Art history
Art history
The science that studies the historical development and laws of fine arts. The research scope of art history includes architectural art history, sculpture history, painting history, arts and crafts history, calligraphy history and seal cutting history, involving artists, artistic works, artistic theories, artistic trends and artistic schools. Art history is closely related to history, and it also involves the investigation and appraisal of historical sites and cultural relics. Art history must be based on archaeological materials, which is closely related to archaeology. In addition, art history has a cross relationship with general cultural history, ethnology and folklore, but it is based on artistic works and accompanied by aesthetic judgment, and can draw a clear line with history, archaeology, cultural history, ethnology and folklore. Art history needs the guidance of philosophy, aesthetics and art theory, and also involves art criticism, but it uses concrete works to illustrate the development of art history, which is different from philosophy, aesthetics, art theory and art criticism
The earliest extant literature on art history in the West began in ancient Greece. Pliny's Natural History (A.D. 1 century) is a masterpiece with biographical explanations, while Bossanias's Travels of the Greek Week (2nd century) is regarded as the bud of art history. During the Renaissance, vasari's Biography of the Famous in the Art Garden was a relatively complete work of art history in the early period, and the author was praised as the father of art history. He introduced the ancient concept of "generation, completion and decline" into the history of art, and the history of modern art began with The History of Ancient Art by German J·J· winkelmann (1764). He studied relics directly, expounded the history of art with the change of style, and thought that nationality, country, religion, local conditions and customs were the elements of artistic development. After Hegel, the focus of the debate on art history is the reason for the change of artistic style, which generally comes down to three elements: nationality, environment and times. /kloc-In the 20th century, Germany listed art history as a university course for the first time. And to the depth and breadth of development, established a strict scientific nature. Wolfling and riegel have made great progress in the study of style history. Compared with the history of style, iconology rose near Hamburg in the early 20th century. However, both stylistics and video recording regard works of art as a simple means of recording, ignoring its aesthetic value. Sedormaya tries to distinguish the separation of form and connotation through structural analysis. After World War II, panofsky and Witt's iconography method put the profound meaning of the theme in the overall relationship of humanities. Gombrich's psychological method absorbed the achievements of gestalt psychology and psychoanalysis; Clark seeks the spirit of * * with the same style that transcends the times, trying to clarify the achievements and essence of human creative activities from two aspects: the development of works in the historical trend and the aesthetic value "structure" that transcends history.
The study of China's art history was discussed sporadically in hundred schools of thought's works before Qin Dynasty. Gu Kaizhi's "On Painting" and "Comments on Liu Sheng in Wei and Jin Dynasties" are the earliest art history documents. The history of ancient art in China is often expressed in the forms of painting, calligraphy, painting theory, calligraphy theory, painting history, calligraphy history, painting and calligraphy description, etc. In the paintings of Sheikh in the Southern Dynasties, "six methods" were put forward as the criteria for evaluating painters. Zhang Yanyuan's Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties is the first complete painting history. Painting history is passed down, which has influenced future generations for thousands of years. Guo's paintings in Song Dynasty, Li's paintings and Yuan Xia's paintings are all of this type. /kloc-From the end of 0/9 to the beginning of the 20th century, the study of art history in China was indirectly influenced by the West, with the Japanese as the intermediary. Pan Tianshou, Qin Zhongwen and Yu Jianhua respectively wrote The History of China Painting, and based on the literature, systematically described the development of China's painting. Hu Man's Art History of China is the first attempt to study China's art with historical materialism. After 1949, the Central Academy of Fine Arts established the Department of Art History and the Academy of Fine Arts. There are many works on art history. Wang Xun, Jin Weinuo, Chang et al. have made some achievements in the study of China art history. The study of China art history is developing in depth and breadth.
Prehistoric art (the art of slave society in ancient civilizations of the world)
1, the injured bison 2, the Stonehenge structure in Si Tong, England 3, the Egyptian Sphinx 4, the king and the koala at the back door of the king 5, the bookkeeper Kay 6, the injured lioness 7, the (Greek) Miron 8, the Parthenon 9, the (Greek) Three Fates 10, and the female statue pillars of the Eiffel Temple.
Foreign ancient religious art
1, Sudoupo 2, India's Three Foot One, Buddha 3, European Renaissance Art 4, Florence Cathedral Dome 5, Donata Luo Dawei 6, Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisa 7, Leonardo da Vinci 8, Michelangelo 9, Michelangelo 10,
Foreign art in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
1, (Italian) bernini 2, (Belgian) Rubens 3, (Flanders) Van Dyke 4, (western) velazquez 5, (western) velazquez 6 (France) connecting Gonard 7, (French) Boucher 8, (British) Reynolds 9, (western) Goya.
/kloc-foreign art in the 0/9th century
1, (France) Angel 2, (France) Miller 3, (France) Monet 4, (France) Cezanne
Foreign art since the 20th century.
1, (France) Lua 2, (Italy) Bohouni 3, (Spain) Dali
Modern China painting and calligraphy
1, Xuanhua, Zhao Xuanhua, Zhao 2, Sanyang Kaitai Ren Bonian 3, Wu Changshuo 4, perennial big picture Qi Baishi 5, green peony Qi Baishi 6, seal script Baishi 7, vegetable cooperative painting Qi Baishi, Wang Xuetao 8, summer in mountain village, Huang Binhong 9, and Jinwen Qiyan Lian. Loquat. Chen Ban 1 1, Ding Hu. Zhang Shan 12, Cotton Tree. Chen 13, Peacock. Gao Qifeng 14, Binjiang Building. He 15, Hangzhou Book Association. Wu Hufan 16. Grapes under the moon. Zhang Daqian 19, waterfall map. Huang Junbi, 20-year-old Ren Mei's father. Lin Fengmian 2 1, Gao Shi Hengqin. Fu Baoshi 22, Chibi Tour. Fu Baoshi, 23, performed in a competition in Yan Qian. Li Keran 24. Love Night Pavilion. Li Keran 25, Hexi Ranch. Wu Zuoren 26, Huangfu.