Xingtai Guangzong Dune Platform
People who hold the first view think that there are many records about the death of Qin Shihuang in Historical Records, which can be found in Biography of Qin Shihuang, Biography of Li Si and Biography of Meng Tian. The cause of death is clear and beyond doubt. In 2 18 BC, Qin Shihuang was assassinated while touring the east, and an auxiliary car behind him was smashed to pieces by the assassin with a heavy hammer. Subsequently, the meteorite engraved with "the first emperor died and divided the land" and the "immortal" with the words "Zulong died this year" were discovered. Qin Shihuang was superstitious, which made him feel uneasy. In order to take refuge from disasters and find the elixir of life, Qin Shihuang listened to the fortune teller's advice and prepared for the fifth cruise. However, due to fatigue all the way, Qin Shihuang fell ill when he arrived in the plain of Tianjin (now near the Shandong Plain). Zhao Gao was ordered to write a suicide note to Fu Su, the eldest son of Qin Shihuang who was ordered to supervise the army Hetao: "I will be buried with Xianyang." Before the letter was sent, Qin Shihuang died in Dune Palace (now near Guangzong, Xingtai City, Hebei Province). Some scholars believe that Qin Shihuang was ill since childhood, so his constitution was weak. He is willful and has to decide everything by himself; Reading 120 Jin file every day is extremely hard work; The high temperature in July during the cruise, coupled with the above factors, prompted him to fall ill and die on the way. As for what disease he died of, some people think that he died of epilepsy. Seizures are generally divided into four periods: dizziness, stomach upset, sudden loss of consciousness, diaphragm spasm, blue complexion, dilated pupils, apnea, muscle twitching all over the body, foaming at the mouth, and waking up in the last few minutes. According to Records of the Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor, Guo Moruo said, "The king of Qin is a bee, with long eyes, a raptor is false, a jackal sounds, and a little kindness is Tigerheart ..." It is speculated that Qin Shihuang suffered from rickets when he was young and often suffered from bronchitis, so when he grew up, his chest was like a raptor and his voice sounded like a jackal. Later, due to heavy government affairs, Qin Shihuang had a seizure when crossing the Yellow River, and the back of his head hit the bronze ice guide, which aggravated the condition of meningitis and made people unconscious. When they arrived at the dunes the next day, Zhao Gao and Reese found that Qin Shihuang had been dead for a long time. Those who hold the second view read several history books about the death of Qin Shihuang carefully and found some suspicious things. The entourage of this trip mainly includes Zhao Gao, Reese, Hu Hai and Meng Yi. Meng Zhen was Meng Tian's younger brother and Fu Su's confidant, but Qin Shihuang was seriously ill on the way and Meng Zhen was sent back to the border. Judging from the sudden personnel changes, this seems to be the plan of Zhao Gao and others. Because Meng Tian led the troops with 300 thousand soldiers stationed in Shang Jun with Fuxi, Meng Yi was sent away from Qin Shihuang, removing Fuxi's eyes and ears; In addition, Zhao Gao was convicted by Meng Qian and sentenced to death. Later, due to the pardon of Qin Shihuang, Zhao Gaocai was restored to his official position. Zhao Gao hated Meng Zhi's guts and vowed to destroy the Montessori family. Zhao Gao sent Meng Zhi away when Qin Shihuang was seriously ill, which also cleared a stumbling block for the implementation of his later strategy. After the death of Qin Shihuang, Zhao Gao threatened Reese by persuading Hu Hai. After some intrigue, the three men issued letters by impersonating Qin Shihuang, and Hu Hai succeeded to the throne. At the same time, in the name of Qin Shihuang, Fu Su was accused of being unfilial to his son, and Meng Tian was unfaithful to the minister, telling them to commit suicide and not to disobey. After getting the exact news of Fu Su's suicide, Hu Hai, Zhao Gao and Reese ordered the motorcade to travel day and night and quickly return to Xianyang. In order to continue to deceive the subjects, the team did not dare to take shortcuts back to Xianyang, but assumed the posture of continuing to patrol and detoured back to Xianyang. Due to the high temperature in summer, Qin Shihuang's body has rotted and stinked. In order to hide people's eyes and ears, Hu Hai and his party bought many fish and put them in the car to confuse everyone. After arriving in Xianyang, Hu Hai succeeded Qin Ershi and Zhao Gao, and Reese remained the prime minister, but the imperial power actually fell to Zhao Gao. After Zhao Gao succeeded in his plot, he began to kill people around him. He set a trap and cornered Reese. When Reese discovered Zhao Gao's plot, he wrote to report Zhao Gao. Qin Ershi and Hu Hai not only sided with Zhao Gao, but also convicted Lisi, and finally beheaded Lisi in Xianyang. Zhao Gao was promoted to prime minister. Because he can go in and out of the palace, he is called "Prime Minister". Zhao Gao's ultimate goal is to be emperor, but he can't dominate the living Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang was seriously ill on his fifth patrol, which was a godsend for him. After the death of Qin Shihuang, he was able to falsely pass on the testamentary edict and implement his own strategy step by step. Whether Qin Shihuang died of illness or was killed is still inconclusive. If he was killed, how did Zhao Gao kill Qin Shihuang?
Unofficial history put it this way:
Once, a meteorite fell from the sky, and thousands of people privately carved a line on the meteorite: the first emperor died and divided the world. Qin Shihuang ordered to trace the engraver, but he couldn't find it. All the residents living near the meteorite were executed. Such cruelty naturally arouses people's hatred and curses. Curse him not only because he died early, but also because of where he died. There is a ballad that says, "Qin Shihuang will die in a sand dune." When this song reached Qin Shihuang's ears, it was naturally the boss's displeasure. Therefore, the first emperor gave a special order during the parade to see the sand dunes and make a detour. Finally, the first emperor was terminally ill, and a group of children were fighting in front, blocking his way. Qin Shihuang ordered his men to ask the children, saying, What are you playing? The children replied: We are playing with sand dunes! It turns out that these children are playing the game of piling sand dunes. Hearing this, the first emperor did not escape the curse of the people, so he kicked his legs and lamented. Sima Qian's "Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor" simply described the cloud in a few lines: "In July, the emperor collapsed on the sand dune terrace."
Not in Compendium of Materia Medica.
The legend that Xu Fu traveled across the ocean to find the elixir of life for Qin Shihuang has a long history. According to Japanese research, the elixir "Chitose" is produced in Zhudao, located in the inland sea of Seto. What is even more surprising is that it is being planted artificially today. There is a same story circulating in China and Japan, that is, the legend that Xu Fu traveled eastward for the first Qin Emperor's elixir. During my stay in Japan, I did some research because of my interest, including textual research and collecting papers related to Japan at the "Chuifu Landing" in Wakayama. Xu Fu, in China's ancient books, is a clever, bold and cautious liar, because he is a "alchemist" and probably an early chemist. After Qin Shihuang completed the great cause of unifying the whole country and building the Great Wall, he began to look forward to the magic of immortality. So Xu Fu came to the court of the king of Qin in 2 19 BC, claiming that the three fairy islands of Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou recorded in Shan Hai Jing were in the East China Sea, and he was willing to go there to get the elixir for the king of Qin. Chui fook didn't bring back the elixir on his first trip to the east. He told the first emperor that there was indeed a magic potion in the East, but the fairy wanted 3,000 virgins and various human gifts. At the same time, there was a whale in the way, and he wanted to shoot the big fish back with a strong bow and crossbow. Qin Shihuang completely agreed to help him cross the east again. So, Chuifu never came back, and he became king in the "land of Guangping Plain" in the East, and never came back to me again. According to textual research, Xu Fu is not a legendary figure, 1982, and his hometown is Xu Fu Village in the suburb of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province today. The legendary fairy island is not all illusory. There are no fairies, but there is an island. According to Japanese records, what Xu Fu said is the three islands of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan. Japanese written historical materials are ambiguous. When Xu Fu landed, Japan was still in a state of ignorance (about the Neolithic Age) and there was no reliable written record. However, according to some Japanese historians, Emperor Jimmu Xu Fu, the famous ancient Japanese monarch and the first emperor, landed in the Kansai Plain of Japan. The legend of "SHEN WOO's Expedition to the East" that swept through Japan was based on the story of Xu Fu's landing in Japan and fighting in the south and the north. Japanese people's thinking is unique, so when studying the problem of Xu Fu, their ideas are also full of personality. According to archaeological findings, they analyzed the remains of ancient tombs and proved that during Xu Fudong's crossing, the average height of Feng Jingen residents in Kansai suddenly increased by 5 cm. It is inferred that this is probably the local ethnic improvement caused by the landing of Xu Fu and his men. Another interesting phenomenon is that Japanese scientists found that Japanese 1% gene comes from Yunnan, China, and the pronunciation of Japanese training reading (dialect pronunciation) has many similarities with the pronunciation of Naxi nationality in Yunnan. What's going on here? From Xu Fudong, you may find the answer. According to China's historical records, it is impossible for Qin Shihuang to put together three thousand virgins demanded by Xu Fu. At this time, Qin Jun had just conquered Southwest Yi, so Qin Shihuang ordered these conquered tribes to provide the boys and girls they needed. Southwest Yi nationality is the common ancestor of all ethnic groups in modern Yunnan. Therefore, if these descendants of the Southwest Yi people are integrated into the Japanese race through Xu Fudong, they will bring 1% Yunnan gene to the Japanese. If Japan has really always been the legendary birthplace of fairy medicine, and Chui Fu is good at rhetoric and advocacy, it is more logical to win the trust of Qin Shihuang and obtain the necessary personnel and equipment. Otherwise, it may be easier to fool your head if you want Qin Shihuang to take out the blood by planting flowers. The question is, did ancient Japan really have an "elixir of life"? According to the article by Mr. Tsumura Tingfu, director of the Chui Fu Society of Japan, this magical elixir not only exists, but also comes from his hometown of Zhudao. Even more surprising, it still leaves a legacy today. Zhudao, located in Seto Inland Sea, is sparsely populated among Kyushu, Honshu and Shikoku. Since ancient times, there is a magical plant fruit in the hinterland of its deep valley. Commonly known as "coconut", it is called "chitose" in Japanese ancient books. As big as a walnut, the juice is thick and sweet. It is said that eating it can live for thousands of years, and smelling it can live for three years and three months. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, Japanese botanist Tomitaro Makino went there with great admiration. After hard work, he collected the specimen of "Chitose" and wrote to a friend with ecstasy: "This is my most precious discovery, and its value is beyond description." In Zhudao folk, there is also the habit of making walking sticks with branches of this plant, which is called Penglai stick. If the legend of "Chitose" was once introduced to Middle-earth, and Cuifu lived on the coast of the East China Sea, it should not be very strange to hear it. It is not impossible for such a legend to be attached and introduced into Qin Shihuang's ears through other channels, so Xu Fu will be very convincing at this time. Even people in Zhudao still believe that Cui Fu has been to their island, because there is a chessboard carved with stone on the rocks in the bay, which the locals say was left by Cui Fu. It seems that a hypothesis can be put forward here, that is, the elixir that Xu Fu sought for Qin Shihuang is probably the magical fruit produced by Zhudao-"Chitose". But what exactly is "Chitose"? Does it still exist? The conclusion is very encouraging. Chitose not only exists, but also is being planted artificially. This "chitose" is indeed a rare plant, and its scientific name is Actinidia chinensis Pianch. Rattan shrub. Take root and fruit as medicine. It has the effects of regulating middle energizer, regulating qi, promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, relieving fever and vexation, promoting blood circulation and relieving swelling. The flesh is green and the skin is soft and hairy. Nowadays, with artificially cultivated varieties, the fruit size has also increased several times. Eating regularly can strengthen the body and prolong life ... It also has a name in China-wild kiwifruit. Did Qin Shihuang go to great lengths to find it? ! In view of Qin Shihuang's hometown, Shaanxi Qinling area is one of the producing areas of wild kiwifruit. No wonder the emperor often used it as an appetizer ... No wonder Xu Fu found the "elixir of life" and was afraid to return to China.
Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem Sweeping Liuhe: "The King of Qin swept Liuhe and wanted to see it. Retreat the casting gold people, and Hangu Pass will open to the east ... "The phrase" Retreat the casting gold people "refers to Xianyang, where Qin Shihuang confiscated all the weapons after completing the great cause of reunification, and after being eliminated, twelve gold people were cast. In fact, these twelve "golden people" are not made of pure gold. At that time, the weapons were mainly copper, and the ancients called bronze gold, so these bronze men were called "golden men".
Why did Qin Shihuang cast a gold man? There are still different views. Some people think that at that time, Qin Shihuang had just completed the great cause of reunification, and the twelve giants appeared in Yidi costumes, which were considered auspicious and auspicious. Therefore, Qin Shihuang ordered the destruction of weapons in the world. Twelve golden men were cast into the image of giants in the omen and placed outside the court. Some people think that the world was settled at that time and people were unstable. Once the rebellion broke out, these scattered weapons would pose a great military threat to the Qin Dynasty. In order to consolidate the political power, Qin Shihuang adopted the means of selling weapons and casting people to achieve the goal of "weakening the people", which is the real reason. Jia Yi in the Western Han Dynasty clearly pointed out: "Twelve people who become gold are weaker than the world." "History of Five Elements" also records: "In the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang, there were adults who were five feet long and six feet long, all dressed. There are twelve people in Lintao. If God forbid, don't be too savage, you will suffer. At the beginning of the year, the emperor merged with the six countries, but he was happy to think that he was lucky and sold all the weapons in the world. He was a gold man. " Jin people are tall and burly, and a stone in the Qin Dynasty is equivalent to 37.5 kilograms today. Based on this calculation, twelve big bronze men weigh 450,000 kilograms. According to Guan Zhong's records, the golden statue is three feet high, and there is an inscription on the chest of Meng Tian's autograph Li Sishu. The seats of the Golden Man are all empty and connected by a rope. At the same time, the Twelve Jin people can change palaces and play music, which shows that their design and casting skills are quite superb. It's a pity that today we can't see the real copper-and-gold-casting people cast in those days. ? "San Fu": It was cast by Jin people, first placed in the middle palace, and then moved to Epang Palace. Historical Records of Qin Shihuang: Collection in the Palace. Emperor gaozu Liu bang entered Xianyang and moved to the Daxia Hall of Changle Palace. In the first year of the Western Han Dynasty (AD 8), Wang Mang ascended the throne, and Qin Jin five people suddenly appeared at night, which was an ominous sign, and craftsmen destroyed all the inscriptions. After the Han Dynasty, Xian Di made Chang 'an its capital, and Dong Zhuo was in charge. Due to the social and economic depression and financial constraints, ten were beaten into copper coins. The remaining two are at the Daqingmen. In the first year of Jingchu (AD 237), Cao Rui, Wei Mingdi, built Luoyang on a large scale, and collected things symbolizing kingship everywhere to enrich Luoyang, so he rowed the golden man all the way to the Qingming Gate in Luoyang. But because it was too heavy to move, and it was too tiring to move out of Chang 'an, I had to stay at Baqiao in the east of Chang 'an, which is now Xi 'an Baqiao. More than a hundred years later, during the Sixteen Countries Period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yecheng, the capital city, was established, which is now Zhangde, Hebei Province, so people from the Erjin Dynasty were sent to Yecheng. Yecheng is under the jurisdiction of Yan Qian. In the 6th year of Jian Yuan of the former Qin Dynasty (AD 370), Fu Jian destroyed Yan Qian and "moved Erjin people to Chang 'an for sale". Still casting copper coins. At this point, all the twelve Jin people in Qin Gong fell. The craft value of Qin Gong Golden Man is a must. In the Qin dynasty more than 2000 years ago, we were able to complete such a huge casting process, which showed that our ancestors really had extraordinary creativity and wisdom. It took more than 600 years from casting to destruction.