Nine poems about leaving the fortress
Author: Du Fu
(1)
Qi Qi went to her hometown and leisurely went to Jiaohe.
When the public has a successful career, he is destined to be in exile.
You are already rich in land, and you can’t afford more than one side.
Forsake the kindness of your parents, swallow your voice and act in disloyalty.
(2)
The day of departure is far away, so you will not be deceived by travelers.
The kindness of flesh and blood will not be broken, and there will be no time for a man to die.
The horse takes off its bridle and picks up the black hair in its hand.
I quickly descended Wanrenggang, leaned over and tried to touch the flag.
(3)
When you sharpen your knife and cry for water, the red edge of the water hurts your hand.
I want to relieve the heartache, but my mood has been confused for a long time.
The husband vowed to marry the country, so why should he be angry and sad?
Fame and fame are like a horse, and the bones of battle will soon decay.
(4)
Sending off disciples has both long and long lives, and it also has a body to garrison far away.
Life and death go forward, and the idle officials are angry and angry.
I met an acquaintance on the road, and attached a letter and six relatives.
It’s a pity that the two are determined, no longer the same hardships.
(5)
Ten thousand miles away, he led me to join the three armies.
There are different joys and sorrows in the army, and the commander-in-chief Ning will hear them all.
I saw Hu Qi across the river, and suddenly there were hundreds of groups.
I started out as a slave, but how long have I made achievements?
(6)
The bow should be drawn with strength, and the arrow should be used with length.
To shoot a man, shoot a horse first; to capture a thief, capture the king first.
There is a limit to killing people, and all countries have their own borders.
If you can control the invasion of the mausoleum, how can you kill more people?
(7)
It was raining and snowing, and the army marched into the mountains.
The path is dangerous, holding a cold stone, pointing to the ice.
Having gone to Han Dynasty, we are far away. When will we build the city again?
The expedition to the south in the clouds and twilight is beyond our reach.
(8)
The Shanyu invaded my base, and the wind and dust were dim for hundreds of miles.
When the sword moves four or five times, the enemy’s army runs for me.
His name was captured and the king returned, and he was tied around the neck and given the title of royal gate.
Sneaking into the ranks, one victory is of no consequence.
(9)
You have been in the army for more than ten years, how can you make unmeasured achievements?
Everyone wants to get it, but they are embarrassed to speak the same way.
There was a struggle in the Central Plains, between Di and Rong.
My husband is traveling all over the world, but I can say goodbye to my poverty.
Among these nine poems,
(1) satirizes the emperor's military expansion;
(2) describes the scene of a sudden attack by a horse;
(3) Hesitating between serving the country and claiming credit as a general;
(4) Telling the emotions and messages from the journey;
( 5) It is said that in the face of a great enemy, will we, humble people, have any meritorious deeds?
(6) It explains that peace is the first priority, and if there is peace, no war is the best; (7) It tells the painstaking efforts of expanding the border to the south;
(8) It is about a victory in a certain battle in which an enemy general was captured;
(9) It is about the attitude towards fame and fortune after winning the battle---soldiers who are not at war in the mainland often fight for honor, not to mention What about going outside the Great Wall? Instead of competing for glory and humiliating yourself like those common people, it is better to quit; when I enlisted to serve the country, I didn't think about glory and wealth, how can I care about it now?
What are these nine poems about? It is a picture of all living beings in the war, from the warlikeness of the emperor and old officials to the service to the country by the soldiers at the bottom, from the victory in annihilating the enemy invaders to the contempt for the rewards of meritorious service. It is only more or less personal experience. Historically, only by seeing and hearing bits and pieces can we vividly describe the kaleidoscope-like real scene.
Five poems after leaving the fortress
Author: Du Fu
(1)
When a man is born in the world, he becomes a prince when he is strong.
We have made great achievements in the war, how can we defend the old hill?
Recruitment to Jimen, the army cannot stay.
A thousand gold buys a riding whip, a hundred gold buys a knife head.
Luli sent me off, and my relatives supported me.
The white ones are among the top, and they are ashamed of being drunk.
The young man has a special gift, looking at Wu Gou with a smile.
(2)
Enter Dongmen Camp in the morning and go to Heyang Bridge in the evening.
The setting sun illuminated the banner, and Ma Mingfeng was in a bad mood.
There are thousands of scenes in Pingsha, and all the troops have their own tricks.
The bright moon hangs in the sky, making the night lonely.
Songs of mourning are heard, and a strong man is miserable but not arrogant.
If I ask who the general is, he is probably Huo Yao.
(3)
The ancients valued guarding the border, but today’s people value high honors.
How did you know that the heroic master came from Gen Changyun.
Liuhe is one family, and the barbarians are all alone.
Then the brave warriors were brave enough to hear what they heard.
Draw your sword to attack the wilderness, and harvest the horses every day.
I swear to open up the Xuanming North and hold on to it to serve my king.
(4)
The day after day of tributes continues, and the two countries are quiet and safe.
The heroes of Yuyang are beating drums and playing the sheng and yu.
The cloud sails turn to Liaohai, and the japonica rice comes to Soochow.
Yue Luo and Chu Lian shine on the platform.
The general's position is respected, and he is arrogant and dominates the capital.
If people on the side don’t dare to discuss it, those who discuss it will be dead ends.
(5)
I am a son of a good family, and I have learned from many schools.
Considering arrogance and worry, body and body are not enough.
Prancing on the horse for twenty years, I fear I will live up to my master’s kindness.
Sit down and see Youzhou riding, and drive away from Heluohun.
Returning at night, I found my hometown Dankong Village.
The notoriety was spared, and he was poor, old and had no children or grandchildren.
Among the previous five poems,
the first one is about a man who is determined to be in the military and is ready for battle;
the second one is about a vigorous and vigorous journey. , a tragic and heroic journey;
The third poem is about fighting to the death and asking for merit to repay the king;
The fourth poem is about the arrogant and domineering general after Bian Jingguoan, who dared to The protestors were brutally slaughtered;
The fifth poem is about the conscripts who could not bear the 20 consecutive years of military violence, so they quietly deserted and hid in the deserted hometown village. They never married and grew up lonely.
It can be seen from the content of the five poems of "Later Leaving the Fortress" that at this time, the imperial court's warlike expansion of border areas had exhausted the common people and soldiers. The phenomenon of desertion has become common and has been sympathized with and recognized by society and literati. According to historical records, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made a major contribution to peace and tranquility in Jingbian at the beginning of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, which completely changed the previous situation of neglected border defense. After necessary border defense battles, he reached peace agreements with many foreign ethnic groups and tribes. Since then, there has been no problem with border defense. The country is peaceful and the people are safe. However, as his thoughts of luxury and comfort continued to grow, the construction of border defense gradually lacked calmness and strategy. In the fifteen or six years from the 25th year of Kaiyuan to the 10th year of Tianbao, he continued to use troops to invade overseas and suffered many defeats. Many of Du Fu's poems are actual imitations of corvee labor and war during this period.