The Significance of the Imperial Examination System The last scholar in China's history would rather be a beggar than a traitor.

Liu Chunlin was the last scholar in Qing Dynasty and China since the imperial examination in Tang Dynasty. He was born in 1872 and died in 1942. He is from Beishibao Village, Suning County, Hebei Province. Thirty years after Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, he was the top scholar. After Liu Chunlin was admitted to the top scholar, his official position was not high. His last position was the director of the Education Department of Zhili Province and the director of the Autonomous Establishment Department of Zhili Province. 1928, Liu Chunlin retired from politics and lived in seclusion.

Learning and disaster relief

Liu Chunlin and his uncle lived in Beishibao Village, Suning County when they were children. Because of the difficulties in family life, their cousin Wang Tieshan only taught them to study. Therefore, Liu Chunlin is well aware of the learning difficulties of rural children. After Liu Chunlin was admitted as a scholar, he did not build a scholar's mansion in his hometown to honor his family. Instead, he built a primary school auditorium in the village. The school's houses, tables, chairs and teaching aids were all donated by Liu Chunlin. There is a plaque named "Casting Talent Furnace" at the school gate, and there is a stone tablet on it as a memorial. The stone tablet still exists today.

Liu Chunlin is very concerned about education in rural areas. When Suning County established the "Suning County Teachers' Workshop" and the "Senior Primary School Hall", the principal's disciple Wu specially asked him to write a column-holding couplet on the bright column in the main hall of the school: "Open a new academic world and change the ancient legacy. And asked Liu Chunlin to write the lyrics of this school song for the school. The lyrics are like this: "Land is an ancient heritage, Mao Zhanggong, Dong Chuanjing." Jing Ke's hometown, Wuyuan City. Chivalry of Confucianism, legacy of Zhao Yan. Students who come and go are always wet by rain and spring breeze. The spring breeze is warm, the rain is thick, and the peaches and plums in Gaomen are at that time. "

Liu Chunlin has lived in Beijing for many years. He and famous people from Hebei Province who lived in Beijing during the Republic of China founded a middle school in Beijing called Yanji Middle School for their children. The school is divided into two schools for boys and girls. The boys' school is in Guang 'anmen Street in the outer city, and the girls' school is in the library behind Xishiku in the inner city. Not only donated money and books, but also served as a director of Ji Middle School. Later, the school expanded day by day, recruiting not only students from Hebei, but also students from other provinces and cities. At that time, the girls' school became one of the famous private schools in Beijing.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/933, the Yellow River burst, and the Hebei-Shandong-Henan triangle was flooded, which caused serious disasters and displaced people. Duan, Gu Zhongxiu, Qi Zhenlin and other famous people in Hebei Province set up the "Hebei Immigrants Association", with Duan as the president and responsible for the main work of the association. The Association organized and led the relief work for refugees in disaster areas, moved the homeless to Nanhaizi, east of Baotou City 15, reclaimed wasteland and established "Hebei New Village". Immigrated twice, ***330 households 1 100 people. Except for the donations from sponsors, all the expenses are raised from various channels. Despite his advanced age, Liu Chunlin ran around and contacted Yu Xuezhong, then chairman of the Hebei provincial government. Yu Xuezhong explicitly ordered local governments at all levels to provide assistance. Through the efforts of Hebei immigrants, the Nanhaizi area in Baotou has developed rapidly, the population has been increasing, and the villages have gradually expanded into four or five "Hebei New Villages".

One word, help.

Around 192 1 year, the warlords separated, and the northern region fell into a scuffle between the warlords of Zhi, Wan and Feng, which developed into a direct war and a parallel war.

On one occasion, the chief of staff of a division directly led by Wu was misunderstood as dissatisfied with the war because of his different views on direct war.

I soon arrived at the apartment of Assorted Garden in Wu Zaidong. See Wu Hou, explain your purpose, tell Wu Shuo, please make it clear, don't shoot rashly, so as not to cause injustice and regret. Liu is the guarantor. Wu personally promised. Sure enough, the validity period was not implemented, saving a life.

Someone asked Wu: "Many people came to ask for love, but the king of Wu refused; Why did Liu Chunlin say that the prince immediately agreed? "Wu smiled and replied," Liu Dian's writing is simple, honest and frank, and meticulous. I'm sure he won't break his word. He is also a famous gentry in Zhili, and I have to listen to him. "Later, the matter was thoroughly investigated, and it was indeed misinformation. Chief of staff saved, deeply grateful to Liu Chunlin's kindness.

Later, when Wu saw him, he said to himself, "Brother Runqin, it's a good thing you said something, otherwise you would have been wronged. This is my recklessness and carelessness. I must remember this in the future. "

Friendship with Song Dynasty

When Song was the chairman of Hebei provincial government, in order to enable subordinates and senior officials of the provincial government to study classical literature, a workshop on Confucian classics was set up in Gulianchi Park, Baoding. There are lectures once or twice a week for officials to take turns listening to. He hired Fu Zengxiang, Chen and other old lecturers to write concise lectures on classics, poems, changes and four books and distribute them to students. From then on, Song respected it very much.

Song was specially invited to give lectures for him when he was the chairman of the Special Administration Council, the director of the Jicha appeasement office and the commander of the 29th Army. Every Wednesday, I will go to the Song family in Xicheng Hutong to give lectures. Every time he comes, Song will meet him personally, offer him a cup of tea in the living room and treat him with the courtesy of the teacher. If Song has something to do every Wednesday, he will send someone to inform him not to go, saying that it is "Song asks for leave".

At the same time, Song often went to the mansion, in the yard of Zhi Yibo in the factory, and talked with him about the rise and fall of emperors and their understanding of history. They are closely related. Their conversation was disclosed in the newspaper of that year, and there was often a report entitled "What I said to Song".

During their contact, Song He often went in and out of the ancient book bookstore and antique shop in Liulichang Cultural Street outside Heping Gate, and Liu introduced ancient books and antiques. For a book or an antique, if it seems to be written down, Song will recite it. After returning to his apartment, he would send an adjutant to buy this book or antique and send it home the next day, claiming that it was a gift from Chairman Song.

He also suggested to Song that a school should be established to educate and train young people. Song accepted his suggestion and funded the establishment of a middle school. The school set up a board of directors, Song served as honorary chairman and director, and Liu donated some books to set up the school library.

Worry about the country and the people and look forward to a good year.

After the founding of the Republic of China, the corrupt Qing Dynasty came to an end. I hope that the establishment of democracy in Liu Chunlin will make the country prosperous and strong, and I will no longer be bullied by foreign countries, so I decided to join politics. However, Yuan Shikai stole the country as the emperor, the dispute between Li and Duan, the separatist regime of warlords, the rebellion against the DPRK, and so on. , make Liu Chunlin worry about the rise and fall of the country. So he soon left politics and lived in seclusion at home. During his seclusion, he was still very concerned about the rise and fall of the country.

193 1 when Japanese imperialism invaded northeast China, it was Liu Chunlin's 60th birthday and his family wanted to celebrate his birthday. However, Liu Chunlin stopped his family from saying, "The country is not peaceful and the people are not happy. My birthday is n

In this case, his son Haiyun Liu must entertain and thank him, so he must invite a Peking Opera and Quyi troupe to hold a hall meeting at home. During the performance of Beijing Opera, Haiyun Liu imitated Lao Laizi's colorful clothes to comfort his relatives, and appeared in black powder. Four guests and friends cheered for it. In this happy situation, Liu Chunlin's concern for the country and people is still increasing. In his poems before his death, he recited the poem "Worrying about the country and forbearing to watch colorful plays is a good year to sow snow", and expressed his feelings with Du Fu's allusion of "Worrying about the country and looking forward to a good year". These two poems are also written in his poem Sixty Readings.