4. Mr Wen Yiduo has many deeds. Try to add one or two examples to this article.
The purpose of the topic is to strengthen students' extracurricular Chinese activities and deepen their understanding of the text.
Teaching suggestion
First, this is a very pithy essay, full of emotion and accurate language. Students should be guided to read this article repeatedly, so as to understand the meaning of the text, be edified and appreciate the beauty and lyricism of the language. Teachers can use the model essay to read, or play audio and video recordings to stimulate students' feelings and arouse their enthusiasm in reading this article.
Secondly, this paper focuses on the method of selecting materials and cutting materials, the lyricism, description and discussion in narrative, and the transition and care for the context, which is worth learning by students. In particular, we should pay attention to guiding students to accumulate language from texts, cultivate a sense of language and improve their ability to understand and use language.
Thirdly, regarding Mr. Wen Yiduo's background information, we might as well guide students to consult it independently from the library or online, sort it out and communicate it in class to help students better master the text.
Fourth, some classical Chinese words in the text are not easy to understand. It is suggested that students should be guided to use reference books to solve problems independently, and teachers need not intervene.
related data
I. Introduction to the author
Poet Cang Kejia. 1905 was born in Zhucheng, Shandong. Influenced by his family since childhood, he liked classical poetry and folk songs, and witnessed the hardships of farmers, which aroused his deep sympathy and laid a preliminary foundation for his later poetry creation. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, he went to Wuhan and devoted himself to the torrent of the Great Revolution. After the failure of the Great Revolution, he was persecuted by the Kuomintang authorities and fled everywhere. 1929 returned to his hometown and entered the national Qingdao university cram school. 1932 began to publish new poems and became famous as an old horse. 1933 In September, the poet published his first book of poetry, Brand, at his own expense. With the widespread spread of poems such as "Old Horse", Cang Kejia is known as the "peasant poet" and is well known and loved by readers. 1934 After graduating from college, I went to teach in a middle school and published a long poem "A portrait of myself". After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the poet enthusiastically went to the front line of the Anti-Japanese War, engaged in progressive cultural work, and published poems such as Joining the Army and Singing in Huaihe River. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/942, he went to Chongqing, joined the All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles, and published Selected Poems in Ten Years and the long poem Flowers of Ancient Trees. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wen Xun, editor-in-chief of Shanghai, wrote many political satires that exposed and criticized the Kuomintang rule. 1948 fled to hong kong because of the persecution of the Kuomintang. From 65438 to March 0949, he returned to Peiping after liberation, and served as editor of People's Publishing House, secretary of the Secretariat of Writers Association and editor-in-chief of Poetry Magazine. Poems published after liberation include Spring Breeze Collection, Cheers Collection, Selected Poems of Cang Kejia and the long poem Li Dazhao. After the downfall of the Gang of Four, the poet wrote many works and served as a consultant for the reissued Poetry magazine.
Second, Cang Kejia and Wen Yiduo
1930 to 1934 During his study in Qingdao University, Cang Kejia was the high foot of Mr. Wen Yiduo, and he often went in and out of Wen Yiduo's office and home to ask teachers for advice. Wen Yiduo also appreciates Cang Kejia very much. 1932 After returning to Tsinghua to teach, he wrote to Cang Kejia and said, "It is enough to have a bosom friend. It is enough for you to be alone in Qingdao. " It can be seen that we know each other well. 1933, Cang Kejia prepared to publish his poetry anthology "Brand", but the bookstore was unwilling to publish his poetry anthology, because no one knew it at that time. Wen Yiduo contacted Wang Tongzhao and others, funded him to publish Brand, and wrote an introduction in a large magazine. In the 1940s, there were many letters between them, such as "He said in a letter to me" mentioned in the article. This is Wen Yiduo's reply after receiving a letter praising him from Cang Kejia on June 65438+September 1 1. The letter "1944 10 10 month 12" mentioned in this paper is an answer to Cang Kejia's inquiry about the teaching situation of the General Assembly. After the death of Mr. Wen Yiduo, Cang Kejia wrote "My husband Wen Yiduo" in August 1946 to express his condolences.
Third, Wen Yiduo introduced.
Wen Yiduo is a famous poet, scholar and patriotic and democratic fighter. 1899165438+1was born in Xishui county, Hubei province on October 24th. During the May 4th Movement, when I was studying in Tsinghua University, I participated in the student movement and attended the meeting of the National Federation of Students on behalf of my school. 1922 went to Chicago Academy of Fine Arts to study, and later studied literature. 1925 After returning to China in May, he worked as a professor in Qingdao University and Tsinghua University successively. The first book of poetry, Red Candle, was published in 1923, which sparkled with anti-imperialist and patriotic sparks. 1928 published the second book of poetry, Dead Water, which showed deep patriotic passion. After that, he devoted himself to the study of classical literature. 1937 at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, he taught at the National Southwest United University. During the eight-year anti-Japanese war, he grew a beard and vowed never to shave it off until the victory of the anti-Japanese war, expressing his determination to fight the war to the end. 1943, witnessed the corruption of Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary government, rose up and took an active part in the struggle against dictatorship and for democracy. 1945: member of the central Committee of the NLD, head of Yunnan province, president of Kunming Democracy Weekly. After the "December 1st" tragedy, he devoted himself to the patriotic and democratic movement more bravely and finally gave his precious life. The posthumous work was compiled by Zhu Ziqing into the four-volume Complete Works of Wen Yiduo.
Fourth, briefly describe the teaching of Speaking and Doing (Yu Yi) by Mr. Wen Yiduo.
Mr. Wen Yiduo is an outstanding figure among intellectuals since the May 4th Movement. In his youth, he was a crescent poet, in his middle age, he was an old classic scholar, and in his later years, he became a democratic fighter deeply loved by young people and full of lofty sentiments. He was furious with the pistol of the Kuomintang spy and sprinkled his passion on the front line of fighting for democracy and new China. Poet Cang Kejia 1980 wrote "Speaking and Doing by Mr. Wen Yiduo" (originally titled "Speaking and Doing by Mr. Wen Yiduo-Recording Mr. Wen Yiduo's Words and Actions"). Although this essay only describes Mr. Wen's words and deeds, we can still see the image of this poet, scholar and soldier from it.
When teaching this article, you can combine it with the last speech. Teach this article first, then teach the latter. The two complement each other and engrave the tall image of martyrs in the hearts of students. The teaching of this paper should achieve the following teaching purposes:
1. Let students know and learn from Mr. Wen Yiduo's academic spirit of assiduously studying treasures, and his noble sentiments of awe of righteousness, hatred of evil and heroic dedication to the security of the motherland.
2. Learn to describe the fragments of characters' words and deeds, and use the method of comparison to express the thoughts and spirits of characters from different angles.
3. Understand the poetry and passion of language, and experience the argumentative features in narrative.
Some difficult words need to be discussed, such as:
Poetry does not work: "work", meaning. Don't write poetry, not don't write poetry, but can't afford to write poetry.
The higher you climb, the harder it is to climb; The more you drill, the harder you drill, the more persistent you are: "The higher you lift, the stronger you drill" is quoted from The Analects of Confucius, which is Yan Yuan's praise for Confucius, meaning "The way to be a teacher, the higher you look, the higher you feel; The harder you study, the deeper you feel. " ",more. Perseverance, constant carving, metaphor perseverance, perseverance. Qiè, lettering; Shě, put it down
Methods of diagnosing diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Hope is to observe the patient's color, tongue coating, expression and development; Smell is listening and smelling, that is, listening to the patient's voice, coughing, wheezing and smelling the patient's smell; Asking is to ask the patient about the symptoms he feels, the diseases he has suffered before, etc. It is necessary to feel the pulse by hand or press the abdomen to check whether there is a lump. Usually these four methods are used together, which is called four diagnosis. Visiting is the first step.
Never look at the garden: peep, secretly look through a small hole or gap. Don't sneak a peek at the garden at home, just concentrate on it. "Don't peek at the garden" comes from Dong Zhongshu's biography in Han Dynasty, including "... I haven't peeked at the garden for three years, but I'm too good at it. I am stuck in Rong Zhi, and all my bachelors respect me. ".
Poverty years: Wu (wù) Wu, struggling hard. Poor, exhausted. Hard all the year round. From Han Yu's Xue Jie, there is a saying in the article "burn ointment and oil continuously, and support the poor."
Teng resentment: Teng, get up. Resentment is rising.
Ants are arranged in groups in the yamen: yamen (yá), yamen, and the old government office. In the old days, the official office was decorated with ceremonial ceremonies, and all officials in the office met the chief executive in turn, which was called Bai Ya. A large group of ants in a row means that many ants are in a row. The article refers to Mr. Wen Yiduo's serious writing style, and hundreds of thousands of words of manuscripts are written in small letters, like a group of ants.
Very different: jiǒng, far away. Far from it, completely different.
Contrary to the past: both, already. Past, past. It's completely different from the past.
Pneumatic bullfighting: or "pneumatic bullfighting". Dou, the Big Dipper; Cow, Altair. Bullfighting refers to the sky. Describe anger.
High standard: The end of any towering object can be called high standard. In Du Fu's poem "Climbing the Cien Temple Tower with Gentlemen", there is a saying that "the standard is high and the wind is endless", which means that the Cien Temple Tower is getting higher and higher. The high standard in this paper refers to Excellence and Excellence.
In order to help students read and understand, students can be organized to discuss the following questions:
1. From which two aspects does the article describe Mr. Wen Yiduo's "saying" and "doing"? Combining these two aspects, what kind of person is Mr Wen Yiduo? Based on this, the article can be divided into several parts. How are each part connected?
Let the students make it clear that the article discusses Mr. Wen Yiduo's words and deeds from two aspects: as a scholar and as a revolutionary. Taken together, Mr Wen Yiduo is a giant with high standards, an outstanding scholar and a brave revolutionary martyr.
The article is divided into two parts. The first part describes the characteristics of Mr. Wen Yiduo as a scholar "doing" and then "saying" and "doing" instead of "saying". The second part describes the characteristics of Mr Wen Yiduo as a revolutionary. There are seven, eight and ninety-three transitions between the first part and the second part. The seventh paragraph summarizes the above, and the eighth and ninth paragraphs start below. Transition with these highly generalized words has the advantages of close connection, clear context and natural transition. Mr. Wen Yiduo's situation as a scholar and a revolutionary was put forward side by side in extremely concise language, which impressed readers deeply.
Second, how did the author write the words "say" and "do" of "Mr. Wen Yiduo as a scholar and poet"? What are the advantages of writing like this? How does the article describe and discuss the contents of the pen? What words and expressions profoundly describe the purpose, attitude and spirit of Mr. Wen Yiduo's scholarship?
Through discussion, make it clear to the students that the article quotes Mr. Wen Yiduo's own words and begins to write, directly point to the topic and don't beat around the bush. The quotations placed in front of readers are carefully selected and concise. It has two characteristics: first, it highlights Mr. Wen Yiduo's attitude towards "saying" and "doing" in a comparative way; Second, the meaning is gradually deepening-"do it before you say it" and "do it without necessarily saying it". This method not only comes straight to the point, but also causes suspense: Mr. Wen Yiduo said so, but what did he do? Make readers can't wait to read the following.
After presenting Mr. Wen's language fragments, the article describes his facts about "behavior" around this point. The author intercepts the facts recorded in Mr. Wen's ancient books, and makes great efforts to describe them: first, describe his research interest in climbing high and drilling hard, then write his research purpose, then write his inexhaustible research spirit, and finally write his hard-working achievements. On the basis of describing the facts, the author thinks that Mr. Wen Yiduo said it only after saying it, and responded to the quotation. In order to make the argument more convincing, the author briefly describes two facts: (1) ten years of hard work to write the "revised version" of Chu Ci; It is also moving towards "classical new meaning". In order to prove that the facts are well-founded, it is pointed out that the author was deeply impressed by Mr. Wen Yiduo during the "National Qingdao University" in the 1930s.
In the first part of the article, in order to highlight Mr. Wen's tireless and day-to-day study spirit, some words and expressions are used very fastidiously. For example, when he wrote about the purpose of studying ancient classics, he used words such as "eat up", "digest up", "shoot from afar", "decline" and "cultural prescription" to accurately express Mr. Wen's persistent pursuit of research and medicine for saving the nation. Of course, today, it seems that there is no cultural prescription that can save the life of a declining nation. Only by adopting revolutionary violence to overthrow the dark rule of the three mountains can we save the nation from peril. But the author's narrative truly reflects Mr. Wen's ideological reality and the purpose of studying ancient books in the 1930s. The author describes Mr. Wen's rigorous scholarship, and vividly depicts the dense image of small letters with only one detail in his writing, which is due to the proper use of the metaphor of "a large group of ants queuing in my office" Another example is his tireless and sleepless spirit, which is both profound and vivid.
3. How does the article describe Mr. Wen Yiduo's "saying" and "doing" as a democracy fighter? How is it different from the first one? What effect can I get by writing like this?
Let the students understand that Mr. Wen Yiduo, as a fighter of democracy, is both "talking" and "doing", first "talking" and then "doing". Starting with his "talk" and the facts of his "talk", the article describes the content and purpose of his "talk"-opposing dictatorship and striving for democracy, from "whispering" to "shouting to the people of the whole country". Let's talk about his "actions" first-drafting political leaflets, cursing spies at mass meetings, walking in front of the demonstration team, holding his head high and his beard fluttering. Use his "saying" and "doing" to reveal his fearless spirit of fighting for democracy and opposing dictatorship.
The first part of writing is to quote Mr. Wen's words first, then remember his lines, and then discuss them. This part of the text is to insert Mr. Wen's words into the facts described by the author, and these words are written by Mr. Wen in his letter to the author, which is true and sincere. On the basis of remembering "words" and "deeds", the author uses syllogism to show the image of a democratic fighter and eulogize his fearless spirit of dedication to the cause of democracy.
The second part combines Mr. Wen Yiduo's "words" and "deeds", narrative and discussion, giving people a sense of indomitable spirit, and revealing Mr. Wen Yiduo's noble personality of pursuing democracy and opposing dictatorship at the expense of his life. At the end, the parallelism section depicts Mr. Wen's "talk" to bullfighting and his loud voice, and reproduces his unyielding voice and the image of holding his head high. There is deep affection in the discussion, and there are facts in the discussion, which directly hits the reader's heartstrings and makes people admire Mr. Wen's integrity and noble sentiment.
4. What are the language features of the article? What role does it play in expressing the theme of the article?
Through reading aloud and discussion, students can understand that although this article is mainly narrative prose, many of its languages contain poetry, concise words, neat sentences, sonorous tones and strong feelings, which give people a strong infection. Such as four sentences and sixteen characters, rich in content and smooth in momentum. The word "Li" profoundly shows the spirit of concentrating on studying and watering the flowers of academic research drop by drop, which is accurate and concise. Another example is "silent, unknown", two "nothing" and two "nothing". They look ordinary, but if you chew them carefully, they will have a unique flavor. Not "motionless", but "moving", "moving" in sleepless nights and "bleaching the walls" with lights. This "immobility" means silence and inaudible. Use "immobility" to highlight Mr. Wen's "doing" and his efforts and hard work. Another example is "He said" and "He said": "He did it", and "In the comparison part, feelings flooded over the sluice, pouring out great admiration and praise for Mr. Wen's heroism. Finally, "He is a giant with a big mouth. "He has a high standard of doing things" is an artistic summary of Mr. Wen's personality, with short sentence pattern, high tone, clear rhythm and profound meaning. "
Proper use of poetic language in prose can increase the concentration of the article, express the theme of praising Mr. Wen more vividly and deeply, and inspire, inspire and infect people with the feelings and passions contained in the article.
On the basis of students' understanding of the text language and mastering the essence of the article, in order to inspire students' thinking, one or two questions can be designed to guide them to explore deeply. For example, is there any contradiction between Mr. Wen Yiduo's "saying" and "doing" in two aspects? Why does the author describe it in this way? What's the intention? Let the students know that although Mr. Wen handles "saying" and "doing" differently in two aspects, they are not contradictory in essence. The unity of the two lies in the complete consistency of words and deeds, and "confirmed his words and deeds" with precious life. Consistency between words and deeds is a portrayal of Mr. Wen's personality. If you write in general, it is easy to get stuck in a rut and become a general statement. Now the author uses analytical methods to describe it, which is concrete and realistic. It not only depicts Mr. Wen's academic morality of forbidding empty talk and advocating hard work, but also depicts the image of a warrior who growls and holds his head high for the cause of democracy. The method of narrative analysis not only reveals Mr. Wen's spiritual world from different aspects, but also reveals his ideological course. Although this account is only a fragment of words and deeds, it is full of images and the spirit of hard work and courage is vividly on the paper.
This article can also be taught by students, who introduce Mr. Wen Yiduo's "speaking" and "doing", turn the author's written words into students' oral language, and cultivate students' thinking and oral expression ability. Ask questions and read aloud before introducing students to speak, guide students to sort out the context of the text, implement word knowledge, solve difficulties and get familiar with the content of the text. Ask, the teacher asks questions and the students ask questions at the same time; Reading is mainly based on students' recitation, and the teacher gives a simple demonstration of some words and paragraphs.
(1985) (selected from the Complete Works of Yu Yi, Volume 2, Shandong Education Press, 200 1).
V. Final Speech (Wen Yiduo)
These days, as we all know, the most despicable thing happened in Kunming! What crime did Mr. Li commit and was killed by this? He just writes with a pen and speaks with his mouth, but what he writes and says is nothing more than the words of a China person who has not lost his conscience! Everyone has a pen and a mouth, there is no reason to say it! Show me the facts! (Mr. Wen's voice is excited) Why do you want to fight and kill, but dare not fight and kill aboveboard, but secretly assassinate! (Applause) What is this? (Applause)
Are there any spies here today? You stand up! This is the hero's. Stand Up! You come out and talk! Why did you kill Mr. Li? (Harsh voice, warm applause) Killing people, but afraid to admit it, and slandering people, saying that the producer of * * * killed the producer of * * *, shameless! Shameless! (Applause warmly) This is the shame of a certain group and the glory of Mr. Li! Kunming assassinated Mr. Li, which is the glory left by Mr. Li to Kunming! It is also the glory of Kunming people! (Applause)
Last year, in order to oppose the civil war, young students in Kunming were massacred. People think that the younger generation gave their most precious lives! Now Mr. Li was assassinated by reactionaries for democracy and peace. We are proud to say that this is the older generation like me, our old comrades-in-arms, who gave their most precious lives! These two things happened in Kunming, which is the infinite glory of Kunming! (Applause)
After the news that the reactionaries assassinated Mr. Li came out, everyone was filled with indignation and hated it. I thought to myself, these shameless things, I don't know what they think, what their psychological state is, and how long their hearts are! (striking table) It's actually very simple. They are so crazy to create terror. They panicked themselves! I'm scared! So they create terror, in fact, they are in terror! Agents, think about it. How many days do you have? You're done! You're almost finished! Do you think that by hurting a few people and killing a few people, you can get away with it and scare the people? In fact, the broad masses of the people will not fight and kill! If so, there will be no one in the world.
You killed a Li Gongpu, and millions of people in Li Gongpu will stand up! You will lose millions of people! Do you think we are few and have no strength? I tell you, our strength is great, very strong! Look at these people who are here today. They are all our people and our strength! In addition, there are the general public! We have this confidence: the power of the people will prevail and the truth will always exist. There is no force against the people in history that has not been eliminated by the people! Didn't Hitler and Mussolini both fall before the people? Look at history, how many days can you stand! You're done! You're almost finished! Here comes our light. We see the light in front of us, and now it is the darkest time before dawn. We have the power to break the darkness and fight for the light! Our light is the end of reactionaries! (Applause)
Mr. Li's blood will not flow in vain! Mr. Li lost his life and we must pay for it. The "December 1st" four martyrs fell, and the blood of young soldiers was exchanged for the convening of the political consultative conference; Now that Mr. Li has fallen, his blood will be exchanged for the reopening of the CPPCC meeting! (Applause warmly) We have this confidence! (Applause)
"1 February1day" is the glory of Kunming and Yunnan people. Yunnan has a glorious history, as far as defending the country and defending the country, needless to say, as close as "December 1st", which belongs to the people of Yunnan. We should carry forward the glorious history of Yunnan! (Accepted by the audience)
The reactionaries sow dissension and are despicable. You see, the General Assembly is gone, and the students are on summer vacation. Do you think we have no strength? Agents. You are wrong! Look, more than 1000 young people present today shook hands again. We young people in Kunming will never let you go on like this!
Reactionaries, you can see one fall, and you can also see thousands of Qian Qian fall!
Justice can't be killed, because truth always exists! (Applause)
The task given to Kunming by history is to strive for democracy and peace, and we young people in Kunming must complete this task!
We are not afraid of death, we have the spirit of sacrifice! Just like Mr. Li, we always step out of the gate with our front feet and are not ready to step into the gate with our back feet! (Long and warm applause)