2 "National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine": d?n m? Mother Dan 2. 1 Pinyin Name
2.2 Boldwood is also known as Utan, Mountain Bear Bile and Bear Bile Tree.
2.3 It comes from Nauclea officinalis Pierre ex Pitard, a plant belonging to the genus Ulceras of Rubiaceae, and is used as medicine with branches, stems and skins. It can be recovered all year round. Wash, slice, fresh or dry.
2.4 Sexual taste is bitter and cold.
2.5 Indications: clearing away heat and toxic materials, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Used for treating common cold and fever, acute tonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, enteritis, dysentery and cholecystitis; External use for treating mastitis, carbuncle and abscess.
2.6 the usage and dosage of gallnut is 0.5 ~ 1 2; Appropriate amount for external use, mashed fresh products for external use or decocted and washed the affected area.
2.7 Excerpted from the National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine
3 "Chinese Materia Medica": Mother Dan 3. 1 From "Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine Commonly Used by Guangdong Foreign Army".
3.2 Pinyin Name d m 4 n m u
3.3 The English name is Medical Fathead Tree, the wood and root of medical Fathead Tree.
3.4 Gallnut trees are also called bear gall tree, bear gall tree, ebony tree, yellow gall tree, yellow heart tree and phellodendron amurense.
3.5 Source: The basic source of medicinal materials is the branches and bark of Ginkgo biloba, a Rubiaceae plant.
Latin plant and animal mineral name: gall wood.
Harvest and storage: it can be harvested all year round. Wash, slice and dry.
3.6 Original arbor, 4 12m high. Branchlets are slender and smooth. Leaves opposite, paper; The petiole length is 10 15 mm; Stipules obovate, 6 10 mm long, rounded at the top, caducous; Leaf blade is ovoid, rarely obovate, 7 14cm long and 47cm wide, slightly blunt at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, with 8 pairs of lateral veins, connected near the edge and obvious at the two centers. Head end, solitary, spherical; Total pedicel length 13cm, with caducous bracts above the middle; Spend 5 numbers; Calyx tube fleshy: lower ovary. Nutlets are spherical, yellow-brown when mature, with a diameter of 9 15mm and a rough surface. The seed is oval, about 1mm long, with flat ventral surface, arched dorsal surface, shiny black seed coat and tiny pits. It blooms in August.
3.7 Habitat distribution Ecological environment: It is born in the mixed forest near the top of the mountain or in the damp zone with half-waist shade.
Distribution of resources: Guangdong and Guangxi.
3.8 Character identification is mostly divided into irregular flakes, blocks, yellowish or brownish yellow, and some have inclined surfaces, and the epidermis is brownish yellow, rough, loose and easy to separate. The skin in cross section is brown, and the wood is yellow or brown. Hard and slightly bitter. Huang Liang color, bitter taste is better.
Microscopic identification of wood sections: the whole tissue is composed of ducts, wood fibers and wood parenchyma cells, with dense and radial rays. Most of the ducts are scattered in a single shape, and a few are in groups of two or three, with a diameter of 40,220 μ m. The X-ray cells are 12 rows, rectangular, lignified and perforated. There are a few wood fibers in the outer layer, which are scattered in groups, with thin walls and micro-lignification; The inner layer has dense fibers, small wall thickness and strong wood. Wood parenchyma cells are the basic tissue of the outer layer, and there are also a few fiber groups in the inner layer, with lignified walls and pits. Tangential section: the cross section length of the conduit is different, and there are edge holes. The height of the ray is ten to dozens of layers of cells, rectangular or square. Wood parenchyma cells are rectangular and the wall thickness is as thick as that of young people. Wood fiber has high density and longitudinal elongation.
3.9 chemical constituents the stem of gallnut mainly contains alkaloids and alkaloid glycosides. Among them, the alkaloids are: Naucleferine, mauclefidine, nauclefline, 1 acetyl carboline, Naucleferine, naucleidinal. Alkaloid glycosides include knotweed, knotweed and vinblastine lactam. In addition, it also contains quinic acid and β sitosterol. It also contains vanillic acid.
3. Pharmacological Action of10 Ubiquitin and an alkaloid C20H 14N2O2 (pomegranate to be determined) isolated from the stem of gallnut tree have antibacterial effects, among which Ubiquitin has obvious inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus above 100μg/ml. Alkaloid C20H 14N2O2 has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
3. 1 1 Identification Physicochemical Identification (1) Take 5g of this product powder, add 50ml of 60% ethanol, reflux for 30min, and filter. Perform the following tests. ① Take 2ml of filtrate, add a small amount of zinc powder and concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the filtrate will be yellow-green after 5min. (Check flavonoids) ② Take 2ml of filtrate, add 2ml 1% aluminum trichloride ethanol, and the filtrate is golden yellow. ③ Take 65,438+00 ml of filtrate, alkalize it to ph9, extract it with proper amount of chloroform, filter, evaporate the chloroform, dissolve the residue with dilute hydrochloric acid, and add a few drops of bismuth potassium iodide test solution to produce a brown precipitate. (2) Take a proper amount of coarse powder of this product, extract it with ethanol, evaporate it to dryness, then treat it with 0.5% acetic acid, remove the insoluble part, evaporate it to dryness, dissolve the residue with methanol as the test solution, and take a small amount of cholesterol B, dissolve it with methanol as the reference substance. Dot on the same silica gel G piece, and use chloroform, methanol and ethyl acetate (4: 1: 0: 0.5) to develop 13cm. Color development with iodine vapor. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same yellow spots appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample.
3. 12 bitter; cold
3. 13 meridians enter the lung; Large intestine; Gallbladder; bladder meridian
3. The function of14 is mainly used for clearing away heat and toxic materials; Reduce swelling and relieve pain. Main cold and fever; Bronchitis; Pneumonia; Acute tonsillitis; Pharyngitis; Mastitis; Enteritis; Bacillary dysentery; Urinary tract infection; Cholecystitis; Lower extremity ulcer; Tinea pedis infection; Furuncle, swelling and abscess; Dermatitis eczema
3. 15 Boldwood Oral Administration Dosage: decocted, 1530g. External use: appropriate amount, freshly pounded; Or fried and washed.
3. Clinical application of 1 6 black-bone chicken1. Treatment of leptospirosis: Black-bone chicken was made into injection (containing 3g of black-bone chicken ethanol extract per ml), and injected/kloc-0 every 8 hours, 23ml each time, until 23 days after the temperature dropped. For those with bleeding tendency, add 2 doses of Callicarpa Callicarpa (dried product), decoct in water for 3 times, and take them separately. A total of 10 cases were observed. The body temperature began to drop within 456 hours, and the average time for the body temperature to return to normal was 4.3 days. Most of the main symptoms and signs disappeared within 17 days after medication. There were no obvious side effects during the treatment, only some of them had mild diarrhea, and some of them had high fever, chills and sweating after taking the medicine, which was similar to the treatment reaction of penicillin.
2. Treatment of various inflammations: intramuscular injection 1ml (equivalent to crude drug lg) every day, or other symptomatic treatment. Treating hundreds of cases of acute tonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, stye, periodontal abscess, chickenpox complicated infection, otitis media, burn infection, urinary system infection and postoperative infection, most of which take effect within 23 days. No other adverse reactions were found except local pain during injection.
3. 17 from Chinese materia medica
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Records of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment: [Volume 1] Typhoid fever (43 cases) hates gold most, the lung belongs to gold, and it is the main fur. When the wind evil comes, the lung receives the gold first, and the lung deceives the deficiency of the gall-tree, that is, the evil is at least yang, so the disease of the sun is often accompanied by shaoyang. ...
"Syndrome Differentiation Record": [Volume 4] Sleepless doors (five items), those with insufficient yang are wood, wood is similar to wind, and wind is the easiest to enter. The wind takes advantage of the weakness of Boldwood. If you stay there, you are afraid of the wind, and the more timid you are. The more timid you are. ...
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Medical Cases in Zhang Yuqing: [Volume 14] Fear.