By studying the relevant contents of The Analects of Confucius, we can see the general idea and relatively stable teaching mode of Confucius teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Specifically, Confucius at least from the following aspects:
First, focus on fun and hierarchical optimization.
Confucius' understanding of this issue is quite brilliant. He clearly put forward his own proposition: "If you are above the people of China, you can also talk orally. Below China people, you can't say it orally. " (Chapter 19 1. From reading of the analects of confucius, Shanxi Ancient Books Publishing House, the same below. This concept is still passed down in the field of education. Although it is not satisfactory, I believe it will be gradually valued by educators in the future.
Then, in learning, what is "higher than the average person" and what is "lower than the average person"? Confucius also said: "The knower is not as good as the doer, and the doer is not as good as the musician." (Chapter 184) It seems that interest should be the first factor to distinguish its level, and knowledge structure and cognitive level are the second factors. Through this distinction, the differences of students' interests, hobbies and talents are relatively in line with the actual situation of his education, and it is easier to educate him from different levels and angles, and it is easier and more economical to give play to the advantages of education and receive better educational results. This practice is far more suitable for the development and improvement of students than one-size-fits-all education.
There is an old saying about the importance of interest in learning: you can control his body, but you can't control his heart. As long as he is interested, he is willing to do it, and he loves to do it. You can't stop him from caring and investing. On the other hand, if he is not interested, no matter how hard you try, he will "be in the heart, be in the Han", leaving you helpless-it can be seen that interest is an important condition for the success or failure of education. If you are interested, you will be dedicated, infatuated, devoted, willing to work hard and tired. Because of input, there is no distraction; Because I am willing, I will make amazing achievements through diligence. Without interest, it is easy to get tired and relax. Things can be done naturally, and they may be done well, but they are always mediocre. It is almost impossible to make achievements or excel. In other words, only when interest is the driving force can we talk about the effect of education; A boring education produces either mediocrity or stupidity.
It can be seen that interest in education is like the source of living water, Chinomoto. This enlightens us that as teachers, it is far better to pay attention to students' interests, mobilize and cultivate their interests, and guide them to develop along their interests than to force them to die.
In this sense, the teacher is not so much a gardener as a Bole with a unique vision.
Second, grasp the characteristics and prescribe the right medicine.
Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is the essence of Confucius' teaching thought in accordance with their aptitude, and it is also the guarantee for the implementation of this thought. It should not only be the characteristic of implementing quality education, but also be a shortcut to effectively train students. On this issue, Confucius' educational methods have given us a good demonstration. Specifically, the answer to the same question can vary from person to person:
● When Zhang Zi asked about politics, Yu Zi said, "Live tirelessly and do it faithfully." (Chapter 473)
When Luz asked about politics, Confucius said, "Work hard first." Please benefit and say, "Never get tired." (Chapter 472)
● The father of the house asks politics. Confucius said, "Haste makes waste-haste makes waste, and nothing can be achieved." (Chapter 449)
Low palace was killed by her family, ask politics. Confucius said, "Be a teacher first, forgive minors and cultivate talents."
He said, "How do you know a talented person and how to do it?"
Confucius said, "As you know. What you don't know, who gives up? " (Chapter 484)
● Zi Gong asked about politics, and Confucius said, "Enough food, enough soldiers and people's trust."
Zi Gong said, "I have to go, which comes first?"