According to the characteristics of cultural relics in the collection and the actual situation in China, combined with the survey results, temperature and humidity are two important indicators of the environmental quality of cultural relics in the collection. Paying attention to and standardizing them is the first step for people to improve the environmental quality of cultural relics in collections. The adjustment of temperature and humidity should pay attention to the following aspects:
1) The specific values of temperature and humidity should be adjusted according to the actual situation in various places. China has a vast territory and the climate varies greatly from place to place, so it is not necessary to adopt a unified national control goal. For example, the relative humidity in the natural environment measured by a temperature and humidity recorder is only 20%-30%, and the cultural relics in the north have adapted to this humidity. If the relative humidity must be above 50%, it will accelerate the aging of cultural relics. At the same time, large-scale temperature and humidity control needs the support of equipment and funds. At present, it is impossible for China to install a constant temperature and humidity system for every museum, and ensure the future operating expenses. Therefore, all localities should adjust their temperature and humidity according to local conditions. Of course, each cultural relic has its suitable temperature and humidity range, and the target value of regulation cannot exceed the limit value of cultural relic safe preservation.
2) The key point of adjustment is to avoid large fluctuation of temperature and humidity. At present, the specific values of temperature and humidity in the cultural relics preservation environment can basically meet the requirements of cultural relics preservation, but the stability is not enough. The preservation of cultural relics requires a stable environment. The fluctuation of temperature and humidity will lead to the expansion and contraction of cultural relics, which will lead to deterioration. Therefore, the stability of temperature and humidity has become the key to adjustment, especially the range of short-term fluctuations should be paid attention to.
3) Constant temperature and humidity equipment should run continuously for 24 hours. Constant temperature and humidity equipment can effectively adjust the temperature and humidity in the environment during operation, but if it is turned on and off at work every day, it will artificially increase the temperature and humidity difference between day and night, especially in winter and summer, which is not conducive to the safe preservation of cultural relics.
4) The cultural relics in the warehouse shall be placed in boxes and cabinets as far as possible. The experimental results show that the capsule box and capsule cabinet can effectively buffer the drastic changes of external temperature and humidity. In a relatively stable temperature environment, the iron cabinet can keep the humidity in the cabinet constant, while the wooden box and cabinet have more advantages in adjusting the temperature and humidity in the small environment. At present, under the condition of insufficient investment in culture and cultural undertakings in China, it is a feasible method to put each cultural relic into a box to improve the temperature and humidity changes of the cultural relic preservation environment.
5) Pay attention to the thermal effect of the lights in the showcase. The thermal effect of light is an important factor that causes the temperature change in the display cabinet. If the temperature in the closed display cabinet is controlled, the fluctuation of humidity will disappear. To reduce the thermal effect of lighting, we must first ensure that the lamps in the showcase are isolated from the cultural relics, so as to avoid the influence of lamps' heating on the cultural relics. Secondly, in the choice of light source, try to use cold light source or optical fiber for lighting.
6) Continuous monitoring of temperature and humidity should be strengthened. Truthfully monitoring the temperature and humidity changes is the premise of scientifically improving the preservation environment of cultural relics in the collection. But at present, it is far from enough for most museums to rely on the keeper to observe and record the measured values at some time points, and it cannot reflect the temperature and humidity changes in the environment as a whole. The short-term fluctuation of temperature and humidity is the main deficiency in the current temperature and humidity control, and it is also the key factor affecting the safety of cultural relics preservation. Only by continuous monitoring and recording with a recorder can it be reflected more scientifically and various improvement measures be put forward.
Therefore, for the collection, we need a device that can control the temperature and humidity to store and preserve these cultural relics. Constant temperature and humidity lockers are mainly used to store all kinds of cultural relics and some valuable electronic components, sensors and other first-,second-and third-class valuables or some unclassified items. Hua Boxu specializes in designing and developing cultural relics lockers in the Cultural Palace, museum cultural relics lockers, constant temperature and humidity memorial cultural relics lockers, constant temperature and humidity photoelectric chip lockers, constant temperature and humidity film black film drawers, constant temperature and humidity lockers in archaeological research institutes, multi-functional cultural relics safety lockers, and constant temperature and humidity lockers for LED lamp bead batteries. Suitable for scientific research institutions, laboratories, reference rooms, universities, hospitals, aerospace research institutes, museums and archives.
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