Sichuan Army was a warlord army in Sichuan during the Republic of China. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government compiled and trained the Sichuan New Army, which became one of the sources of the Sichuan Army. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty, and warlords appeared in Sichuan. During the Republic of China, warlords in Sichuan fought for a long time. From the Revolution of 1911 to the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), Sichuan warlords fought more than 470 times.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Sichuan soldiers became even more angry and volunteered to kill the enemy. On the second day after the Lugouqiao Incident, 4 1 Sun Zhen, commander of Sichuan Army, issued a statement in Chongqing, willing to lead his troops out of Sichuan to participate in the war against Japan.
On July 1937 and 16, 23 students, including Chen Zhigong of Chengdu Branch of the Central Military Academy of the Kuomintang, joined hands to participate in the war voluntarily. "Students as soldiers, died for the country, want to volunteer, but there is no way. Today, with the greatest determination, they would rather die tragically for the war of resistance to regain lost ground than live happily for the soldiers who led the troops to promotion. "
1In August, 937, the National Government officially ordered the Sichuan Army to leave Sichuan to participate in the Anti-Japanese War.
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The Sichuan army marched eastward and fought bloody battles.
From September 1937, the Sichuan army was ordered to go to the anti-Japanese front in three ways.
The first route is led by Deng Xihou, commander-in-chief of the 22nd Army (under the jurisdiction of 4 1 Army, commander Sun Zhen; 45 th Army, commander Chen Shunong; Li Jiayu, commander of the 47th Army, set out from Chengdu, went to Baoji via Sichuan-Shaanxi Highway, then went eastward along Longhai Road, crossed Tongguan and the Yellow River, and entered Shanxi to resist Japan.
The second route is led by Liu Xiang, commander-in-chief of the 23 rd Army (under the jurisdiction of 2 1 Army, commander Tang Shizun; 23 army, commander Pan Wenhua; Wang Zuxu, commander of the 44th Army, set out from Chaotianmen Wharf in Chongqing, took a boat down the Yangtze River, and transferred to Xuchang and Zhengzhou via Wuhan to participate in the Nanjing Defence War.
On the third road, 20 armies led by General Yang Sen of Sichuan Army set out from Guizhou and arrived in Shanghai to participate in the Battle of Songhu.
Sichuan Army *** 14 reorganization division, more than 200,000 people participated in the war. In addition, in the spring of 1938, with the support of Gu, the general of Sichuan Army set up the 88th Army in Chongqing and went to the third war zone as the general reserve. Then there is the Independent 35th Brigade, which was originally a reinforced brigade of the Yangsen Department of the 20th Army of Sichuan Army. Later, it was directly under the Military and Political Department of the National Government and was ordered to go to the front.
In Sichuan 60 years ago, the traffic was extremely backward. "It is difficult to get through the Shu Road, and it is difficult to go to the sky." The Sichuan army went to the front with many difficulties. At that time, although there were the Yangtze River Passage and the Sichuan-Shaanxi Highway, there were very few vehicles and ships, and the Sichuan Army walked thousands of miles.
The equipment of Sichuan Army is very simple. Each soldier only has 2 pieces of coarse cloth, 1 double leggings, 1 single quilt, 1 single seat, 2 pairs of sandals, 1 hat. 80% of the rifles used are made in Sichuan, and the quality is poor. Each soldier is equipped with thirty or fifty bullets, two grenades and a broadsword, and a regiment has only a few machine guns. Although weapons and equipment are poor,
However, the Sichuan army fought bravely in various battles, not afraid of sacrifice, especially the soldiers, full of national indignation, went to the front to serve the motherland. When the 26th Division of the 20th Army of Sichuan Army participated in the Battle of Songhu, there was no natural barrier defense on a plain. The Sichuan army came from afar and took the lead. It is almost impossible to build decent fortifications and rely on flesh and blood to resist the enemy's attack.
The Japanese army dispatched planes, tanks, artillery and warships. Artillery fire comes from the ground, air and sea. The officers and men of Sichuan Army who are guarding their positions are often destroyed by enemy artillery fire.
Soldiers of 4 1 Army and 45 Army, wearing light clothes and barefoot, walked more than 2,000 miles from Chengdu to the battlefield in Shanxi. 1 1 in the north of Shanxi, it was freezing and the wind was biting. The soldiers were cold all over, armed with an old-fashioned Sichuan rifle and a Grenade at their waist, and fought to the death with the well-equipped Japanese army. The situation is very tragic.
1In March, 938, in the Battle of Taierzhuang, 4 1 Army commander Wang was ordered to lead his troops to defend tengxian and stop the enemy. The Japanese aggressors adopted the tactics of joint operations of air force, artillery, tank units and infantry, and took turns to attack. The Sichuan army tried its best to hold its ground, and all three thousand soldiers, including Wang, died heroically.
Because the Sichuan Army stayed in tengxian for three days and nights, it finally defeated the Japanese invaders' attempt to reinforce Taierzhuang, and the friendly forces successfully completed the siege of Taierzhuang. In the Battle of Taierzhuang, the Sichuan Army fought bloody battles with friendly forces, * * * annihilated more than 0/0000 Japanese troops, destroyed more than 30 tanks, seized more than 0/0000 rifles and hundreds of machine guns. The battle of Taierzhuang once again broke the myth that the Japanese army was invincible after the Pingxingguan War.
Baidu encyclopedia-Sichuan army
People's Network-Sichuan Army's Sacrifice and Contribution in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression