Zhang was a minister in the Qing Dynasty who assisted different monarchs. His official career had its ups and downs, and he encountered different political situations at different times. In his later years, he could not enjoy his old age because he offended Qianlong, but he was lucky enough to enter the temple after his death.
Zhang, also known as Zhang, is from Tongcheng, Anhui. In 700, Zhong Jinshi became an official. During the Kangxi period, he entered the cabinet and became a bachelor and deputy director of the Ministry of Personnel.
After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, Zhang was greatly appreciated and reused, and began to show his talents on the political stage. He assisted the Hanlin Academy in article affairs, was promoted to Minister of Rites, and served as deputy editor of "Records of King Sejong". Later, Zhang gradually became the prince's teacher and rural examination examiner. Later, because his writing style suited the emperor's liking, he served as the editor-in-chief of "History of the Ming Dynasty".
Zhang was shrewd and sophisticated in his work, careful and thoughtful in his thinking, outstanding in writing, and talented. Therefore, he was favored and promoted by Yongzheng. Yongzheng negotiated with him and participated in the decision-making of national affairs, whether military or government affairs. Most of the country's ancient books at that time were written by him. In 1726, Zhang was promoted to bachelor, participated in military affairs, and began to improve military aircraft systems.
After Yongzheng's death, Zhang was ordered by the imperial edict to enter the ancestral hall after his death. In the early years of Qianlong's reign, Zhang took charge of the government as prime minister and minister. Later, when he was nearly sixty, he gradually became unwilling to do so. Knowing that the emperor intended to change him, he took the initiative to resign. Hou Zhang asked the emperor to retain his position in the palace, and he was allowed, but he did not enter the court in person to kowtow. He was accused and stripped of his title of count. After the student's death, he insisted on returning to China, which made the emperor furious and disqualified him from entering the temple.
How did Zhang die?
Zhang had a bumpy political path throughout his life, assisting different emperors and encountering different situations. In the early Yongzheng period, he was highly appreciated and reused. But in the later period, he repeatedly hit the wall because of offending Qianlong. He did not enjoy a peaceful old age, but he received the highest honors after his death. However, as a minister with such a huge gap in political treatment, how did Zhang die?
The picture comes from the Internet.
In 1749, Zhang was in his later years. In order to replace him, Qianlong gave him the privilege of not having to go to the court when the weather was bad. The nominal excuse was that he was over 60 years old. In fact, he went out of his way to find someone to replace him. Zhang was a shrewd and decent man, and took the initiative to resign and return to his hometown. After obtaining Qianlong's consent, he requested a final hearing.
Zhang went to court for the last time and submitted a memorial, asking the emperor to abide by the First Emperor's promise and ensure that he could enter the ancestral hall after his death. Although Gan was not satisfied, he agreed to his request. Unexpectedly, after receiving the promise, Zhang did not personally thank Lord Long En, but sent his son to knock him out. This made Zhang furious and scolded Zhang for not understanding the rules and laws. After Zhang heard this, he went to the court in person the next day to thank the emperor for his kindness.
When Long took a look, he knew that someone had leaked the news, so he grabbed the topic and insisted on tracking down this person. In this name, he accused Zhang of planting informants in the palace and developing private parties, so he removed his title.
When everyone stepped on it, the ministers expressed their opinions to the emperor one after another. Zhang was not qualified to enter the palace. However, due to the promise of the First Emperor, Qianlong did not remove his right to enter the palace, but exempted him from official duties and atone for his sins through work. In 1755, Zhang died of illness and he was no longer eligible to enter the temple. However, Qianlong changed his normal state and thought that he had a generation of old officials and let him enter the ancestral hall.
Zhang's historical evaluation
Zhang, the prime minister of the Qing Dynasty, was meticulous in his work and never stayed up all night to handle official duties. In the eighth year of Emperor Yongzheng's reign, in order to meet the needs of northwest operations, a military aircraft division was established, with Zhang in charge of affairs. The early responsibilities, structures and functions of the military department were formulated by Zhang. At this time, Zhang was in power and formulated military regulations. He was frequently summoned to the palace every day to comply with imperial edicts, handle many government affairs, and participate in discussions on state secrets. As a central agency, the military continued to exert influence in the middle and late Qing dynasty, and the military aircraft system formulated by Zhang pioneered the rates law and improved the efficiency of the Qing government.
Zhang also pioneered the memorial system. Since the Ming system was followed in the early Qing Dynasty, the procedures for officials to submit letters to the emperor were cumbersome and the level of confidentiality was low. Therefore, Zhang improved the memorial, institutionalized and kept it confidential, and reformed and improved the official documents, which were retained until the end of the Qing Dynasty.
Zhang