Efficacy and function of Patrinia scabra
Patrinia scabra is a commonly used Chinese medicine, which was first seen in Shennong Herbal Classic. There are two kinds of goods on the market at present. North China, Northwest China and other northern areas, as well as Beijing and Tianjin, are regarded as whole grasses of Compositae and several plants as spoilage bacteria. The daily necessities in Jiangnan are Zizania latifolia of Cruciferae. These two species of Patrinia scabra are different from those recorded in ancient Chinese materia medica in China. According to textual research, Patrinia scabra in materia medica should be Patrinia scabra and the whole grass of Patrinia scabra, which is only used in a few areas.
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Alias: Bitter vegetables, Bitter vegetables and Bitter vegetables.
Source: Sonchus sonchifolius, a perennial herb of Compositae, which is dry and whole, with unextracted stems and wild.
Origin: mainly produced in North China, Northeast China, Northwest China and other areas, but also distributed in other places.
Plant morphology: perennial herbs, all containing white pulp. Rhizomes are mostly prostrate, with a diameter of about 2 ~ 5 mm, the epidermis of old rhizomes is grayish yellow, and the new rhizomes are white. The aboveground stems are single and erect. Leaves alternate, oblong-lanceolate. The base is auriculate, the apex is blunt, the midvein is obvious, the edge is sparsely notched or pinnately lobed, and the top is sparsely serrated. The head is solitary or umbrella-shaped, with yellow flowers and a ligulate corolla. Involucre campanulate. Achene, rectangular, with longitudinal edges, silvery white, soft crown hair.
Character identification: the rhizome is cylindrical, 3 ~ 10 cm long, light yellow-brown, with longitudinal wrinkles, and the upper part has a knot-shaped leaf base mark. The stem is short, with several or more shriveled leaves at the top, and the leaves are grayish green. Smell, taste bitter.
It is best to have dense gray-green leaves without stems and branches.
Main ingredients: Chicory contains choline, picroside and fatty oil. Patrinia scabiosaefolia contains many saponins.
Pharmacological effect: clearing away heat and removing blood stasis. In vitro test has antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus.
Processing: incision, raw use.
Nature and taste: bitter and cold.
Meridian tropism: entering stomach, large intestine and liver meridian.
Functions: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and expelling pus.
Indications: intestinal carbuncle, lung carbuncle, acute bacillary dysentery, acute pharyngitis, acute appendicitis, etc.
Clinical application: It is mainly used to treat acute appendicitis. The ancient prescription has used coix seed and aconite root powder to treat intestinal carbuncle. In modern times, this prescription is based on addition and subtraction, accompanied by drugs for clearing heat and cooling blood. , strengthen the anti-inflammatory effect, treat periappendicitis and appendiceal abscess, and the effect is good, such as Changcarbuncle recipe.
In addition, it also treats carbuncle swelling (with viola yedoensis) and heat diarrhea (with honeysuckle and scutellaria baicalensis Georgi).
Note: Excessive use of Patrinia scabra sometimes leads to dizziness, nausea and a temporary decrease in white blood cell count.
Dosage: 9 ~ 30g.
Examples of prescriptions: long carbuncle prescriptions: Patrinia scabiosa 15g, raw coix seed 15g, wax gourd seed 15g, peach kernel 6g, peony bark 9g, honeysuckle flower 15g, forsythia suspensa 9g, cortex fraxini 6g, and viola yedoensis/kloc-0.
2. Quick
Alias: Guazicao.
Source: Dry stems and branches of Panicum in Cruciferae, with nearly mature silique. Mostly wild.
Origin: mainly produced in East China and Central South China, but also distributed in other places.
Character identification: the whole plant is yellow-green, the stem is cylindrical, and the total length of multiple branches is about 20 ~ 30 cm. Green leaves atrophy and fall off. The fruit sequence is a raceme. The fruit is oblate and oval, shaped like an elm. It has a thin handle, about 1 cm long. Pods contain more than a dozen brown oval seeds, about 2 mm long, and have raised concentric rings on the surface. A slight breath, a faint taste.
The whole plant is yellow-green, and most fruits are better.
Taste: Bitter, slightly warm.
Meridian tropism: entering the liver meridian.
Function: clearing liver and improving eyesight, harmonizing middle energizer and benefiting qi.
Indications: red eyes, swelling and pain, and tears.
Note: According to the identification manual of traditional Chinese medicine, in addition to the two different families and genera of Patrinia, there are a few areas, such as Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Yunnan and other areas, where several Patrinia plants such as white flowers and yellow flowers are used. To sum up, Patrinia scabra has complex sources. However, according to clinical application, it is considered that Patrinia in Compositae and Patrinia in Huanghua have similar curative effects, both of which have the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing blood stasis and expelling pus, and have obvious curative effects on acute appendicitis, but different families and genera should be named separately, so it is not appropriate to collectively refer to Patrinia. The role of Zizania latifolia in Cruciferae is different from that of Patrinia, which has been recorded in herbal medicine in past dynasties and should not be called Patrinia.
Introduction experiment of Patrinia scabra
Morphological feature editing
Perennial herb, up to1m. Underground stems are slender, aboveground stems are erect, and both sides are densely covered with white inverted coarse hairs or only 1 inverted coarse hairs. Basal leaves are clustered, ovoid, with coarse teeth at the edge and long petiole; Cauline leaves are opposite, oval or oblong, 4 ~ 10 cm long and 2 ~ 5 cm wide, with tapered apex and wedge-shaped base, with 1 ~ 2 pairs of pinnate splits and small basal lobes; The upper part is undivided, with coarse teeth on the edge, coarse hairs on both sides, and nearly sessile. Corymbose thyrses with dense branches and stems or only 2 rows of coarse hairs; Calyx not obvious; Corolla white, 4 ~ 6 mm in diameter. Achene obovate, base adnate to enlarged round winged membranous bracts, bracts suborbicular. The flowering period is May-June. [3]
Release editor
Born on hillsides, grasslands and roadsides. It is distributed all over the country except the northwest.
Cultivation management editor
Sowing: Seeds are mainly used for reproduction. After the seeds mature in June every year, they are harvested and dried in the shade. Bagging seeds with full seeds and no pests and diseases and storing them in the refrigerator. It will be broadcast in the spring of late March next year. Before sowing, prepare the soil. Chinese cabbage is not easy to be planted in low-lying and waterlogged land because of its strong drought resistance; Secondly, because the seeds are very small, they can be evenly mixed with sand, planted in shallow ditches with row spacing of1.5cm and depth of1.5cm, and they can emerge in 5-7 days.
Field management: when the height of seedlings is 6 ~ 8 cm, the seedlings should be thinned and fixed in time, the missing seedlings should be filled, and the soil should be loosened to weed. In mid-April, it is necessary to irrigate 1 time, and topdressing with human and animal manure. If you want to take tender stems and leaves, you need to harvest them before bud formation. At this time, the stems and leaves are tender and nutritious. Seed harvesting can be carried out in June. Because Chinese cabbage ripens while flowering, ripe fruits can be picked at any time, and seeds can be taken out after drying.
Harvesting and processing: the tender stems and leaves after harvesting should be treated in time, otherwise mildew will easily occur. If it is cloudy, dry it in time and don't pile it up. Seeds should be dried and stored in the refrigerator. Wild vegetables are pollution-free, nutritious and unique in flavor. It is widely distributed, multi-purpose, high value and broad development prospects. Patrinia scabra, a herbaceous plant, mostly grows in hillside grassland and other places. It is pungent and bitter, and has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing blood stasis and expelling pus.
Chemical composition editing
Contains villosine, mono-glucoside, loganin, etc.
Taste: cool, pungent and bitter.
Indications: Clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing blood stasis and discharging pus. For appendicitis, dysentery, enteritis, hepatitis, conjunctivitis, postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis, carbuncle and furuncle.
Note: Patrinia scabra and Patrinia scabra are the same plant.
Meridian tropism: entering stomach, large intestine and liver meridian. [4]
Processing: cleaning, drying and chopping. [4]
Character editing of medicinal materials
[Medicinal Material Properties] The rhizome is cylindrical, with dark brown to dark purple surface, nodes, the length is less than 2cm, and there are fine roots on the nodes. The stem is cylindrical, with longitudinal edges and nodes, and the surface is yellow-green or yellow-brown, sometimes with coarse hair. The leaves are opposite, shriveled and broken, completely oval, pinnately divided or completely divided. Top petal elliptic beryllium needle, side lobe needle, rough serrated edge; The upper surface is yellowish brown, the lower surface is grayish brown, and white hair is sparse on both sides; Petiole short or subsessile, slightly supporting stem at base; The upper leaves of the stem are smaller, usually 3-lobed, and the lobes are narrow and long. Some branches have corymbose panicles with yellow flowers. Achene oblong, 0.3 ~ 0.4 cm long, without membranous swollen bracts. Qi is single-minded and tastes slightly bitter.
Pharmacological action editor
1. Antimicrobial effect: Patrinia oral liquid, Patrinia granules and Patrinia granules have strong inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus. The water decoction of Patrinia has no obvious inhibitory effect on chicken embryo influenza virus, but its extract has obvious inhibitory effect. The extract of Patrinia scabra has a slight inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus and Diphtheria in vitro. It has no effect on hemolytic streptococcus, diphtheria, pneumococcus, anthrax and tetanus.
2. Sedative effect Patrinia scabra has sedative effect, in which saponin is its effective component. The ethanol extract or volatile oil of Patrinia scabra has obvious sedative effect on mice and can enhance the hypnotic effect of pentobarbital sodium. The volatile oils of Patrinia heterophylla and Patrinia flava can significantly prolong the sleep time of mice induced by pentobarbital sodium. The sedative effect of the latter is weaker than that of the volatile oil of Patrinia scabiosaefolia. The volatile oil of Patrinia scabra mainly contains Patrinia scabra and Isomatrine, but the ethanol extract and total saponins of the residue after evaporation of the volatile oil have no sedative effect. The sedative effect of Patrinia scabra is more than twice as strong as that of Valeriana officinalis.
3. The function of protecting liver and benefiting gallbladder Patrinia scabra has the functions of resisting hepatitis virus, diminishing liver cells, dredging capillary bile ducts, promoting liver cell regeneration, preventing liver cell degeneration and improving liver function.
4. Other effects In vitro experiments show that Patrinia heterophylla and Patrinia scabra have strong anti-cancer effects on cancer cells, and the water extracts of Patrinia heterophylla and Patrinia scabra have direct killing effects on ascites S 180 tumor cells by intraperitoneal injection in mice.
Medicinal material identification editor
Trait recognition
Whole grass length 15 ~ 55 cm. Roots slender conical; The surface is grayish yellow, hard and brittle, easily broken, and the section is uneven. The stem is cylindrical, with a diameter of1~ 5 mm; The surface is grayish yellow or grayish green, and the longitudinal edge is thin; Brittle and easily broken, with white loose pulp in the center of the section. The leaves are all broken. The racemose fruit sequence is born at the top of stem and branch and at the axil of leaf; The fruit is oval and flat, with a length of 8 ~15mm and a width of 5 ~13mm. The surface is grayish yellow or grayish green, the center is slightly raised, the edge has wings, the width is 1 .5 ~ 3mm, the centers on both sides have 1 longitudinal ridge lines, the top is concave, and the base has fine fruit stalks, which are about1cm long; The fruit is divided into two chambers with mediastinal membrane in the middle, and each chamber has 5 ~ 7 seeds. After the fruit cracked, a spindle-shaped white membranous membrane of 1 was left. Seeds oblate, ca. 2 mm wide; The surface is brown and black, and there are 5 ~ 6 protruding eccentric rings on both sides. A slight breath, a faint taste. The color is yellow-green, and the fruit shape is complete.
Microscopic identification
Cross section of fruit: the exocarp is 1 row of flat parenchyma cells, and the outer flat peripheral wall is thickened and cellulose; There are 3 ~ 5 rows of parenchyma cells on the outer side of mesocarp, and 1 ~ 2 rows of fibers on the inner side, which are tangent and lignified. Endocarp is 1 row of flat parenchyma cells, which are often squashed and slightly thickened. The center of midvein vascular bundle is xylem with phloem on both sides. The phloem is extremely narrow, and there are often 1 to several stele sheath fibers on the outside. A thin layer of pseudoseptal cells extends from both sides of the midvein and bends and connects with each other in the middle of the atrioventricular cavity. The flat peripheral wall of pseudoseptal cells is extremely thick, while the vertical peripheral wall is extremely thin, and the cell cavity is slit or not obvious.
Clinical application editor
1. It is often combined with Caulis Sargentodoxae, Coicis Semen, Semen Persicae, Cortex Moutan, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in clinic to treat intestinal carbuncle (acute appendicitis). It is compatible with Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Platycodi, Coicis Semen, Semen Benincasae, Rhizoma Phragmitis, etc. It can be used for treating lung abscess.
2. It is used together with Flos Lonicerae and Fructus Forsythiae to treat sores, carbuncle and swelling, and it is mashed with fresh herbs for external application.
3, with safflower, hawthorn and other drugs to treat postpartum blood stasis, abdominal tingling and other symptoms.
4. It is used together with Houttuynia cordata, Platycodon grandiflorum, Coicis Semen, Semen Benincasae and Rhizoma Phragmitis to treat lung abscess;
5, used for intestinal carbuncle, lung carbuncle, sore carbuncle. This product is pungent, can dispel depression, and cold can dissipate heat. Clinically, it is often combined with Caulis Sargentodoxae, Coicis Semen, Semen Persicae, Cortex Moutan and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. This product can be used with honeysuckle and forsythia to treat sores, carbuncle and swelling. At the same time, fresh herbs are mashed and applied externally.
6. Used for chest and abdominal pain and postpartum abdominal pain caused by stagnation of excess heat. Patrinia scabiosaefolia also has the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. It can be used in combination with Carthamus tinctorius and Crataegus pinnatifida for treating postpartum blood stasis and abdominal pain.
New clinical function
Patrinia scabra is the whole grass of Patrinia scabra and roots of Patrinia scabra. Shennong Herbal Classic is listed as the top grade, which is often used for clearing away heat and toxic materials. It is pungent, bitter and slightly cold, and has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating carbuncle and expelling pus, removing blood stasis and relieving pain. It can be used for the treatment of intestinal carbuncle (appendicitis), lung carbuncle (lung abscess), carbuncle swelling, sore, puerperal abdominal pain, etc. The usual dose is 6 ~ 15g. Through clinical verification, the product has many new functions.
Treat neurasthenia
It is reported that this product can reduce the excitement of the nervous system. Usage: Take 300g of this product, add water1500ml, and decoct with slow fire to 250ml. Take 1 time in the morning and evening, 50ml each time, and take150ml before going to bed at night. Seven days is 1 course of treatment. General drugs take effect on the same day, and the symptoms disappear after 3 courses of treatment.
Treating chronic ulcerative colitis
Experiments show that this product has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating dampness and cooling blood, removing blood stasis and expelling pus, eliminating local inflammation, improving microcirculation of diseased parts and promoting ulcer repair. Take 30-60g of this product, mix it with Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis 15g, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 10g, Poria, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 20g, Coicis Semen 30g, Rhizoma Coptidis, Fructus Evodiae 5g, Radix Aucklandiae 6g and Radix Glycyrrhizae 6g, and decoct with water. The total effective rate of chronic ulcerative colitis can reach 93.7% per day 1 dose.
Treat infertility caused by tubal obstruction.
Take 40 grams of this product, add 600 ml of water, decoct it twice to 300 ml, mix it with brown sugar 2 spoon, and take it twice a day to treat tubal obstruction. If tubal nowhere is treated, 20 ~ 40g of this product can be added into Fang Yaozhong according to the syndrome differentiation.
Gastric acid production
Pantothenic acid and acid reflux are common symptoms of spleen and stomach diseases and intestinal diseases. No matter whether the disease is cold or hot, Patrinia scabra 15g can be added with the prescription, and the acid-making effect is very good. If the effect is not obvious, then use it to 20 ~ 30 grams.
Treat skin itching
First, 50 grams of this product is mixed with 30 grams of Cortex Dictamni Radicis, Kochiae Fructus, Stemonae Radix, Fructus Cnidii and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, then added with 4000 ml of water and boiled for 20 minutes. After warming, scrub the whole body with medicinal liquid, 1 time, once a day, 20 minutes each time. In addition, 50 grams of this product and 20 grams of Angelica sinensis are decocted, daily 1 time.
Treat herpes zoster
Add this product 15g to the prescription and decoct it, daily 1 dose. At the same time, you can use a proper amount of fresh food every day and apply it to the affected area after mashing.
Treat prostatitis and semen liquefaction.
It has been reported that this product can relieve local muscle vasospasm of prostate, increase prostate secretion and promote semen liquefaction. For prostatitis, 50 grams of this product can be reused and added to the corresponding prescription for decoction. Semen is not liquefied and belongs to damp-heat betting. Take 30g of this product and mix it with Cortex Moutan, Rhizoma Alismatis, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Semen Cuscutae, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Semen Plantaginis, Herba Portulacae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and Radix Astragali to clear away heat and promote diuresis and distinguish turbidity.
In addition, 30 ~ 50g of this product can be reused and added to the prescription for treating women's cholecystitis, suppurative arthritis and pelvic inflammatory disease.
General dosage and usage: 3g~9g, decocted.
The source of this product is complex, belonging to Patrinia, which is only used by the people and not available in the market.
Prescription selection editor
1. Treating intestinal carbuncle is a disease in which the body nails are pressed by the wrong abdominal skin, such as abdominal swelling, no body heat accumulation and no pulse. This is intestinal abscess pus: coix seed is ten points, aconite root is two points, patrinia herb is five points, and the last three flavors are the end. Take a square knife and use two liters of water to pee at a time. (synopsis of the golden chamber)
2. Treat postpartum lochia for more than seven or eight days: six points for Patrinia scabiosa and Angelica sinensis, eight points for Paeonia lactiflora and twelve points for Radix Rehmanniae. Boil with two liters of water, and take eight-in-one hollow clothes.
3. Treatment of postpartum lumbago and leg pain: 8 points for Patrinia scabra and Angelica sinensis, and 6 points for Paeonia lactiflora and Cinnamomum cassia. Boil two liters of water and divide it into eight parts. Avoid onions. (Guangjifang)