The first is the needle insertion technology, including one-handed needle insertion and two-handed needle insertion.
Needle insertion with both hands can be divided into needle cutting, needle clamping, needle lifting and needle loosening. Generally, the hand holding the needle is called? Thorn hand? What is the name of the hand that assists acupuncture? Bet? . Needle insertion methods include single-handed needle insertion, double-handed needle insertion and tube needle insertion.
There are several commonly used needle insertion methods in clinic: finger-cutting needle insertion method, also known as claw-cutting needle insertion method, cutting and pressing the thumb or forefinger end of the hand next to the acupoint position, holding the needle in the hand, and inserting the needle into the acupoint near the nail surface. This method is suitable for short needle insertion; Clip the needle into the hair or insert the needle with parallel fingers, that is, hold the sterile dry cotton ball with thumb and fingers, clamp the lower end of the needle body, fix the needle tip on the skin surface of the acupoint, twist the needle handle with the pricker, and insert the needle into the acupoint. This method is suitable for the insertion of long needles; Relax the needle insertion method. Spread the skin to be pricked to both sides with the thumb and second finger of the hand to make the skin tight. Insert the needle with the hand so that the needle penetrates between the thumb and second finger of the hand. This method is mainly used to insert needles into acupoints in loose skin; Lift-pinch-needle insertion method Lift the skin at the point to be pricked with the thumb and fingers of the hand, hold the needle in your hand and insert the needle from the upper end of the pinched skin. This method is mainly used for acupuncture points in shallow parts of skin and flesh, such as Tang Yin point.
Second, the depth and angle of acupuncture: first, the angle is the angle between the pointer body and the skin surface, which can be divided into straight needling, oblique needling and flat needling. A straight stab means that the pointer reaches 90% of the skin surface. Pierce. Suitable for most acupoints of human body; Oblique needling means that the needle body and the skin surface are 45? Pierce. It is suitable for acupoints with less skin peeling or important organs in them, or acupoints that are not suitable for direct deep needling; Also known as horizontal thorn and skin thorn. Flat needle is the needle body and leather surface is l5? Or at a smaller angle. It is suitable for acupoints with thin skin and little meat, such as scalp acupoints. Followed by the depth, according to the patient's age, physique, illness, and absolute acupuncture depth. Age: old age, weak body, decreased qi and blood, delicate children, naive yin and yang, all of which are not suitable for deep needling. Only a strong young man can stab deeply. Constitution: thin people should be shallow; Strong and strong, deep stab is appropriate. Condition: Yang syndrome and new symptoms should be shallow needling; Yin syndrome and chronic illness should be deeply pricked. Location: shallow needling is suitable for acupoints on the head and face, chest and abdomen and those with thin skin and less meat; It can deeply prick the acupoints of limbs, buttocks, abdomen and muscular fullness. In addition, different seasons have different requirements for acupuncture depth. The general principle is to be shallow in spring and summer and deep in autumn and winter. The angle and depth of acupuncture are interrelated. Generally speaking, deep thorns are mostly straight thorns, while shallow thorns are mostly oblique thorns and flat thorns.
Third, acupuncture techniques: divided into basic techniques and auxiliary techniques.
The first is the basic technology:
Lifting and inserting method: after the needle penetrates into the brittle point to a certain depth, the operation method of lifting up and inserting down is applied. The operation of inserting the needle from the shallow layer downward into the deep layer, and then withdrawing the needle from the deep layer upward to make the needle move vertically and repeatedly is the lifting and inserting method. The magnitude of lifting and inserting range, the change of levels, the speed of frequency and the length of operation time should be flexibly mastered according to the patient's physique, illness, acupoints and acupuncture purposes. During the operation, the finger force should be uniform, the amplitude should not be too large, generally divided into 3 ~ 5 times, the frequency should not be too fast, about 60 times per minute, the needle body should be kept vertical, and the acupuncture angle and direction should not be changed. It is generally believed that when the needle is inserted, the amount is large; On the contrary, the amplitude and frequency of insertion are small, and the amount of stimulation is small;
Twisting: a needle moving technique in which the needle is inserted into the acupoint to a certain depth and then twisted forward and backward, so that the needle rotates back and forth repeatedly in the acupoint. The size, frequency and time of twisting angle depend on the patient's physique, illness, the position of acupoints and the purpose of acupuncture. When operating, the finger strength should be even and the angle should be appropriate, generally controlled at 180? ~360? Left and right, you can't twist the needle in one direction, otherwise the needle body will be easily entangled by muscle fibers, causing local pain, causing needle stagnation and difficulty in getting out; The frequency should be consistent; Force should be even, and you can't neglect it. It is generally believed that the torsion angle is large, the frequency is fast and the force is heavy, so the stimulation amount is large; On the contrary, the amount of stimulation is small.
Followed by auxiliary technology:
Circulation method: circulation method refers to that the doctor gently follows the path of meridians with his fingers and presses them on the upper and lower parts of acupoints. This method can promote qi and blood circulation, stimulate menstrual qi, and has the effect of promoting qi and blood circulation. Elastic method: after acupuncture, move the needle tail with your fingers or shake the needle body with the handle during the needle retention process to enhance the needle feeling and help the qi to run. This method has the function of promoting qi circulation and qi circulation.
Scraping method: After the filiform needle penetrates to a certain depth, press the pulp of thumb or forefinger against the needle tail, and scrape the needle handle frequently with the nails of thumb, forefinger or middle finger. This method can stimulate menstrual qi when acupuncture is not qi deficiency, and strengthen the conduction and diffusion of acupuncture induction when qi deficiency occurs.
Shake method: after the filiform needle penetrates into a certain depth, hold the needle handle and gently shake the needle. There are two methods: one is to shake the needle upright to strengthen the induction of qi; The second is to lie on the needle and shake it, so that the menstrual flow can be conducted in a certain direction.
Flying method: If you can't breathe after needling, hold the needle handle with the pinprick's thumb and forefinger, carefully twist it several times, then open two fingers, rub it once and let it go, and repeat it several times, like a bird spreading its wings, so it is called flying method. The function of this method lies in activating qi and strengthening acupuncture induction. The operation should be carried out in a place rich in muscles.
Tremor method: after acupuncture reaches a certain depth, hold the needle handle and use a small amplitude and fast frequency twisting method to make the needle body tremble slightly. This method can promote qi acquisition under acupuncture and enhance acupuncture induction.
These are the core contents of filiform needle, and all kinds of techniques will be tested in the practical skills examination, so we not only need to understand theoretical knowledge, but also need to carry out practical operation and practice frequently.