Yan Shu (99 1 ~ 1055)
Politicians and writers in the Northern Song Dynasty. This word is the same as uncle. Linchuan was born in Fuzhou (now Jiangxi). At the age of seven, he was asked to try a child prodigy, and Zhenzong asked him to take more than 1000 scholars to try the imperial court. His arrogance helped him succeed. Take the same origin as Jinshi. From the secretary of the provincial orthography official to the patent of knowledge, and then to the assistant minister of the Ministry of rites. Later, I learned that Xuanzhou was changed to Tianfu. He also served as the minister of rites, punishments and industry, and was the Tang envoy with Pingzhang. He died at home, and Renzong personally paid homage. Sacrifice yuan. Legend in the History of Song Dynasty: "Since the Five Dynasties, all the learning in the world has been abolished, and those who learn well will become officials." He pretends to be a sage. Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Daofu Kong and Fu Bi were all recommended by him.
Yan Shu is a senior scholar in the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty. The History of the Song Dynasty said that he was "rich in articles and inexhaustible. You Gong Shi, elegant and affectionate. " Yan Shu's poems, like the styles of most literati in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, inherited the traditions of the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. His "helping beauty" contains profound contents, so it is not superficial and superficial, so it was valued at that time. Today he wrote more than 65,438+030 poems. His poetic style not only absorbed the poetic style of Wen and Zhuang, but also was deeply influenced by the Southern Tang Dynasty. He has been an important figure all his life, so he should be good at writing beautiful scenery, happy and interesting, but his works are not just that, but pregnant with a deep sense of sadness. For example, his famous phrase, "Flowers bloom helplessly, but it seems as if the swallows have returned from deja vu", this scene of redemption without human will, even if it is only a temporary nameless sadness, also contains the eternal helplessness of human beings since ancient times, and thus feels the universal and permanent inescapable fate of human beings. This subjective sadness leads to the operation of the objective world, so this is the case. "There are mountains and rivers everywhere, and falling flowers and storms are more harmful to spring." This leads to the conclusion that "cherish the present": "It is better to pity the present." ([Huanxisha]) Comparing the Chinese and Wei's kind words in Huajian, we can see that "shine on you is better than blue".
There are no long-term and slow-term words in Zhuyu Ci, all of which are short-ordered. It can also be seen that: on the one hand, slow words were not popular at that time, and Yan Shu adhered to the rules of flowers; At the same time, it can be seen that most of Yan Shu's words were improvised at banquets or birthday banquets without careful scrutiny. Second, there is no harmony between friends in Yan Ci collection, and none of them is a "two-tone rhyme". This shows that Yan Shu's lyrics are purely for expressing her temperament, not for entertainment (writing songs for a singer is not an ordinary so-called "entertainment"). Because he is not a perfunctory friend, he has a true temperament. Unlike the Southern Song Dynasty, which used Ci as a stepping stone or a stepping stone to make friends, Ci was not a stepping stone, so there were good works.
Yan Shu's poems don't have the kind of travel and troubles written by Liu Yong and Zhang Xian. This is because he is rich in life and naturally has no worries, but he is not completely free from worries. However, his sadness is the * * * sadness of "helplessness" in life, not the personal sadness about something, but also because he has been a senior official at all levels all his life and has children's affection.
Du Donglue said that he had 240 volumes of collected works, 94 volumes of Zhongxing Bibliography and 30 volumes of Linchuan Collection of Literature General Examination, none of which was handed down from generation to generation. The only biography is the three-volume version of Zhu Yu's Ci. Chicken Bone Pavilion is the first collection of sixty nouns in Song Dynasty, with the word 13 1.
Yan Dao Ji
Poets in Northern Song Dynasty. Uncle Yuan was born in Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Jiangxi). The year of birth and death is unknown. Song people's notes say that he is Yan Shu's Twilight. He has been your son since he was a child, and he is also the son of a noble family. He was a great writer at that time. As a direct descendant of flowers, his writing is better than his father's. Probably once wrote, sung by the scribes of the capital of song dynasty, such as "partridge sky", "dream soul is used to unrestrained inspection, and has passed Xie Qiao", and even Taoist Cheng Yi "appreciates" (Volume 19 of Shao Shi Hou Wenlu), and recognition is a good sentence. Most of his works are Xiao Ling, which is one of Huajian's characteristics. He is also a special figure among contemporary poets. Huang Tingjian vividly portrayed him in the preface to Poems of the Mountain, saying that he was "curious about his power and neglected his scruples. Article in calligraphy, self-reliance, often elegant, regardless of the world. ..... so next is Lu Chen. I have devoted myself to the six arts all my life, and I have never sold them in the world. " He also said that his words were "clear and powerful, and could shake people's hearts". Others only know that his writing has a fatherly style, but they can't really understand him. Huang Tingjian's most brilliant passage is to describe his poetic quality and summarize his character with "infatuation". Huang Tingjian said: "Uncle Yuan, his English is solid, and others don't understand it ... It's stupid to be an official and not at the door of a noble person. The thesis is self-contained, and it is a delusion to refuse to write new Jinshi language. I spent millions, my family was hungry and cold, and my face looked like a boy. This is another illusion. Another illusion, people don't hate losing everything. They trust others and don't doubt that they bully themselves. " Moreover, he summed up his character with a word "delusion": "His delusion also killed himself." Strict writing attitude is serious. He called his works "compensation for death", that is, "compensation for Yuefu's death". In other words, although it has been 100 years since the establishment of the Song Dynasty, it has not produced a decent "Yuefu". As for Yuefu, which has been handed down from ancient times, it has long been lost, so he wants to fill this gap with his works. Speaking of the content of Yuefu, of course, it is the love for children, which is what he calls "the sense of things", which is not easy at any time. Stealing the meaning in the article is not left over from the past, nor is it handed down today. Therefore, this system is named "Buyi". Frankly speaking, because he was dissatisfied with the "lyrics" at that time, it was not enough to analyze and solve problems, so he continued to "talk about the sages of the South" and wrote "what he wanted" among his friends at that time. It can also be seen from his preface that he is very conceited and confident about these works. Even now, compared with other ci collections at that time, Xiaoshan Ci really makes readers feel outstanding. Its style is as beautiful as a pearl on a jade plate, but it is clear and smooth, which makes no one in the Song Dynasty succeed. All Song critics admire him for the merits of his works. Wang Zhuo said that he was like "the son of King Xie of Jinling, charming and dripping, unable to learn." Chen Yue said, "Among all the scenery, his words can only be pursued among flowers, but can be accessed from high places." Jin Mao in the Ming Dynasty agreed with this view: "The collection of famous sentences is half deleted, and the collection of Dushan is almost equal to the collection of flowers, and the words are graceful as gifts." ..... Yanshi's father and son are really comparable to Li's father and son (Li□, Li Yu) ". Zhou Ji in the Qing Dynasty said: "Yan and his son are gentle, courteous and frugal, and their energy is superior. Feng Xu said, "Huaihai and the mountains were really sad in ancient times. Its shallow language is full of flavor and its shallow language is good. It's really rare to invite two Song Ci poets. I really want to fix Li and Yan. Kuang Zhouyi said: "Mountain Ci came from Zhu Yu with different achievements and different faces. "Xia Jingguan's comments on his ci combined with his life experience are even more profound:" Yan and his son are the two masters of the Southern Tang Dynasty, but they are only enemies of the strong and weak, especially affectionate. Uncle used to be a noble child and has been expanding his life. He has a beautiful house and hills, and he has personal experience. He shows compassion for others, and his achievements are too fatherly. "
Poetry on the Mountain is better than the original because it is better than previous poems. For example, [Linjiang Xian]: "Falling flowers are independent, Swift Qi Fei", which was a poem written by Weng in my heart during the Five Dynasties. Or use the artistic conception of predecessors' poems to transform it. For example, Du Fu's poem "Holding a candle at night is more like a dream" is changed to "Partridge Sky": "I still fear that meeting tonight is a dream." Others use the poems of Du Mu, Li Shangyin, Wen, and Zhuang, which can make them perfect and create a new realm. In particular, his characteristic is that his writing is clear and beautiful.