of the garrison and used it as a war garrison. The order was kept intact, people enjoyed using it, and the captives did not dare to invade. He became a sharp general in the Zhongxing Dynasty. At the beginning, the Jing army was short of money, and the emperor ridiculed Li Baoyu to let Zheng and Ying, because Lin had gained accumulation, and the gifts he gave before and after were useless, and the family was not rich. The administration of the imperial capital was very extravagant, and its sleeping quarters cost two hundred thousand yuan. Fang Lin is in the army, and the defenders are covered with oil curtains. When people return from mourning, people rush to visit, and hundreds of people come to pay their respects under the pretense of being an old official. Dezong heard about it in the East Palace and was not happy. When he came to the throne, he banned the throne and refused to exceed the limit. He ordered the destruction of Linzhong Bedroom and the eunuch Liu Zhongyi. The Lin family was afraid and became an official in the pavilion. Later, banquets were given to the ministers, mostly in Linshan Pond. But if the children have no good deeds, their wealth will be exhausted.
Notes
1. Wandering: wandering, wandering. "Xin Yong of Yutai·Ancient Yuefu·Yan Ge Xing": "Two or three brothers are wandering in other counties." Dang, a work of "Dang". Tang Lingyi's poem "A Journey to the River to Zhang Sheren": "It's hard to describe the wandering heart. Thousands of peaks are clear and the sky is separated by qiongzhi." Shen Congwen's "Autobiography of Congwen: A Lesson from the Revolution of 1911": "In the Six Summers of the People's Republic of China, I He left his hometown and began to live a wandering life in the thirteen counties of the Yuanshui River Basin."
2. Business: that is, the business. Occupation; work. Tao Qian of the Jin Dynasty's "Miscellaneous Poems" No. 8: "Farming is not a hope, and the work is in the field of mulberry." Tang Xutang's poem "Returning to the South of the Yangtze River to Leave Friends": "The spring has not been happy, and the work has been doubted."
< p>3. Bian Ye: Jew Bian Di. "The Book of the Later Han·Biography of Ma Yuan": "A man should die in the wilderness, wrapped in horse leather and buried with his ears. How can he lie in bed and do evil in the hands of his son?" Yuan Sadula's poem "Inscribed on a Horse Picture": "Into Driving a drum chariot for the king, and going out to clean the fields as a general. "Feng Menglong of the Ming Dynasty" "Jingzhong Banner Yuehou Niebei": "It is better to die in the fields than to follow your children withered."4. Wrap your body in horse leather. The body was wrapped in horsehide. It means fighting bravely and dying on the battlefield. "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Ma Yuan's Biography": "A man should die in the wilderness, wrapped in horse leather and buried with his ears. How can he lie in bed and do evil in the hands of his son?" Zhu Tan of the Northern Qi Dynasty "asked Wang Lin for the first letter with Xu Ling": "The sincere restoration of the body wrapped in horse leather fulfills his lifelong ambition; the violence in the wilderness is the integrity of the other ministers." "History of Song Dynasty: Biography of Cui Han": "Since I pledged myself to the country and did not want to die at home, it is enough to wrap the body in horse leather." Qing Zhaolian's "Miscellaneous Records of Xiaoting: Record of the Defeat of the Army of 1911": "I will survive the rest of my life, and I will not die because of the kindness of the emperor. Now I am lucky to be wrapped in horse leather!" "Selected Poems of the Northeast People's Anti-Japanese Poems·Memorial Song": "I am determined to serve on the battlefield. "The corpse was wrapped in horse leather and swore not to return to the camp alive." It is also called "the corpse is wrapped in horse leather". Jin Hehongzhong's poem "Shu Huai": "It's too late to see the corpses in the horse leather, so what's more to say when they are hungry in the Western Mountains." It is also pronounced as "horse leather". "Book of Sui Dynasty: Biography of Li Yuantong, Chen Mao and others": "I can finally pull myself out of the mud and leap above the wind and clouds. I fulfill Ma Ge's wish and my heart to live a happy life. How can I achieve this unless I meet the right time." "The Holly Tree·King Qin" written by Jiang Shiquan of the Qing Dynasty: "I, the official Wen Tianxiang, set up a tooth flag and have the ambition of horse leather. I dare not work hard to defeat the enemy."
5. Feelings of emotion. Li Ling of the Han Dynasty's "Reply to Su Wu Shu": "The consolation is more diligent than the flesh and blood. Although Ling is not sensitive, he can not be generous." "Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Dang Guo Biography·Fan Pang": "Pang boarded the chariot and took the bridle, and he was generous enough to clarify the world. "Aspirations." Song Ouyang Xiu's "Inscription on the Shinto of Wen Zhengfan Gong, the Minister of Household Affairs in the Zizheng Palace": "The young man has great integrity, and he does not care about the rich, the poor, the humble, and the reputation, but he has ambitions for the world." Lu Xun's "Grave." ·The Power of Moro Poetry": "(Taitakaena) generously resigned from the post of poet of the Vienna Theater."
6. Merit: Merit.
"Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi, Fu Gu Biography": "The ambition is great, but the merits are difficult to achieve, so be careless!" Li Qi of the Tang Dynasty's poem "Farewell to Zhang Bingcao": "The merits are great, the paintings and tin are good." Qing Guan Tong "Preface to "Fang Zhi's Collected Works": "Thus it can be said: life is cultivated in the body, and all the merits and deeds are at the end." A Ying's "The Military and Art and Literary Affairs": "The general single-handedly settled in northern Jiangsu, and his deeds Strive to spread the story to the south of the Yangtze River."
7. Hold on to strategies: Have strategies and suggestions in mind. Lian of the Ming Dynasty and Song Dynasty wrote in his "Preface to "Gui's Family": "Ji Zhen was there on the weekends, and he and his brother Sui used the policy to interfere with the princes." Gong Zizhen of the Qing Dynasty "Miscellaneous Poems of Jihai" No. 21: "What kind of help can a scholar achieve with a policy? How can he help Wei? The Weaver Girl in the South is worried. "Li Dazhao's "State of the Country": "The generals are also divided for the sake of the world."
8. Qi Lao: extraordinary achievements; great achievements.
9. Tired of moving: Tired of moving. It means that he was promoted to official positions many times. "New Tang Book·Li Shi's Biography": "In the early days of Shenlong, he promoted General Zuo Weilang. In the middle of Kaiyuan, he moved the governor of Tongzhou to handle the affairs of government."
10. Royal family: dynasty; imperial court. "Shu·Kang Wang Zhigao": "Although you are away from home, your heart is not in the royal family." "Dongguan Hanji Biography of Yuan An": "As a Situ, An always sheds tears when he misses the royal family every time he meets." Du Fu of Tang Dynasty "A Hundred Rhymes of Ode to the Kui Mansion in Autumn": "Geng Jia supports the royal family, and Xiao Cao Gong controls the banquet." Qing Ling Yang Zao's "Li Shao Bian·Uoli Chu Qi Volume": "The upper body has a heavenly heart, and the lower body obeys human desires. , loyal to the vassal royal family, trustworthy to protect the country."
11. Jingjia: refers to the elite army. "Three Kingdoms, Shu Chronicles, Zhuge Liang's Biography": "Although the Yuzhou Army was defeated by Changban, the remaining warriors today are as good as Guan Yu's navy army, with 10,000 soldiers, and Liu Qi and Jiangxia's soldiers are no less than 10,000." "New Book of Tang·Pei Jun Biography": " They all sent out three thousand fine armors and counterattacked, but the thieves looked at the wind and ran away." 12. Erting: Two Royal Courts. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, they were divided into the Southern and Northern Xiongnu. In the 24th year of Jianwu's reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Pu Nu, the virtuous king of the left Xiongnu, established himself as a chanyu. However, Zhenzhi, the king of the right, could not establish him, so he led his troops to the south to follow the Han and established himself as a chanyu. The Xiongnu was divided into the north and the south. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Biography of the Southern Xiongnu": "Then the Xiongnu fought for power, and the sun came and went... So the Xiongnu was divided, and the north and the south began to exist." The Tang Dynasty refers to the north and south after the split of the Western Turks. Duolu Khan built a court in Shanxi Province, which is called the North Courtyard; Yibisha Bolo Yehu Khan built a court in the north of Jihe River, which is called the South Courtyard. See "New Tang Book·Tujue Biography". King Luo Bin of the Tang Dynasty's poem "Xi Ci Puleijin": "The second court returns to the end, and the guests from thousands of miles away feel sad."
13. Flag armor: flag and armor.
14. Zhaori: complementing the sunlight. Yang Xuanzhi of the Northern Wei Dynasty's "Luoyang Jialan Ji·Gaoyang Wangsi": "The Sui Dynasty beads shine on the sun, and the robes follow the wind." The Northern Zhou Dynasty Yu Xin's "Yangliu Song": "The wine cup holding the clouds is red agate, shining on the eclipse snail purple glass." "New Book of Tang" "The Biography of Ma Lin": "From Li Guangbi's attack on Luoyang, Shi Chao's 100,000 righteous people formed Bei Mang Mountain, and their flags and armor were shining in the sun."
15. 冘义 (yóu): hesitant, hesitant. "New Book of Tang·Biography of Ma Lin": "In the history of the dynasty, there were hundreds of thousands of righteous people, arrayed on Mang Mountain in the north, with flags and armor shining in the sun. The generals were suspicious and did not dare to attack."
16. Ministers: subordinates; Soldiers.
17. Thin: approaching; approaching.
18. Thief Village: The lair of thieves.
19. Invincible: the vegetation falls. Sima Xiangru of the Han Dynasty wrote in "Ode to Shanglin": "In response to the wind, the wind is overwhelming, and the fragrance is exhaled." Volume 13 of Song Shao Bowen's "Previous Records of Hearing and Seeing": "A big snake came slowly, overwhelming the grass and trees, and the man carrying the load ran away in fright, and the weapon It doesn't move." Zhang Mingbi's poem "Dan Kui" in the Qing Dynasty: "The blind wind crossed the southern wilderness in one night, and the grass was overwhelming." It means the army was defeated. "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "Then King Xiang shouted and galloped down, and the Han army was invincible, so he killed a Han general." "New Book of Tang·Du Fuwei Biography": "With a loud shout of attack, the Han army was invincible." "History of Ming Dynasty" "Zhu Neng Zhuan": "The army was invincible by tens of thousands of people, and many people were killed. More than 3,000 people were surrendered." It generally refers to retreat and retreat. Ming Dynasty Xie Zhaozhe's "Wuzazu·Tianbuyi": "In the Tang Dynasty, there was a large locust tree in the west of the state. It was struck by lightning and cracked several feet in the middle. The thunder god was caught in the tree and roared for days. The crowd was invincible and did not dare to approach." Lu Xun's "Qie" The last compilation of Jie Ting's essays: "Two or three things about Mr. Taiyan": "Soon he took charge of the "Min Bao"... It was really invincible and exciting."
20. Xiongjie: means victory. King Ruoxu of the Jin Dynasty's "Inscriptions on the Tomb of Liu Jun, the Great Officials of the Former Dynasty": "The number is odd but not even, and the repeated achievements have not been followed... Once the victory is achieved, I will be overjoyed." Xu Wei of the Ming Dynasty, "Shu Hongyan Gongzhuan": "Compete with Zhu Rong and Hui Lu for victory. ."
21. Trial: Trial appointment.
22. Kou Bian: Invading the border. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Preface to the Biography of the Western Qiang": "When Wu Yi was tyrannical and the dogs and soldiers invaded the border, the ancient Duke of Zhou crossed Liangshan and took refuge in Qixia." Volume 2 of Zhu Kejing's "Miscellaneous Knowledge in Men'an" of the Qing Dynasty: "Daoguang Renyin, Yingjili bandits In the border area, the peace talks were not yet decided, and a British warship was docked in Taiwan. Yao Ying, who patrolled the border, wanted to kill him. "Fan Wenlan, Cai Meibiao, etc. "General History of China", Part 3, Chapter 2, Section 2: "Originally, it was common for Tubo to invade the border area. It was also common for the Tang guards to drive it away."
23. Lead the army back. The old title of Han Li Ling's "Reply to Su Wu Shu": "Chan Yu said that the mausoleum could not be recovered, so he wanted to bring it back." "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Gai Yanzhuan": "I and Zhonglang came to attack Hechi, but they failed to conquer, so they led him back because of illness." ."
24. Onomatopoeia. Describe the subtle sound of birdsong. Tang Bai Juyi's "Pipa Travel (with Preface)": "The orioles in Guan Guan say that the flowers are slippery." This describes the hardships, ruggedness and twists and turns of the journey. "Book of Han·Biography of Wang Mang": "From the pass to the gradual stage." Sun Yat-sen persuaded Cai E: "He has been a generous protector throughout his life, and has been guarding horses for thousands of miles.
""Jianguan Wanli" refers to the situation of traveling thousands of miles, working hard, and going through hardships.
25. Zhuandou: switching to battle. "Historical Records: Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "The people of Chu started from Pengcheng and turned to chase. In the north, as for Xingyang, he took advantage of the situation and swept across the country, shaking the world. "Tang Gaoshi's poem "Shang Shang": "It's not a good idea to turn around, and getting married is not a long-term plan. Zeng Guofan of the Qing Dynasty wrote in "Jinling Military Camp Officials and Gentlemen Zhaozhong Temple": "The lonely army turned around and did not return for months."
26 Ying: surround; surround. "Book of Han·Biography of Kuai Tong": "Yingcheng must be defended." "Selected Works·Sima Qian·Report to Ren Shaoqing": "Secondly, pick off the hair and gold and iron of the baby to be humiliated." Another example: Yingcheng must be defended (circling the city to defend); Yingcheng must be defended. Shou (encircle the city and defend); Yingcheng (encircle the city and defend); Yingbo (encircle and approach).
27. Hold full: draw the bowstring full. "Historical Records·Jianghou Zhoubo Family": "The sergeants are covered with armor, sharp weapons, bows and crossbows, and they are full." The preface to the poem "Zegong" by Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty: "The secret bows are full, and there are many who can fly in the wind. "Xu Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Yuan Shizu Zhi Yuan Fifteenth Year": "There is fear in the stronghold, and people are full of hope."
28. Extroversion: that is, outward. Towards the outside. "Books with Liu Zicheng" by Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty: "Jinjue has always been a scholar, but he has the disadvantage of floating outward. Not only does he make mistakes, but he also makes mistakes to many others."
29. County Gate: Guarded in Ancient Times The gate of the city is installed at the inner city gate. It can be hung up when nothing happens, and lowered when the invaders arrive. "Zuo Zhuan·The Twenty-Eighth Year of Duke Zhuang": "All the cars entered Zichunmen and reached Kui City. The county gate did not go out." Du Yu's note: "The county gate was placed at the inner city gate." "Zuo Zhuan·Xiang Gong" "Ten Years": "Forcing the Yang people to open the gate, the princes and scholars can't open it. The county gate is opened, and the Ying people make decisions." Kong Yingda Shu: "For the county gate, the editor is as wide and long as a door, and the closing mechanism is placed on the county gate. If there are bandits, they will seize the opportunity and attack them. "Mozi: Bei City Gate": "Therefore, in order to defend the city, Bei City Gate is the county gate, which is two feet long and eight feet wide." Han Huan said. Kuan's "Salt and Iron Theory: Destruction of Learning": "If you don't have the virtue of benevolence and righteousness but have wealth and honor, if you walk over the hurdle, you will live under the county gate." County Yamen. Tang Wangjian's "Tian Family Journey": "The Tian family's food and clothing are not rich, and they are happy when they don't see the county gate."
30. Disarm: take off the battle clothes. Refers to the rest between military operations. "Wu Zi·Making Enemies": "The road was far and the sun was setting. The soldiers were tired and frightened. They were tired but did not eat. They disarmed and rested." "Southern History·Song Chronicles·Wudi": "The emperor returned the stone and beheaded Xu Chite. After disarming for a long time, he went out to Gaotang. "Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty" "The Anecdotes of Duan Taiwei": "(Guo Xi) Gu scolded the people around him and said: 'Everyone disarms and returns to the fire. Anyone who dares to make a fuss will die.'" Chapter 86 of "Water Margin": "Song Jiang and Lu Junyi, together with Wu Yong and Gongsun Sheng, returned to the stronghold, and the three armies were about to rest and disarm for a while." Ming Shen Shixing's poem "Inscribed on the Picture of Exiting the Fortress in Qingqiu": "He Ge is incomprehensible A, the millet is still flying.”
31. Back to the city: lean on your own city wall. Many fingers for the final battle. The second poem of "Youfei" by Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty: "The imperial guard retreats into the front hall, and the soldiers carry back the city." "New History of the Five Dynasties·Wu Shijia·Yang Xingmi": "Backing the city with a strong fence, you can not be exhausted from the battle." Ming Yang Shen's "Illustrated Notes of the Eight Formations of Xindu County": "The cover is better than many, and the best is perfect. It is not borrowing one from the back city, but luckily going deep." See "Borrowing one from the back city".
32. Drifting Blood Danqu: It means that the ditch is full of blood and is all red.
33. Introduction: guide the introduction. It used to mean that when the emperor received his ministers or guests, he would be guided in by the relevant ministers. "Book of Han·Liang Gong Zhuan": "Zheng was the official admonishment and introduction." "Book of Later Han·Book of Scholars·Dai Ping": "Since he was a Tingwei, there was an imperial edict, and he was introduced again later." Su Shi of the Song Dynasty " "Three Incidents in the Reverse Article": "Through this, I know what I am doing and what I am doing, so that I can see and listen to it, and I can protect myself from the enemy. Even though I have no family, I still have to introduce him at an unexpected time."
34. Wei Lao: Condolences . "New Book of Tang Wei Renshou Biography": "The governor of Nanning Prefecture was ordered to inspect and inspect the school, and he was sent to Yueyong for treatment. He was ordered to perform duties as a lieutenant on the first day of the year."
35. Yuan Day: the first day of the first lunar month. "Shu Dian": "The first day of the month is the first day of the month, and Shun is in line with Wenzu." Kong Zhuan: "The first day of the month is the first month; the first day is the previous day." "Selected Works·Zhang Heng
36. Commit theft: commit the crime of theft.
37. Lane: Youjiexiang. "Mozi Order": "Officials, soldiers and people enter the alleys without following the rules. If the officials and the three elders guarding the gates fail to act harshly, they will be cut off." "Hanshu·Five Elements Chronicles": "The people of Jingshi County gather in the alleys." Thousands of people were installed to worship the Queen Mother of the West with singing and dancing. "The Su Family Genealogy Pavilion" written by Su Xun of the Song Dynasty said: "His father Ma Heyi and his maids and concubines are so beautiful that they can enchant the little people in the alley." Volume 3 of "Shu Ying" written by Zhou Lianggong of the Qing Dynasty. : "At that time, he could not help but smile in the alleys and be insulted by his wife in praise clothes and well-dressed people, let alone future generations!" Ye Shengtao's "Qiongchou": "What Asong knows is a mean man who never goes out of the alleys."
38. Earth Dragon: A dragon made of earth. In ancient times, it was used to beg for rain. "Huainanzi·Shuo Shan Xun": "The objects used by the sage are like using Zhu silk to tame a dog, or using an earth dragon to pray for rain." Han Wang Chong's "Lun Heng·Chaos Dragon": "Dong Zhongshu Shen's Utensil in "Spring and Autumn", The earth dragon is set up to attract rain, and its meaning is the cloud dragon. ""Book of the Later Han·Li Zhong": "When there is a drought, the ministers and officials perform the urinal ceremony to pray for rain." , there are two hundred native people and two dancing boys. They change every seven days, just like a story.
"Yun of the Qing Dynasty's "Yuewei Thatched Cottage Notes·Luanyang Xiaoxia Lu 5": ""Yi·Wenyan·Zhuan" calls "Yun Conglong", so Dong Zhongshu's method of praying for rain summons an earth dragon, which is the basis of this secular theory. "
39. Gathering witchcraft: Gathering people to perform witchcraft rituals.
40. No cultivation: No cultivation; no correction. "Zuo Zhuan·Xianggong Twenty-eighth Years": "No If you cultivate your political virtues but are greedy and ignorant of the princes to fulfill your wishes, will you get it if you want it for a long time? "Three Kingdoms Wu Weizhao's "Game Theory": "People are careless and unrepaired. "
41. Da Rang: also known as "big soil". A great harvest.
42. Wei Ji: Soon. "Poetry·Qi Feng·Fu Tian": "Not soon When I see you, I suddenly see you. "Zhu Xi's collected biographies: "It's not long, it's not long." "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Maliao": "There are not many systems in the front, but not in the back." Although some officials do not follow the law, good reasons will lead to the capital. "Book of Jin·Biography of Wei Yong": "Yong first lived in commoners and was not ashamed of being poor and lowly... He was a guest of Yin Zhongkan at first, but soon he actually fulfilled his position. Commentators called it this." "Mengxi Bi Tan Xiang Shu Er" written by Shen Kuo of the Song Dynasty: "In the middle of Xining, I prepared the Taishi, tried to bully him, and dismissed six people from office. Soon, the disadvantages returned to the same state. "Qing Qianyong's "Luyuan Conghua·Laughing Stock·Not Allowed": "A certain person who is a famous Jinshi was elected to know the county. Not long after he took office, a theft was reported and the victim was injured. "Guo Moruo's "Haitao Collection: Before Leaving Shanghai": "Not long after, Fangwu also came. I took Fangwu away, and Anna went with him. "
43. Internal invaders: refers to the invasion of foreign enemies. "Supplement to the Records of Dongzhai" written by Fan Zhen of the Song Dynasty: "Cao Taiwei Wei knew about Qinzhou and attacked the internal invaders in the west. "
44. Entering the dynasty: means entering the central court as an official. "Dongguan Hanji Biography of Liu Kai": "When Kai entered the dynasty, everyone in power would not fail to admire his popularity. "Jin Lu Ji's "Xie Pingyuan Internal History Table": "In the nine years since he entered the dynasty, he has held six official positions. He ascended three pavilions and held two palaces. "
45. Academic: learning, knowledge. Liang Hexun of the Southern Dynasties wrote a poem "Giving to the Moling Brothers, the Tribe": "The boy has no academic knowledge, and Ding Ning is stuck with a salary. "Ode to the Eighteen Arhats" by Su Shi of the Song Dynasty: "The Sanskrit is very ancient, and the scholarship is profound." "Li Dongyang of the Ming Dynasty's "Qiu Tui Lu": "With more ambition and concern, the days will be shortened and the academic field will become more and more depleted. "
46. Wugan: refers to military talents. "Book of Wei·Biography of Lu Luohan": "Arhat is benevolent and prudent, and he is famous for his weak title. ""Song Book·Yin Yan Biography": "Xiu You and Yan Shu said: 'The king is weak in literature and has no martial arts skills. This is known from far and near. ’” "Liang Shu Biography of Zhang Huishao": "Zhang Huishao, courtesy name Deji, was from Yiyang and had few martial arts talents. "New Book of Tang·Biography of Ma Lin": "Lin was less scholarly but unparalleled in martial arts." "Xu Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Taizu Kaibao of the Song Dynasty was in the fifth year": "At the beginning, the emperor asked Zhao Pu: 'Who are the Confucian officials who have martial arts skills?' 'Pengzhou was known by common people, and Xin Zhongfu was right in making up the left side. "
47. Unparalleled: Unparalleled. "Historical Records·Biography of Guice": "A man who knows a trick will always be self-effective, and the one who is unparalleled and extraordinary is the right one, and he has no selfishness. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Ban Gu Biography": "Yin Su, Cao Shi Yin Su, was a great scholar and scholar. He recited "Poetry" three hundred times and was entrusted with special duties. "Du Fu's "Beautiful People's Journey" of the Tang Dynasty: "The popularity is overwhelming, so be careful not to get too close to the prime minister's anger. ""Warning Words·Li Banned the Immortal, Drunk the Grass and Scared the Barbarians": "From then on, his reputation grew, and it never spread. The literary talent is extremely rich and will be spread unparalleled. "
48. Encountering bad times: It means encountering good times. "Zhuangzi·Xu Wugui": "Encountering bad times is useful, and you can't do nothing. "Cheng Xuan Ying Shu said: "In the past, when scholars encountered fate, their emotions changed with the situation, so they could not do anything. "Book of Zhou·Biography of Xue Jin": "This young man is very generous, but he is not favored by others." "Ming Ye Sheng's "Shuidong Diary·Gu Du Yushi's Prestige": "Although he was prosperous as a king when he suffered, he still had the ability to overwhelm and suppress. "Wu Weiye of the Qing Dynasty" "An Odyssey to the Ancients" No. 5: "It is difficult to encounter times, but it is especially difficult to express one's heart." "Refers to the current situation encountered. Tang Hanyu's "Essays on the Commemoration of Mrs. Zheng": "Since we were defeated and buried, the times were difficult, and the whole family traveled together to avoid the river. "
49. Tunji: Difficulty; chaos. "New Book of Tang·Biography of Ma Lin": "Lin was less academic, but unparalleled in martial arts. When encountering difficulties, fight with loyalty and strength. "
50. Lifen: diligent and hardworking.
51. Tunbi: Youtunbao. Wall, barrier. "New Book of Tang·Nanman Biography Part 1": "The actual situation of Xizhou On the way to and from the country, several states were defended, and hundreds of captives were able to spy on them. Therefore, they were guarded with strong troops, and the tunnels faced each other. Food and equipment were everywhere. How dare the Eastern barbarians have any idea? "
52. War and defense: attack and defense. Han Wangfu's "Qian Fu Lun·Save the Border": "This is why the strategy of war and defense must be decided early." "Jin Lu Ji's "Debating the Death": "The way of war and defense has its predecessors, and the advantages of danger have not changed suddenly. The principles of success and failure are so interesting in ancient and modern times. Why? "Song Zenggong's "Invite Generals from the Northwest to Select Generals from the Southeast to Reinforce the Army with Zha Zi": "Then I thought it would be appropriate to select generals from the northwest and assign them to one state and one state, and assign them the responsibility of fighting and defending. "Xia Xie of the Qing Dynasty" "Chronicles of China and the West: Similarities and Differences in Suppression": "Now that Seng Gelinqin's military power has become stronger, he emphasizes war and defense, and refreshes his spirit. Foreigners are quite afraid of him." "
53. Su: severe; austere. "The Classic of Filial Piety·Three Talents": "It is caused by not being strict in teaching, and it is caused by not being strict in government." "Guoyu·Qiyu": "This is why his father and brother's teachings are not serious, and his children's learning is not hard work." "Chen Taiqiu's Inscription" written by Cai Yong of the Han Dynasty: "Being moderate in moral conduct, being honest in teaching is not solemn." "
54. Cruel: cruel; harsh.
55. Satire: tactful remarks or accusations. "Guangya": "Satire, admonishment. "Book of the Later Han: Biography of Li Yun": "There are five kinds of etiquette, and admonishment and satire are the most important." "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Zhang Heng": "When he later moved to serve in the imperial court, the emperor stood behind the curtain and satirized him.
"Liu Ji of the Ming Dynasty" "Words of the Orange Seller": "How can he be cynical and evil?" And rely on Gan to satirize? "
56. Peiji: Gather and accumulate. "New Tang Book·Nanman Zhuan·Nanzhaoxia": "The emperor said so, that is, the imperial edict hopes to be the governor of Qiongzhou... There is no end to the accumulation of money, and private bribes amount to millions. "
57. Gift: reward. Or refers to something given as a reward. Poem 8 of "Tongwang Shisanwei Accidental Composition" by Chu Guangxi of the Tang Dynasty: "The ministers often see rewards, but it is difficult to record the gifts." "Ming Jiang Yikui's "Chang'an Hakka: Daming Gate": "The emperor was very happy and gave him a generous gift. "Li Yuandu of the Qing Dynasty" "A Brief Introduction to the First Business of the Dynasty - Li Wenqin Gong": "When you go out, you will be a retinue, and when you enter, you will serve as a lecturer. The income earned will be given as gifts and often distributed to the relatives of the clan." "
58. Wushu: countless. There are too many to say. "Zhou Li·Chun Guan·Wizard": "The gift from Dongtang is Wufang Wuzhen. "Zheng Xuan's Note: "Without a trap, there are countless paths, and the farther you go, the better. "The Biography of Prince Liang of Qi Jingling in Southern History": "Zi Liang sent people to see the fish in the Huai River without any calculation, and they all came out of the water towards the city gate." "Old History of the Five Dynasties·Book of Tang·Biography of Zhu Youqian": "When Youqian came to Luoyang, Zhuangzong gave him a banquet and worked hard to pamper Xi. "Revolution of 1911·Wuhan War Records", a series of Chinese modern history materials: "In this battle... I won thirty-six mountain cannons, and there were no firearms and bullets." "Li Dazhao, "Co-Governance and World Organization": "Country against country... you fight against me, often leading to wars, killing people without planning and consuming money without planning. "
59. Buzi: that is, "no Zi". It cannot be compared; it cannot be counted. "Guanzi·Seven Ministers and Seven Lords": "The common people do not have land, and the rich and the poor do not have Zi. They all use this as a tool. . "Historical Records·Biography of Huozhi": "He first obtained the elixir point, and he was good at its benefits for several generations, and his family was not happy." Sima Zhensuoyin said: "It is said that there are many, which cannot be measured." "New Book of Tang·Biography of Kang Chengxun": "There is no reward for getting weapons and armor." "Li Gang of the Song Dynasty wrote in his "Zha Zi" about the affairs of the Privy Council: "It lacks the achievements of the past, but there are unpaid slanders." "Guo Moruo's "Return and Dafu's Visit": "Afterwards, the owner of Wenqiu Hall told me that because the weight was too large, the publication funds were not available, so it was not realized. ”
60. Managing the land: building a house.
61. Bedroom: generally refers to the house and living room. The old title of Song You Miao’s "Full Tang Poetry·Duan Chengshi": "The Maitreya Hall in the temple is also the sleeping hall of Duke Qi. "Biography of Ge Mu" written by Shunzhi of the Ming and Tang Dynasties: "After Rong Rong'an moved to Yang, he helped Rong'an build a new residence. The manager regarded Fengyang as being particularly diligent and not late, and talked in the hall, just like his old home. "
62. Wuwu: Approximately; total ***. "Zhou Bi Suan Jing" Volume 2: "Wuwu, seven of the thirteen degrees and nineteen degrees of the day after tomorrow, have not been determined. "Zhao Shuang notes: "Those who have no worries are just rough plans. "Book of Han: Biography of Feng Fengshi": "Today there are 30,000 rebels without worry, and the law should be trusted with 60,000 people." ” Master Yan’s ancient annotation: “ Wu Wu is an ordinary word. There are no small considerations but big plans. Song Zhoumi's "Old Martial Arts Stories: A Visit to the West Lake": "(Emperor Longevity) visited the lakes and mountains and rode a large dragon boat." The prime ministers, subordinates, and officials, as well as the great ministers, should be supported by the various departments and the capital to suppress and suppress others. Each took a large boat, and there were hundreds of them. "History of the Ming Dynasty·Biography of Gu Xiancheng": "Since Xiancheng was abolished, his reputation has increased, and he has been recommended by China and foreign countries without hesitation." "Guo Moruo's "Collection of Yushu·Memorial of Taierzhuang": "About 500,000 people participated in the torch parade in the three towns of Tonghe and Wuhan. "
63. Spend money: spend money. Song Zhenggang's poem "Yuanjingxuan": "I build a new pavilion without spending money, and the young man's house wall is open to the east. "The Scholars" Chapter 19: "It's just that the money is here, why do you need to spend money?" "Liang Zhangju of the Qing Dynasty, "Wang Ji Cong Tan·Serving Walnuts": "I heard that this prescription was first introduced from the Western Regions, and now more and more people are trying it in China. It doesn't cost much money, and it doesn't take much effort, so it is advisable. ”
64. Min: Used for strings of copper coins, each string contains a thousand coins. Qing Shao Changheng’s "Qingmen Leftover Manuscript": "Money is tens of millions of coins." "
65. Oil curtain: paint or oil-soaked cloth curtain. Phonetic word. From the sound of jinman. Scarf, silk and linen fabric. Original meaning: tent; curtain. "Shuowen": "curtain, The curtain is also...the one covering the upper part is called the curtain, and the one on the side is called the curtain. "Mozi Fei Gong": "The curtains and curtains are used by the three armies." "
66. Capital people: people from Kyoto. "Selected Works·Ban Gu's "Western Capital Fu"": "The women of the capital are all different from each other. "Li Shan's note: "Mao's Poems says: 'People from other capitals. ’” Zhang Xian’s note: “It is said that the ladies of this capital are more beautiful than any other. "Du Fu's poem "Sorrowful Chen Tao" of the Tang Dynasty: "Everyone turns around and cries to the north, watching day and night for the arrival of the army. "Qiu Zhaoao's note: "It is said that the prince sent his troops north to capture Chang'an and watched it day and night. Sometimes Xiang Xiang was startled and said: "The prince's army has arrived." ’” Kang Youwei’s “The Second Letter of the Shangqing Emperor”: “After reading the Shanghai News, the world was shocked, the whole country was in discord, and everyone was frightened. "
67. Dishe: house, residence. Han Xun Yue's "Han Ji·Ai Di Ji Xia": "(Xifu Gong) There is no Dishe in the country, so he lives in Qiuting. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Biography of the Eunuch, Cao Jie": "Renovate the house, and connect the alleys." "Tang Fengyan's "Feng Family's Hearing and Seeing Notes: Di Zhai": "Dai Zong came to the throne, and the prime ministers, assistants and officials in power fought to build the house, which was quite troublesome. "Zizhi Tongjian·The First Year of Tai'an of Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty": "Yu Maoci in Tang Dynasty, Yubei Palace in Xia Dynasty, today Daxing Dishe and built a residence for the three kings, how can it be so urgent today!" ”
68. Exceeding the system: also called “over the system”. Exceeding the regulations; violating the system. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Huangfu Song Biography": "Song attacked Zhangjiao and passed through Ye, where he met Zhao Zhongzhao, the Changshi. If you give up and exceed the rules, you will lose it. "Book of Jin·Biography of Filial Friends": "Liu Yin is a young man who is hard to be cruel, and the firewood is destroyed and exceeds the system."
""Song Book·Autobiography": "(Sheng Xiaozhang) said: 'You combined with Huangzhong to make it cool, and finally became a wonderful weapon. Why do you exceed the limit and destroy the evil by yourself? ’” Tang Dynasty Liu Su’s "Datang Xinyu·Jiyi" states: "In recent times, Dali Qing Xu had meritorious service, and he did not abuse the law, but others relied on it." As for the burial, frugality should not exceed the limit. "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records and Cao Jianting's Remonstrance" from Zhaolian of the Qing Dynasty: "Liu Quan tried to hand over a scholar-bureaucrat, took bribes of tens of thousands, and built more houses than the system allowed. "Guo Moruo's "Manuscripts of Chinese History", Chapter 1, Part 3, Section 1: ""Miscellaneous Laws" mainly punish behaviors that disrupt the order of feudal society and violate the system, such as stealing military talismans and official seals, discussing government affairs, gatherings, corruption, and extravagance. Exceeding the limit, etc. "
Translation
Ma Lin is a native of Fufeng County, Qizhou. He lost his father when he was young and wandered without a fixed occupation. At the age of twenty, he read "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty·The Biography of Ma Yuan" ”, when he read “The husband died in the wilderness and returned home wrapped in horse leather”, he said emotionally: “(Do I want to) let the achievements of my ancestors disappear from my generation? "In the late years of Kaiyuan, he took refuge in the Anxi Jiedu Envoy with plans and suggestions. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was promoted to General Jinwuwei many times.
In the early years of Zhide, the court was in trouble, and Ma Lin commanded three thousand people. Elite troops rushed to Fengxiang County from the north and south of the Western Turks. Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty thought that he was extraordinary and appointed him as the general to fight in Weinan. He led a hundred cavalry to defeat 5,000 enemy troops and followed Li Guangbi to attack Luoyang. One hundred thousand people lined up in Beimang Mountain, their flags and armor reflected the sunlight. The generals were hesitant and did not dare to attack. Ma Lin led 500 soldiers to approach the bandit's nest and attacked the enemy's nest three times. The enemy was defeated and pursued in pursuit of victory. , and the rebels were defeated. Li Guangbi said: "I have led troops in battles for thirty years, and I have never seen anyone who can win as happily as General Ma with a small force against a large number!" "Promoted to the imperial minister.
The next year, Tubo invaded the border and ordered Ma Lin to move to rescue Hexi. Pugu Huai'en rebelled, and Ma Lin led his troops to retreat and moved to Fengxiang County with difficulty. (At that time, ) The enemy soldiers were surrounded, and Jiedushi Sun Zhizhi surrounded the city and defended it. Ma Lin ordered the soldiers to draw their bows outwards, break into the gate of the city, and fight without rest. The enemy troops were defeated in formation with their backs on the city wall. , led the light cavalry to pursue the enemy soldiers, beheading thousands of people, and the blood flowed into the ditch and the river. The emperor ordered the ministers to greet him and promoted him to serve as the censor.
In the early years of Yongtai, He was appointed as the envoy of the four towns of Xingying Jiedu and Nandao Hefan. Soon he was appointed as the minister of the inspection and work department and the envoy of Beiting Xingying and Xingning Jiedu. On the first day of the first lunar month, some soldiers committed the crime of theft. Some people said that Ma Lin should be pardoned. Said: “(If) he is pardoned, then everyone will have to wait until this day to steal. " So he killed him. There was a severe drought, and Li made earth dragons in the streets and gathered people to perform witchcraft to pray for rain. Ma Lin said: "The severe drought is because of the lack of enlightenment in politics. "Immediately ordered to evacuate. It rained the next day, and there was a good harvest this year. Soon he was transferred to Jingyuan, temporarily in charge of Fengxiang and Longyou Jiedu deputy envoys. His duties in the four towns and Beiting remained unchanged as before, and he was transferred to Jingyuan. The two prefectures of Zheng and Ying were under his jurisdiction.
In the eighth year of Dali (774), Tubo invaded the border, and Hun Yao fought with it in Yilu. Together they defeated Tubo and captured tens of thousands of people. In the next year, he entered the court as an official and asked to be appointed prime minister. In the eleventh year (777), he died in the military camp at the age of 56. He was awarded the title of Situ and was given the posthumous title of Wu.
Ma Lin had no knowledge, but his military ability was unparalleled, and he relied on his loyalty when he encountered the chaotic national situation. He was diligent and hard-working. He served in Jingyuan for eight years, repairing the forts and repairing war and defense equipment. He was strict in government and military orders and not cruel. People were willing to work for him and foreign enemies did not dare to invade. At first, he was a general in the Jingyuan Army. Short of money and supplies, the emperor politely asked Li Baoyu to give up the two prefectures of Zheng and Ying. As a result, Ma Lin was able to accumulate wealth. In addition, he received countless rewards in succession, and his family was rich and wealthy in the capital. The house was built very extravagantly, and his living room cost about 200,000 yuan. When Ma Lin was serving in the army, the people who guarded the house covered him with oil-soaked curtains. When he returned to Beijing after a funeral, people from the capital rushed in to watch. He pretended to be a former subordinate official and hundreds of people came to Beijing to mourn every day. Tang Dezong heard about this in the East Palace (when he was the prince) and was very unhappy. . When he ascended the throne (became the emperor), he ordered that no one's house in the capital should exceed the regulations, and ordered Ma Lin to demolish the main room of his residence and the house of the eunuch Liu Zhongyi. Ma Lin's family was afraid. , he registered all the pavilions and buildings of his family and handed them over to the government. From then on, the emperor rewarded the officials with banquets, mostly in the mountains and ponds of Ma Lin's family. However, most of Ma Lin's descendants had bad conduct. The family fortune was soon dispersed.