There are two main forms of Uliger. One is oral rap without music accompaniment, which is called "Abagan Wuligeer" or "Hu Rui Wuligeer"; The other is Uliger accompanied by musical instruments, among which Uliger accompanied by Chaoer (Ma Touqin) is called "Ren Chao Uliger"; Uliger accompanied by Hu Si is called "Uliger of Ren Hu". Uliger performs with an accompaniment instrument, usually with one person playing the Hu Qin. The tunes of human voices are colorful and elastic, with distinctive functional features, such as "war tune", "mate selection tune", "irony tune", "mountains and rivers tune", "rushing tune" and "court tune".
Wuligeer
Performance forms can be divided into three categories: ① introduction of prose style, similar to Han storytelling; (2) Rhyme mainly composed of singing; The combination of rap and singing is similar to that of Han people. These three forms have their own artistic characteristics. Mongolian storytelling is performed by one person, usually accompanied by alto and tribal tiger. Prose storytelling uses musical instruments to contrast the atmosphere and language rhythm, and the other two forms are used to accompany singing. Among them, singing is the main form, sometimes accompanied by Ma Touqin. Mongolian storytelling is famous for its vivid language and image. Under the premise of being faithful to the main plot and characters of the original work, artists often process and adapt it to a great extent. When depicting characters, personalities, psychological activities, war and other life scenes, a lot of vivid metaphors and comparisons are often used to render them. The intonation of the poem changes at any time according to the needs of the emotional atmosphere in the book, and the tunes are extremely rich; To put it bluntly, there is a certain tone and rhythm. Lyrics vary in length. Mongolian usually has three to five words as a sentence, four sentences in a section, and each sentence rhymes.
Wuligeer, which means "telling stories" in Mongolian, is a form of Mongolian folk art, which is mainly spread in Mongolian inhabited areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and northeastern provinces of China. Consistent with the living habits of Mongolian people on the grassland, this art has a romantic and open atmosphere. Its primitive form is similar to that of a bard in the Middle Ages. Artists carry Ma Touqin or Euchari on their backs, wandering in the grasslands with the wind, chasing yurts and aristocratic mansions, and playing the piano and singing by themselves. Wonderful rap and long legends have become one of the most popular art forms on the grassland.
In the former Guoerluosi Mongolian Autonomous County of our province, Wuligeer is a widely circulated form of entertainment, which is deeply loved by the local Mongolian people. In the process of its development, it gradually absorbed many artistic essences such as Mongolian epic rap, eulogy, Haolaibao, narrative folk songs, sacrificial music and Han folk art, and formed a folk art form with local characteristics.
Uliger is characterized by adaptability and flexibility. It doesn't need a stage, props, costumes, etc. And only use a piano to accompany it and rap with it. The musical instrument used by Uliger is called You Creary, and it is called "Hull" in Mongolian. Its sound quality is profound and full of grassland charm.
The stories told by Uliger are mostly legends and historical romances, which reflect the history of Mongolia, such as Gesar, Jiangger, The Surrender of Python Gus, The Romance of Qing Dynasty, etc. And there are a large number of Chinese bibliographies translated from ancient Mongolian. For example, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Romance of Gods.
The artist Uliger is called "Hulchin". Many old artists have rich language attainments, superb rap skills and vivid voices. The story they represent is full of ups and downs, and the melody rhythm is full of changes, which has a strong appeal. Because of different personal performance styles and different story contents, the artist's live performance will bring a variety of feelings to the audience-some words are poetic and beautiful; Others are profound, humorous and expressive, which directly attracts the audience. Experienced artists often improvise. As long as a topic is given, the storyteller can say it.
In Guo Qian, through the integration and development of local Uliger artists Chang Ming, Bao Qing, Bai Yin Zangbu and other artists, the influence of Uliger's art has been expanding and formed unique characteristics. First of all, he inherited the ancient tradition and created Ayong Gan Sandir. Second, innovation has created a new bibliography-Synonyms of Broken Arrow. At the same time, the 83-year-old artist Bai Yin Cangbu completed the long bibliography Tao Ke Hu Tao, which was published by Jilin People's Publishing House and Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House on 1990, which once again promoted the development of the original art of Guoerluos Wuligeer.
Uliger in Guo Qian has its own unique mode, structure and language. On the one hand, because the local area is inhabited by many nationalities, the production and life, customs and hobbies of Mongolian people have changed greatly, and most of them can talk in Chinese. In order to enhance the expressive force, artists used some lively and interesting Han dialects and sayings in rap, which not only did not form language barriers, but also produced more appropriate and vivid artistic effects. In singing, the first sentence of some lyrics is ontology, and the last sentence is the Chinese translation of Mongolian in ontology. For example, "Chagan Horimo Wan Li Great Wall" and "Chagan Horimo" mean the Great Wall in Mongolian, but this sentence is actually the Great Wall in Wan Li. Some rap stories are narrated directly in Chinese, such as "stealing the column", "Kunlun Mountain", "I'm not afraid of the height of the dragon, I'm afraid of the waist of the white tiger" and "I'm afraid of the smoke". This form of rap combining Mongolian and Chinese is the most common among local artists, and it is recognized and accepted by the masses, which embodies the unique pre-Galois Uliger art which is both original and suitable for both Mongolian and Chinese languages.
As the environment for survival and development has changed, Uliger is in danger, and gradually they can only be seen at the Aobao and Nadam conferences. In order to inherit this national culture, Guo Qian County has established a national cultural center, a national folk art club and a storytelling hall in recent years, organized artists to study, examine, issue certificates, organize performances, create new bibliographies, and tap the literary heritage, which has promoted the prosperity of Guo Qian Wuligeer and emerged a number of new "Huerhqin" groups. In 2002, it also hosted a national conference on the compilation of Mongolian Qin books, established a national Mongolian storytelling society, and held a special performance of Wuligeer at Chagan Lake Mongolian Folk Tourism Festival. In 2004, the Ulan Qi Mu Performance Team, with Uliger as its main performance content, was established as the Ulan Qi Mu Art Troupe, which further strengthened the promotion of Uliger.
Uliger has many tunes, and the melody and mode are fixed. Rappers can use it freely according to the needs of the story. Ulige can rap in yurts or squares or on the stage; You can sing alone or in groups.