(Tang Bencao)
Different-name red beans (Wang Youcheng's collection), Yunnan beans (identification of adding fake drugs), red lacquer beans (modern practical Chinese medicine), acacia beans, chicken mother beads, Nandan Zhu Zhen, Bajiangshan coral (taking the main plants in China as examples, Leguminosae), Guanyin seeds, Guiyanzi seeds (Nanning pharmacology), Yuanyang beans (.
The source is the seed of acacia, a leguminous plant.
Morphology of Acacia
A winding vine. The stems are slender, slightly lignified, with sparse white bristles on the surface. Even pinnate compound leaves, alternate, 4 ~ 1 1 cm long; Leaf rachis covered with bristles, with a small tip at the apex; Leaflets 8 ~ 20 pairs, with short stalks; Leaflets are oblong to oblong obovate, 5-20mm long and 3-8mm wide, with blunt and tapering tips, a wide wedge-shaped base circle, a complete and smooth top, and bristles at the bottom; Leaves are easy to carve. Racemes axillary, inflorescence axis stout, fleshy, covered with bristles; Flowers are small, closely arranged, lavender, about 9 mm long and short stalks; Calyx yellow-green, bell-shaped, about 3 mm long, with 4 short teeth and outer hairs; The corolla is butterfly-shaped, the flag petal is wide and oval, with triangular claws at the base, and the wing petal and keel petal are narrow; Stamens 9, in bundles1; Ovary superior, broadly linear, hairy, short style, thin stigma. The pod is yellow-green, leathery, rectangular, flat or swollen, 2-4.5 cm long and 0.2-0/0.4 cm wide, with a curved beak at the top and white bristles on the surface. 1 ~ 6 seeds, oval in shape, with black umbilical base and bright upper part. The flowering period is from March to May. The fruiting period is May-June.
It grows in hilly areas or shrubs in mountains and roadsides, and is often cultivated at the edge of villages. Distributed in Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan.
The roots (acacia roots) and stems and leaves (acacia vines) of this plant are also used as medicine, and each of them has a detailed article.
Collect mature pods in summer and autumn and dry them. Beat out the seeds, remove impurities, and then dry them.
The dried seeds of medicinal materials are oval, and a few are nearly spherical, with a long diameter of 5 ~ 7 mm and a short diameter of 4 ~ 5 mm, and the surface is red. The hilum is white oval, located at one end of the ventral surface, and the periphery is dark, accounting for about 1/4 ~ 1/3 of the surface of the seed coat. The seed ridge is located at one end of the hilum, and the straight line is slightly convex. The seed coat is hard and not easily broken. There are two leaflets and radicles in it, all of which are light yellow. It smells like grass and tastes very astringent. It is best to have a big head, a red head, a black background, bright colors, round lines and fullness.
Location: Guangdong, Guangxi; In addition, it is also produced in Fujian and Yunnan.
The chemical constituents of seeds contain Acacia, Acacia, Erythrine, methyl cation of N, N- dimethyl tryptophan, Acacia, choline and fenugreek, and also contain Acacia, squalene, β-geraniol, chrysophanol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, 5β- cholic acid, acacia acid and flavonoids. Seed ash contains iron, lead, calcium, silicon, magnesium, sulfate and phosphate. The seed coat contains 0.6 ~ 0.8% gallic acid and gum Arabic.
Pharmacological action: The effect of acacia venom protein is similar to ricin. These phytotoxic proteins are cytotoxic, and the symptoms of poisoning are similar: body temperature rises first and then falls, protein excretion occurs, and sometimes convulsions occur; Autopsy after death showed erythrocyte agglutination and hemolysis, tissue cell destruction, serosa punctate bleeding, lymph node enlargement, spleen enlargement and dark color. This toxic protein is very toxic to horses, and it will be poisoned if it is taken orally above 1.5g, but if the dose is gradually increased from a small dose, immunity can be obtained. It has little toxicity to dogs, geese and calves. The seed shell is very hard, so people will not be poisoned if they swallow it whole. If they chew and swallow, half a seed may be poisoned. The sterol contained in the seed has contraceptive effect on mice and rats, and the protein contained in it has oxytocin-like effect, and its effect on the uterus of pregnant guinea pigs is 0.02 ~ 3.0 mg, which is equivalent to 0.003 international unit of oxytocin. The alcohol extract of 0.003 seed (especially seed coat) can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, paratyphoid A and B, Shigella dysenteriae and some pathogenic dermatophytes in vitro. Paper chromatography showed that gallic acid and some phenols had low toxicity. The water-soluble protein part of seeds has anti-tumor effect in vivo (Yoshida sarcoma in rats and fibrosarcoma in mice) and in vitro.
Sexual taste is hard, flat and toxic.
(1) Notes on Materia Medica: "Xin, it's a little poisonous."
(2) Outline: "Bitter, flat and less toxic."
(3) Lu Chuan's Materia Medica: "Xin Gan, a little poisonous."
Indications: (1) Notes to Materia Medica: "Clearing nine orifices and treating heart qi. Stop fever, stuffy headache and wind phlegm. Kill all insects hidden in the abdomen and skin. "
② Modern Practical Chinese Medicine: "Treating skin scabies, stubborn tinea, etc.". It is an infusion or paste. "
Usage and dosage should not be taken orally to prevent poisoning. External use: mash and smear the affected area.
Prescription for treating cold and fever: fourteen acacia seeds. Wet clothes, take vomit. (Qian Jinfang)
Remind you: this Chinese herbal medicine of Sophora japonica is from the Internet, please follow the doctor's advice before using it.