It has played a great role in this process. In the second year of Jin Zhangzong Ming Chang (1 19 1), he wrote the word "Qi Danba". * * * was used for two or three hundred years from its creation to its abolition. With the establishment of the Western Liao Dynasty (165438) by Heiqidan (also known as Black Qidan), only a few painted Qidan characters written by Wang Yi in the Song Dynasty and Shu Hui written by Tao in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty belonged to Altaic language family, which was very similar to Mongolian.
Qidan Chinese characters were created in 920 AD, ordered by Lu Ye Abaoji, the ancestor of Liao Dynasty, and created by Lu Ye Tu Youyou and Lu Ye Lu Bu Gu with reference to Chinese characters. There should be more than 3000 words.
After the promulgation of the Khitan language, it was immediately used in Liao country. Because all the Han people in Qidan use Chinese, the Qidan language will only be used by the Qidan people. However, most of the upper rulers in Qidan are familiar with and respect Chinese, and the use of Qidan language is restricted.
The fine print of Khitan is inspired by Uighur characters and evolved from the big print of Lu Ye Diera. Small print is pinyin, which is simpler than big print. The Khitan fine print is "few in number, but coherent", that is, although the original characters are few, they can completely penetrate the Khitan language. Khitan fine print has about 500 pronunciation symbols.
Although the Liao Dynasty perished, the Khitan script was still used by Jurchen and helped to create Jurchen script. Until the second year of Jin Zhangzong Ming Chang (1 19 1), the Khitan script was used for more than 300 years. It was rediscovered in the 1920s, when the Liao Dynasty strictly restricted the "export" of Qidan culture. Apart from several Khitan characters included in Yanbei Lu and Shu, there is not a word left. Judging from the unearthed memorial books and inscriptions of Qidan characters, the big characters are ideographic square characters, and some of them are directly borrowed from Chinese characters. Small characters are pinyin characters. More than 300 original characters are created by strokes of Chinese characters, and then combined to form characters. The original characters are divided into block letters, cursive scripts and seal scripts. The style of writing is filing, not folding. The style of writing is vertical up and down, with line breaks from right to left, raised or blank words. The original word has a written form, which represents several pronunciations or the situation that a pronunciation uses several written forms. Therefore, the same word or morpheme can have different spelling forms in the text, and even a complete sentence has not been explained so far, which is a famous problem in the history of China characters.
big character
Qidan characters were created in the five-year history of Liao Taizu, and were created on September 14th, 920 (65438+1October 28th). The writing style of Chinese characters is similar to that of Chinese characters, and each character represents a syllable. Some big characters are directly borrowed from Chinese characters, such as: one, two, three, five, ten, hundred, emperor and hundred.
Small character
After learning Uyghur, Lu Ye Abaoji's younger brother, Lu Ye Dila, created fine print with reference to the principles of Uyghur, which is known as "the numbers should be consistent". [1] The writing method of small characters is different from that of Chinese characters. Its basic unit is a character, and each character consists of one to seven original characters. Words are from top to bottom and from right to left.
In Liao Dynasty, the two writing systems were parallel, but small characters and Chinese characters were used in official letters, and large characters were only used as writing characters.