Sima Xiangru (a writer in the Western Han Dynasty)
Sima Xiangru (about BC 179-BC1kloc-0/8) was born in Chengdu, Shu County. His ancestral home was Zuo Fengyi and xia yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi Province), and he once lived in Pengzhou (now Peng 'an, Sichuan Province). He was an outstanding representative of China's culture, history and literary history. There are obvious Taoist thoughts and immortal colors.
When Jingdi is a martial artist, he is free from illness. Gong Ci Fu, the representative work is Zi Xufu. His works are rich in rhetoric and grand in structure. He is a representative writer of Han Fu, and later he was called Fu Sheng and Ci Zong. The love story between him and Zhuo Wenjun is also widely circulated. Lu Xun's "Outline of the History of China Literature" also commented on these two men in a special section, pointing out: "When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a scholar, he gave it to Murray Sima Xiangru and Wen Ruo Sima Qian."
Achievement contribution
Literary forms like Fu.
Fu is the most important style in Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru is recognized as a representative writer and master of Fu theory in Han Dynasty, and also a master of literature and aesthetics. Sima Xiangru's literary achievements are mainly reflected in his ci and fu. Fu Er is recorded in the History of Han Art and Literature.
There are six existing Nineteen Poems, namely Zixu Fu, Tian Zi Fu for Hunting, Adult Fu, Changmen Fu, Beauty Fu and Mourning Qin Ershi Fu, and there are only three existing titles. Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi has 1 Volume Sima Xiangru Collection, which has been lost. The Collection of Sima Wenyuan compiled by Amin Zhang Yan is included in the Records of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties 130.
Sima Xiangru also grasped the aesthetic law of Ci and Fu creation and explored the aesthetic creation and expression process of Ci and Fu creation through his own practice and exposition. It seems to be only a few words, but combined with the aesthetic thoughts expressed in his specific works, we can still see his many opinions on Fu. He put forward his own thought of ci and fu creation relatively completely. It is beneficial and necessary to explain his aesthetic thought of Ci and Fu from the perspective of modern aesthetics. Influenced by Taoist thought, Sima Xiangru's ci-fu presents rich and colorful artistic features, thus gaining enduring artistic charm. Among the two writers of Han Fu, Sima Xiangru achieved the highest achievement, and his Da Fu even became a model of Han Fu creation. Therefore, it is of far-reaching significance to study the characteristics of Sima Xiangru's creation of Ci and Fu for the study of Han Fu and even the whole literature of Han Dynasty.
essay
Sima Xiangru was also a famous prose writer in Han Dynasty, and made great achievements. His essays have been handed down to this day, such as Fisherman's Book Overlord, Difficult Book Old, Jian Lie Shu, Feng Chan Wen and so on. Although some works have played some negative roles in history. Nevertheless, on the whole, Sima Xiangru made an important contribution to the prose of Han Dynasty in the use of language and the development of form.
For more than two thousand years, Sima Xiangru's reputation has had a far-reaching impact on the history of literature. Most writers in the Han Dynasty worshipped him very much, among which Sima Qian, a historian, was the most representative. In the whole Historical Records, there are only two biographies of specialized writers: one is Biographies of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng, and the other is Biographies of Sima Xiangru, which shows that Xiang Ru plays an important role in Tai Shigong's mind. Sima Qian included three essays and four essays in Biography of Sima Xiangru, so the length of Biography of Sima Xiangru is about six times that of Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng. This shows that Sima Qian thought that Sima Xiangru's literary achievements surpassed Jia Yi's.
Literary influence
Zixu Fu, Shanglin Fu, Sima Xiangru's admonition and hunting, Changmen Fu and Fengqiuhuang are guqin music created by Sima Xiangru, a writer of Han Dynasty, which romanticized the love story between Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun. Taking "phoenix seeking phoenix" as a perfect metaphor not only contains passionate courtship, but also symbolizes the extraordinary ideals, lofty purport and tacit understanding of the hero and heroine. The whole poem has shallow meaning, bright syllables and passionate feelings, which combines the beauty of Chu Ci with the freshness of Han folk songs.
Historical evaluation
Sima Xiangru is an outstanding representative in the history of China's culture and literature, and an outstanding writer and politician in the heyday of the Western Han Dynasty and Emperor Wudi. He was called "Ci Zong" by Ban Gu and Liu Xie, and was "sanctified" by scholars such as Lin Wenxuan, Wang Yinglin and Wang Shizhen. At the same time, Sima Xiangru went to Southwest China to unite all ethnic groups in Dahan, and was called "frontier hero", which went down in history. Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun's bold pursuit of free and happy love and marriage, regardless of the shackles of feudal ethics, interpreted the love classics of free love as far away as BC, and were known as "the top ten classic love in the world", which was well-known at home and abroad. According to their love story, later generations composed the piano music "Yellow", which has been handed down to this day. Zhang Hu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Qin Ge, Sima Xiangru", saying, "The phoenix is like a phoenix, it has no burning, and there is no way for mountains and rivers to be suspicious, and there is another village. The phoenix tree is sunny in the morning and the feathers are weak and the water is high. "
He was the founder of Han Fu, and Yang Xiong appreciated his Fu and said admiringly, "Changqing Fu didn't come from the world, but it was deified into evil!" Ban Gu and Liu Xie called it "Ci Synthesis", while scholars such as Lin Wenxuan, Wang Yinglin and Wang Shizhen called it "Resurrection". Lu Xun's Outline of China Literature History: A special section comments on Sima Xiangru and Sima Qian, pointing out: "When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was studying, he gave Mo Ruo Sima Xiangru and Wen Ruo Sima Qian."